• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.701-707
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Ge(germanium) treatment on rice quality. Rice samples were divided into the following treatment groups: control(CON: cultivated without Ge), Ge-1(cultivated with 200 kg of rough stone powder containing 1.6 mg/kg germanium per 10 ha), and Ge-2(cultivated with 500 kg of rough stone powder containing 1.6 mg/kg germanium per 10 ha). The mean total Ge level in the Ge-2 sample was 20.47 ppb. The levels of Ca and Na in the Ge-2 rice increased by 65.12 and 110.28%, respectively, when compared to the control, whereas the Zn, Mn, Fe, Mg and K content decreased by 11.44~30.50%. No significant difference in the percentage weight of C and O was observed among samples. The order of the percentage weight of P, S, and Cl was Ge-2>Ge-1>CON. The free amino acids were higher in samples from the Ge-1 and Ge-2 groups than in samples from the control. The GABA($\gamma$-aminobutyric acid) amount in the Ge-2 products was significantly high compared to other groups. The micro structure of Ge-2 showed a firmer network than the control and had a macroporous structure. Conversely, the Ge-2 products had higher scores for stickiness, hardness and overall taste when compared to the other groups. These results suggest that rice treated with rough stone powder containing germanium can be used in the production of commercially-desired functional rice.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.1585-1592
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• 2013

Functional food for prevention of chronic diseases is one of this century's key global challenges. Cancer is not only the first or second leading cause of death in China and other countries across the world, but also has diet as one of the most important modifiable risk factors. Major dietary factors now known to promote cancer development are polished grain foods and low intake of fresh vegetables, with general importance for an unhealthy lifestyle and obesity. The strategies of cancer prevention in human being are increased consumption of functional foods like whole grains (brown rice, barley, and buckwheat) and by-products, as well some vegetables (bitter melon, garlic, onions, broccoli, and cabbage) and mushrooms (boletes and Tricholoma matsutake). In addition some beverages (green tea and coffee) may be protective. Southwest China (especially Yunnan Province) is a geographical area where functional crop production is closely related to the origins of human evolution with implications for anticancer influence.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.354-359
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• 1992

The effect of the addition of various vegetable oils on the mycelial growth was studied. Most vegetable oils were proved to be stimulative for the mycelial growth, and the best mycelial growth (12 mg/ml) was obtained with the addition of cotton seed oil. Several agricultural wastes i.e., rice straw, peanut hull, sawdust, rice hull, cocoa hull, coffee waste and beer waste were empolyed as substrates for sporophore production of p. sajor-caju. The biological efficiency(BE) for sporophore productions of rice straw and peanut hull were 36.4% and 32.6%, respectively. The highest yield of sporophore was obtained from the mixture of rice straw (50%) and beer waste (50%)(BE 109.6%) followed by peanut hull (50%) and beer waste (50%)(BE; 74.5%).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.1670-1679
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• 2020

The substantial use of fungal enzymes to degrade lignocellulosic plant biomass has widely been attributed to the extensive requirement of powerful enzyme-producing fungal strains. In this study, a two-step screening procedure for finding cellulolytic fungi, involving a miniaturized culture method with shake-flask fermentation, was proposed and demonstrated. We isolated 297 fungal strains from several cellulose-containing samples found in two different locations in Thailand. By using this screening strategy, we then selected 9 fungal strains based on their potential for cellulase production. Through sequence-based identification of these fungal isolates, 4 species in 4 genera were identified: Aspergillus terreus (3 strains: AG466, AG438 and AG499), Penicillium oxalicum (4 strains: AG452, AG496, AG498 and AG559), Talaromyces siamensis (1 strain: AG548) and Trichoderma afroharzianum (1 strain: AG500). After examining their lignocellulose degradation capacity, our data showed that P. oxalicum AG452 exhibited the highest glucose yield after saccharification of pretreated sugarcane trash, cassava pulp and coffee silverskin. In addition, Ta. siamensis AG548 produced the highest glucose yield after hydrolysis of pretreated sugarcane bagasse. Our study demonstrated that the proposed two-step screening strategy can be further applied for discovering potential cellulolytic fungi isolated from various environmental samples. Meanwhile, the fungal strains isolated in this study will prove useful in the bioconversion of agricultural lignocellulosic residues into valuable biotechnological products.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.191-198
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• 2017

