• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2008

Absorbable atelo-collagen sponge $TERUPLUG^{(R)}$, Termo Co. Tokyo, Japan) is inserted in the extraction wound where alveolar bone is exposed. It protects wounds and promotes the formation of granulation. This is made of atelo-collagen, to minimize antigenicity, which is cross-linked by heat treatment for biocompatibility. $TERUPLUG^{(R)}$ consists of between 85 and 95 % of collagen type I and between 5 to 15 % of collagen type III. The raw material for the collagen is derived from bovine skin. It features a sponge block design and is shaped for easy insertion in the extraction wound. This study was designed to find out the bone healing capacity of $TERUPLUG^{(R)}$. We implanted $TERUPLUG^{(R)}$ (experimental group I) and $TERUPLUG^{(R)}$ with rhBMP-2 (experimental group II) in the rabbit cranium defect and then histologically analysed the specimen. The results were as follows. 1. In the 4 weeks, a lot of the newly formed collagen fibers around material of the experimental group I implanted $TERUPLUG^{(R)}$ were observed. But, in the experimental group II implanted $TERUPLUG^{(R)}$ with rhBMP-2, a little of newly formed collagen fibers around material were observed. The cell proliferating activity and apoptosis of the experimental group I, II was positive in and around the implanted material. 2. In the 8 weeks, the amount of newly formed and matured bone in the experimental group II was more observed than the experimental group I and control group. The results of this study indicate that absorbable atelo-collagen sponge ($TERUPLUG^{(R)}$) is relatively favorable bone void filler with biocompatibility and has the better bone healing capacity in case of application with rhBMP-2.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1831-1835
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• 2014

Background: To investigate the relationship between extracellular matrix parameters and texture of prostatic lesions evaluated by transrectal real-time tissue elastography (TRTE). Methods: 120 patients suspicious for prostate cancer underwent TRTE. Targeted biopsies were carried out after 12-core systematic biopsy. Epithelia were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and Victoria blue and Ponceau S were used to stain elastic-collagen fibers, and picric acid-sirius red for visualization of collagen type I (Col1) and III (Col3). Smooth muscles were visualized by immunohistochemistry. All image analyses were performed in a blind manner using Image Pro Plus 6.0, and the area ratios of epithelium, elastic fibers, collagen fibers and Col1/Col3 were determined. Results: 42 patients with typical elastograms were included in the final data analysis. Significant differences were detected between the benign and malignant groups in the area ratios of epithelium (P = 0.01), smooth muscles and Col1/Col3 (P = 0.04, P = 0.02, respectively). There were no significant differences in the area ratios of epithelium, smooth muscle and elastic fibers between the stiff and soft lesion groups. The area ratio of Col1 was ($0.05{\pm}0.03$) in the stiff group, and ($0.02{\pm}0.01$) in the soft group (P= 0.00). However, the area ratio of Col3 was ($0.03{\pm}0.02$) in the stiff group, and ($0.05{\pm}0.04$) in the soft group (P = 0.16). Col1/Col3 in the stiff group ($1.99{\pm}1.59$) was greater than in the soft group ($0.71{\pm}0.64$) (P = 0.01). Conclusions: Tissue hardness of prostatic tumors was mainly dependent on the Col1 content, Col1/Col3 being higher in malignant than in benign lesions, so the prostate tissue texture can be used as a target for distinguishing between the two with TRTE.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book I
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• pp.192-202
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• 2003

The wrinkles correspond to the most obvious expression of skin ageing and are manifested by changes on the organization and dermal structure. In the extracellular matrix, decreased quantities of collagens and glycosaminoglycans as well as a deterioration of the fibrillary network is noted, result in a reduction of dermal thickness. In addition, the activity of the collagenases increases in contrast to the synthesis of collagen fibers. Nor are cells spared during the aging process. We thus studied and compared the contractile capacity as well as the synthesis capacity of normal human fibroblasts and human fibroblasts obtained from biopsies of forehead wrinkles. The capacity of the fibroblasts to be adhered to the collagen network and to maintain a three-dimensional structure of dermis was studied on a model of equivalent dermis. The metabolic activity was studied by evaluating the capacities of synthesis of collagen I, main component of dermis. Human fibroblasts resulting from the forehead wrinkle contract less the gel of collagen than the normal human fibroblasts and present an activity of biosynthesis of collagen I less important than normal human fibroblasts. These results show that fibroblasts with aging present a deceleration of their metabolic activity and lose their capacity of adhesion to collagen fibers thus limiting the possibility of organizing the dermal tissue. We investigated the potential of an active ingredient able to compensate for the reduction of the metabolic activity and to restore the contractile capacity of fibroblasts obtained from forehead wrinkles. This effect was compared with a reference molecule: the vitamin C.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.173-179
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was to determine the effects of surgical induction of anterior disc displacement (ADD) on the distribution of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen fiber arrangement in the rabbit temporomandibular joint (TMJ) tissues including articular cartilage of condyle, disc, retrodiscal tissue, and articular eminence. Methods: We used van Gieson staining and Alcian blue critical electrolyte concentration (CEC) method to observe change of collagen fibers on disc and to measure GAG up to 10 weeks in TMJ tissues after surgical induction of ADD on 25 rabbits. Results: CEC measurements for GAG showed 0.3 M, 0.4 M, 0.6 M, and 0.8 M at 1 week, 2 weeks, 3, 4, and 8 weeks, 10 weeks, respectively. This result indicated that GAGs shifted to highly sulphated ones as time passed. Disruption of collagen fiber arrangement in the disk occurred at 10 days and aggravated at 3 weeks. Conclusion: Our study showed degenerative osteoarthritis changes in rabbit TMJ following surgical induction of ADD up to 10-week period.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.157-175
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• 1996

The development of flexor digital tendon of the hand was studied by electron microscopy in human fetuses ranging from 9 mm to 260 mm crown rump length. The primordium of tendons was first identified as discrete collection of mesenchymal cells at 25 mm fetus. Synovial sheath formation had commenced by 40 mm fetus and was complete by 70 mm fetus. Cell junction or adhesion sites at all ages were noted between the tendon cells. When dilatation of the synovial cavity occurred, two types of synovial cells were observed. A-type cells had numerous vesicles and large vacuoles. In contrast, B-type cells were characterized by abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum and well-developed Golgi complex. By $150mm{\sim}260mm$ fetuses, a mojority of the synovial cells were type B. The most remarkable difference between the synovial cells of full-term fetus and adult was the larger amount of collagen fibers in the latter. The vascular buds were first observed between the individual fibril bundles in the interfascicular space at 150 mm fetus. At 25 mm fetus, collagen fibrils were first noted within narrow cytoplasmic recesses which were continued with the extracellular space. Collagen fibrils were filled in almost entire extracellular space at 150 mm fetus. Besides collagen fibrils in the extracellular space small elastic fibers were also identified and followed in their development.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.183-194
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• 2006

동양의학 이론의 주요 관심사인 경락의 연구에 있어 생체 내 신호전달 체계와 해부학적 실체에 대한 단서를 확인하기 위하여 본 실험을 수행하였다. 1960년대 이루어졌던 봉한학설의 이론과 문헌을 근거로 하여 토끼의 복막에 존재하는 봉한관으로 생각되는 반투명의 회백색의 탄성이 있는 섬유상 구조물을 분리하여 조직학적으로 관찰하였다. 각 조직 샘플은 봉한관 확인을 위하여 hematoxylin eosin과 Masson's trichrome 염색, 교원섬유는 Van Gieson's 염색, 신경은 Kluver Barrera's luxol fast blul 염색을 하여 비교함으로써 구성성분에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 광학현미경상에서 관찰된 조직들은 교원섬유와 신경으로 구성된 집합체였으며 다발의 형태를 이루고 있었고, 여러 개의 myoid spindle형태의 세포들이 종으로 배열되어 있었다. 이러한 세포들은 신경의 슈반세포이며 봉한관의 myoid형태의 세포들과 같은 소견이었다. 같은 부위를 전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과 잘 배열된 교원섬유와 신경을 관찰할 수 있었으며 신경다발 사이로 교원섬유가 둘러싸고 있었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면 복막에 존재하는 봉한관은 교원섬유와 어우러진 신경임을 확인할 수 있었고 신경과 어우러져 존재하는 교원섬유의 절연성과, 침의 치료에 있어 교원섬유가 주위의 신경과의 신호전달 체계에 영향을 미치는 점을 고려하여 볼 때 교원섬유와 신경 그리고 혈관의 유기적인 관계 속에서 교원섬유의 새로운 역할 규명에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.374-381
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• 2023

Although the epiglottis plays a vital role in deglutition, histological studies of the epiglottis and surrounding ligaments associated with swallowing dysfunction are limited. Therefore, we performed histological observations to clarify age-related changes in the morphological characteristics of the epiglottis and surrounding structures. Tissue samples comprising the epiglottis and surrounding structures were collected from corpses that were both orally fed and tubefed during their lifetimes. Following hematoxylin and eosin, Elastica Van Gieson, and immunohistochemical staining procedures, the chondrocytes, connective tissue, and glandular tissue were observed under the epiglottis epithelium, and intervening adipose tissue was observed in the surrounding area. Fatty degeneration of acinar cells was also observed in the glandular tissue, possibly because of aging. Bundles of elastic fibers were present around the vascular wall in the peri-epiglottic ligament, but some were reduced. Furthermore, large amounts of collagen fibers ran toward and through the cartilage, whereas the mesh-like elastic fibers stopped in front of the cartilage. Microfibrils considered to be oxytalan fibers, which are thinner and shorter than elastic fibers, were observed around the vascular wall and in the fiber bundles. Age-related changes included connective tissue fibrosis shown by the large amount of collagen fibers, atrophy of salivary glands, and an accompanying increase in adipose tissue. Regarding stretchability and elasticity, the elastic fibers may have an auxiliary function for laryngeal elevation during deglutition. This suggests that disuse atrophy of the laryngeal organs with or without oral intake might reduce the amount of elastic fiber in older adults.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.325-341
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• 2003