This study offers the possibility of a new integrated product of video technology and public culture content. The Development of 'the Urinal of Emotional Type with Screen' will introduce a new sanitary pottery product and it will be a new attempt to combine hygiene pottery product with high-tech electronic product. It is a product development idea that presents the new marketability of the sanitary pottery product with the improvement of awareness of the restroom and the idea of wit through public information notification and advertisement effect. For the commercialization of the product, the prototype will be made through a separate production process with the design of this project, through 3D rendering, 3D mockup and so on. Various product expansions can be consulted with manufacturers after that. It is a new approach of image making with high quality and differentiated pricing strategy, that targeting small-scale business, such as franchise coffee shops and liquor stores with high quality and differentiated pricing strategy, and it will lead the market trend with various marketing availability through differentiated video contents.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.1118-1128
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• 1993

This study was undertaken to investigate the acute effect of caffeine consumption on the change of mineral concentration in serum and urinary mineral excretion in healthy young females. On two separate mornings at one week intervals, each subject drank a coffee which contained no caffeine and 3mg/kg body weight caffeine. To obviate dietary effects on mineral concentration in serum and urine, each subject fasted at least ten hours before consuming the test beverage. At one, two, three and four hours, serum and urine production collected seperately for measurement of sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium concentration. The results were as following : 1) Mean age of subjects was 20.6$\pm$0.32, Mean body mass index of subjects was 21.64$\pm$0.89, which was within $\pm$10% of ideal body weight. 2) Total urine volume of caffein groups for 4 hour after caffeine consumption was higher than that of decaffeine one, but urine pH was unchanged after caffeine consumption. Total urinary four hour excretion of creatinine was not affected by caffeine consumption and creatinine clearance also was not different from the control value. 3) In serum, mean three hour content of sodium(p<0.01) and phosphorus was higher in the subject given the caffeine. Mean serum magnesium and calcium contents were lower in caffeine group than that of decaffeine one. Mean serum magnesium content for three hour after caffeine ingestion was affected by caffeine consumption(p<0.001). Mean serum content of potassium was unaffected by caffeine consumption. 4) Total urinary four hour excretion of sodium, increased significantly after caffeine consumption(p<0.05), while total urinary four hour excretion of potassium, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium was unchanged after caffeine intake. Urinary excretion of Na, Ca, P and Mg was greatest at one hour after caffeine consumption, especially urinary sodium and potassium excretion was significantly high(p<0.05, p<0.01). The above results show that only 3mg caffeine per kg body weight increase the urinary macro mineral excretion in healthy young females.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.881-890
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• 2019

Objective: A study was conducted to develop non-dairy creamer analogs/mimics using egg white, egg yolk, soy protein and their combinations, and their nutrient content, shelf-life and flavor acceptability were compared. Methods: Spray dried egg white, egg yolk, and soy protein isolate were purchased from manufacturers and used for the formulae. Results: The protein contents of the non-dairy creamer analogs/mimics were about 8.5% as calculated. The amounts of oleic and linoleic acid content increased as the amount of yolk increased in the formula, but the increases of polyunsaturated fatty acids were <0.5% of total fat. Addition of egg yolk to the formula increased choline and lutein content in the products, but the amounts were <0.4 mg/g for choline and $4{\mu}g/g$ for lutein. The lutein in the products continued to decrease over the storage time, and only about 15% to 20% of the 0-month amounts were left after 3 months of storage. Although the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values of the spray-dried non-dairy creamer analogs/mimics increased as storage time increased, the values were still low. Yellowness, darkness, and egg flavor/odor of the non-dairy creamer analogs/mimics increased as the amount of egg yolk in the formula increased. The overall acceptability of the non-dairy creamer analogs/mimics was closely related to the intensity of egg flavor/odor, but storage improved their overall acceptance because most of the off-odor volatiles disappeared during the storage. Water temperature was the most important parameter in dissolving spray-dried non-dairy creamer analogs/mimics, and $55^{\circ}C$ to $75^{\circ}C$ was the optimal water temperature conditions to dissolve them. Conclusion: Higher amounts of yolk and soy protein combinations in place of egg white reduced the cost of the products significantly and those products contained better and balanced nutrients than the commercial coffee creamers. However, off-flavor and solubility were two important issues in the products.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2020

The purpose of this research is to strengthen rural community empowerment by creating a tourism farm as a plan to reduce relative poverty and to improve the quality of life by creating jobs and increasing the income of local residents in underdeveloped countries. To do so, literature review, stakeholder interviews, on-site investigations, focus-group interviews, a project meeting for residents and a questionnaire survey were performed and analyzed and the results were as follows. First, Uganda has the potential to increase agricultural production based on its warm climate, fertile land and abundant natural resources. The quality of life of local residents is expected to be improved by realizing high-added values through the convergence of the conventional existing agricultural industry and other industries if the agricultural technology is properly transferred based on abundant labor force and low labor expenses. Opportunities for the success of the project can be spread to other rural villages across the country. Second, since local residents are now cultivating sugar cane, cassava, matoke, banana, coffee and so on as a farm owner, tourism agriculture with high-added values can be promoted by vitalizing communities based on farming technology to be transferred and a cooperative farm. It is also necessary to implement a rural community empowerment project to do so. Third, the university that is the cooperative partner of the project is positively considering to train experts by establishing a community development department, and, if necessary, a technical training center to educate the general public, which is expected to create synergic effects through the convergence of education, agriculture and tourism.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.51
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• pp.26-46
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• 2010

This study interprets Cheong-gye-cheon restoration as a process of space production during expansion of capitalism, and performs discourse analysis in order to find out that how media discourse has been related to the production of Cheong-gye-cheon space in each period of historical changes. This paper is particularly concentrating on discovering regulation in discourse which connects people's experiences and perception towards certain ways in the relationship between newly producted space and media discourse. This paper construes the period of 1960s as a process which pre-modern bodies and facilities were changed into modern and urban 'daily life' by practicing a space which splitted in a concept of time efficiency. In 1980s, media represented the facilities which had been constructed at the Cheong-gye-cheon space as a 'disqualified facilities for a center of the city'. This is because, tertiary industries were emerged at the 'Gang-nam' in this period which widen the gap of finance between 'Gang-nam' and 'Gang-Buk'. The government wanted to redevelop this space in order to function accumulating capital efficiently. Therefore shop owners nearby Cheong-gye-cheon were forced to move out. The discourse, 'disqualified facilities for a center of the city', implicates this process. The media discourse in the 2000s produced the 'myth' through the 'signifier' such as artificially flowing water, fine scenery, historical but artificial structure and etc.. However, people can experience symbols of the artificial structures which leads people to the luxurious restaurants, coffee shops, and etc.. Naturally, the spectacles produced by media direct people to the homogeneous pattern of consume. This phenomena can be explained as a process which people practice, intentionally or non-intentionally, the capitalistic mode of production which changed from a period of production to a period of consumption.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 2007

The importance of genetic resources conservation and utilization for economy and the health and well-being of societies in general is recognized all over the world. Mulberry genetic resources contain many natural components and are considerable resource for functional sericulture. We carried out antioxidative capacity analysis of mulberry leaves that were collected from Korea and some of foreign countries and preserved in the greenhouse. The mean antioxidant capacity of 34 accessions was 892.30nmol(ascorbic acid equivalent). Also we evaluated fruity characteristics and selected 4 accessions as breeding resources for the production of mulberry fruit. To investigate the effect of tea on antioxidative capacity, five kinds of tea(coffee mix, green tea added brown rice, mulberry leaf tea, Polygonatum odoratum tea and black tea added lemon) were selected and analyzed. Their's antioxidative capacity were 2,531.01nmol, 1,867.42nmol, 1,053.72nmol, 292.71nmol and 188.91nmol, respectively. The antioxidative capacity of drinking water soaked with mulberry leaf showed 891.96nmol.