Statement of problem: In cases where bony defects were present, guided bone regenerations have been performed to aid the placement of implants. Nowadays, the accepted concept is to isolate bone from soft tissue by using barrier membranes to allow room for generation of new bone. Nonresorbable membranes have been used extensively since the 1980's. However, this material has exhibited major shortcomings. To overcome these faults, efforts were made to develop resorbable membranes. Guided bone regenerations utilizing resorbable membranes were tried by a number of clinicians. $Bio-Gide^{(R)}$ is such a bioresorbable collagen that is easy to use and has shown fine clinical results. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the histological results of guided bone regenerations performed using resorbable collagen membrane($Bio-Gide^{(R)}$) with autogenous bone, bovine drived xenograft and combination of the two. Surface morphology and chemical composition was analyzed to understand the physical and chemical characteristics of bioresorbable collagen membrane and their effects on guided bone regeneration. Material and methods: Bioresorbable collagen membrane ($Bio-Gide^{(R)}$), Xenograft Bone(Bio-Oss), Two healthy, adult mongrel dogs were used. Results : 1. Bioresorbable collagen membrane is pure collagen containing large amounts of Glysine, Alanine, Proline and Hydroxyproline. 2. Bioresorbable collagen membrane is a membrane with collagen fibers arranged more loosely and porously compared to the inner surface of canine mucosa: This allows for easier attachment by bone-forming cells. Blood can seep into these spaces between fibers and form clots that help stabilize the membrane. The result is improved healing. 3. Bioresorbable collagen membrane has a bilayered structure: The side to come in contact with soft tissue is smooth and compact. This prevents soft tissue penetration into bony defects. As the side in contact with bone is rough and porous, it serves as a stabilizing structure for bone regeneration by allowing attachment of bone-forming cells. 4. Regardless of whether a membrane had been used or not, the group with autogenous bone and $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$ filling showed the greatest amount of bone fill inside a hole, followed by the group with autogenous bone filling, the group with blood and the group with $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$ Filling in order. 5. When a membrane was inserted, regardless of the type of bone substitute used, a lesser amount of resorption occurred compared to when a membrane was not inserted. 6. The border between bone substitute and surrounding bone was the most indistinct with the group with autogenous bone filling, followed by the group with autogenous bone and $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$ filling, the group with blood, and the group with $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$ filling. 7. Three months after surgery, $Bio-Gide^{(R)}$ and $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$ were distinguishable. Conclusion: The best results were obtained with the group with autogenous bone and $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$ filling used in conjunction with a membrane.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2021

Asbestos products had been widely used until 2007 in Korea since the 1930s. A total ban on their production and applications has been imposed because of the toxic effect of asbestos fibers on the human health. The inhaled asbestos fibers increase reactive oxygen species and inflammatory reactions in the respiratory airway including the alveolar sac, resulting in DNA damages and secretion of several inflammatory cytokines or chemokines. These paracrine communications promote the proliferation of fibroblasts and the synthesis of collagen fibers, thereby depositing them into the extracellular matrix at the interstitial space of alveoli. The fibrotic tissue hindered the gas exchange in the alveolus. This reviews describes not only the cytotoxic effects of asbestos fibers with different physical or chemical characteristics but also the interaction of cells that make up the respiratory airway to understand the molecular or cellular mechanisms of asbestos fiber-induced toxicity. In addition, we propose a pulmonary toxicity research technique based on the mini-lung that can mimic human respiratory system as an alternative to overcome the limitations of the conventional risk assessment of asbestos fibers.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.357-375
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of histochemical characteristics in inflammatory fibrous gingival hyperplasia (FGH), phenytoin-induced gingival hyperplasia(PIGH), idiopathic gingival hyperplasia(IDGH) and control groups (healthy and inflammatory gingiva) by immunohistochemical method with various antibodies and histomorphological analysis. In immunohistochemical finding, antibodies to inflammatory cells (T/B lymphocytes, macrophages, other monocytes), proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), epidermal growth factor(EGF), factor VIII, and type I collagen were used. 1. The inflammatory infiltrates in FGH were less than those in inflammatory gingiva. The composition of inflammatory cells of PIGH was similar with that of FGH. IDGH showed a similar histologic findings with healthy gingival tissue. 2. In FGH, the number of fibroblasts and newly-formed collagen fibers was increased. No significant increase of fibroblasts and the dense accumulation of thick collagen fibers were seen in PIGH. The increase of fibroblasts and the dense accumulation of thick collagen were seen in IDGH. 3. PCNA-positive cells were localized mainly in the area accumulated with inflammatory cells and blood vessels, significantly increased in all hyperplastic tissue groups, and distributed evenly in IDGH. 4. The distribution of EGF were not observed in healthy gingiva but detected locally in area with confluent blood vessels,without significant difference between the other tissue groups. This results suggest that inflammation plays a significant role in inducing hyperplastic change of gingival tissue. While in DIGH, drug itself as well as inflammation seems to attribute to hyperplastic change.