• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.37-44
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• 2017

This research is devoted to the development of methods general and standard methodological approaches and approbation those for the evaluation of economic potential and level of concentration of the regions of Kazakhstan. This paper presents the results of development of the authors on the selection and justification of the methodological approaches for quantitative evaluation of the economic potential (the degree of territorial differentiation of the profile) and concentration of regions. In this study, we used scientific methods: method of analysis the main trends of economic development, and method of evaluation of concentration of the region. Based on the analysis of foreign techniques developed and tested methodical approaches to the assessment of the economic potential (index and coefficient methods). Proposed methodological approaches to the assessment profile of the territory and developed a system of indicators, which includes an aggregated index of spatial concentration, which accurately reflects the concentration of production in the region. This study shows the results of the analysis of the potential regional disparities and trends of economic development of Kazakhstan. By using, the proposed methodology shows the possibility of their use; we calculated the indicators of integrated assessment of the economic potential and indicators of spatial concentration.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.11C
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• pp.1108-1115
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose a practical iterative channel estimation and decoding method for an LDPC-coded frequency hopping OFDMA system in the uplink of a packet-based cellular system. In the method, the channel gain and noise variance are iteratively estimated with both pilot symbols and LDPC decoder outputs to provide more reliable decoding metrics in intercell interference (ICI) environments. In addition, the channel correlation coefficient is also estimated to select proper filter coefficients according to the channel variation rate. Through simulations under the various channel conditions and different receiver configurations, it is shown that the proposed iterative receiver improves the performance without boosting the pilot power and mitigates the adverse effects of the non-uniform ICI.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.765-769
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• 2014

An analytical methodology was developed for qualitative and quantitative impurity profiling of the coloring agent Sudan III by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-diode array detection (DAD). The impurities in commercial Sudan III were characterized by comparison of their retention times and UV spectra with those of authentic standards. Four impurities regulated by International Committees in Sudan III were quantified by HPLC-selective UV detection. The impurities in Sudan dye were successfully separated on a reversed phase C18-column within 25 min and sensitively detected by UV spectrometry at two selective wavelengths. Method validation was conducted to determine linearity, precision, accuracy, and limit of quantification (LOQ). The linear dynamic range extended from 0.002 to 4.0%, with a correlation coefficient (R2) greater than 0.995. The LOQs of the impurities ranged from 8.04 to $54.29{\mu}g/mg$. Based on the established method, the levels of regulated impurities in five commercial Sudan III dyes were determined.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.147-151
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• 2014

This research presents a method for the initial structural design of a multi-megawatt wind turbine blade. The structural data for a 2-MW blade were applied as the blade structural characteristic data of the reference blade. Tenkinds of blade models were newly designed by replacing the spar cap axial GRRP with a GFRP and CFRP These terms should be defined. at different orientations. The axial stiffness coefficients of the newly designed models were made equal to the coefficient of the reference blade. The required numbers of layers in each section of blades were calculated, and the lay-up designs were based on these numbers. Verification results showed that the design method that used the structural data of the reference blade was appropriate for the initial structural design of a wind turbine blade.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2006.03a
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• pp.572-581
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• 2006

This study is to investigate dynamic response of concrete buried pipelines with various end boundary conditions and develop a curve fitted equation to ensure practicality and convenience for the use at the actual field for the test of resistance of earthquake. Dynamic response under the various end boundary conditions is calculated with analysis on values and computing programs. However, such a method of analysis requires skillfulness in using computing programs for dynamic movement of buried pipelines with dynamic analysis formula and has lower efficiency and practicality because, in the nature of analysis program of values, it needs much time to conduct repeated calculations. Therefore, the study is intended to develop a curve fitted equation to ensure more efficient and practical analysis. This paper tests various degrees of equation with non-linear least square method and developments a curve fitted equation based on the transmission speed with the best results. In the use of curve fitted equation, degree of polynomial and determining coefficient are influenced by the speed of transmission.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.587-593
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• 2002

The present research proposes a pressure based approach along with Langmuir slip condition for predicting microscale fluid flows. Using this method, gaseous slip flows in 2 -dimensional microchannels are numerically investigated. Compared to the DSMC simulation, statistical errors could be avoided and computing time is much less than that of the aforementioned molecular approach. Maxwell slip boundary condition is also studied in this research. These two slip conditions give similar results except for the pressure nonlinearity at high Knudsen number regime. However, Langmuir slip condition seems to be more promising because this does not need to calculate the streamwise velocity gradient accurately and to calibrate the empirical accommodation coefficient. The simulation results show that the proposed method using Langmuir slip condition is an effective tool for predicting compressibility and rarefaction in microscale slip flows.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.109-125
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• 2012

Post-buckling behavior of Timoshenko beams subjected to uniform temperature rising with temperature dependent physical properties are studied in this paper by using the total Lagrangian Timoshenko beam element approximation. The beam is clamped at both ends. In the case of beams with immovable ends, temperature rise causes compressible forces end therefore buckling and post-buckling phenomena occurs. It is known that post-buckling problems are geometrically nonlinear problems. Also, the material properties (Young's modulus, coefficient of thermal expansion, yield stress) are temperature dependent: That is the coefficients of the governing equations are not constant in this study. This situation suggests the physical nonlinearity of the problem. Hence, the considered problem is both geometrically and physically nonlinear. The considered highly non-linear problem is solved considering full geometric non-linearity by using incremental displacement-based finite element method in conjunction with Newton-Raphson iteration method. The beams considered in numerical examples are made of Austenitic Stainless Steel (316). The convergence studies are made. In this study, the difference between temperature dependent and independent physical properties are investigated in detail in post-buckling case. The relationships between deflections, thermal post-buckling configuration, critical buckling temperature, maximum stresses of the beams and temperature rising are illustrated in detail in post-buckling case.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.58-69
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• 2014

This paper proposes a method for predicting maximum friction coefficients and optimal slip ratios as optimal control parameters for traction control or slip control of autonomous mobile robots on rough terrain. This paper focuses on strength of ground surface which indicates different characteristics depending on material types on surface. Strength of various material types can be estimated by Willoughby sinkage model and by a developed testbed which can measure forces, velocities, and displacements generated by wheel-terrain interaction. Estimated strength is collaborated on building improved Brixius model with friction-slip data from experiments with the testbed over sand and grass material. Improved Brixius model covers widespread material types in outdoor environments on predicting friction-slip characteristics depending on strength of ground surface. Thus, a prediction model for obtaining optimal control parameters is derived by partial differentiation of the improved Brixius model with respect to slip. This prediction model can be applied to autonomous mobile robots and finally gives secure maneuverability on rough terrain. Proposed method is verified by various experiments under similar conditions with the ones for real outdoor robots.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.609-615
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• 2015

This study was carried out for characterization of MIO synthesized in our laboratory by co-precipitation method and applied isotherm and kinetic models for adsorption properties. XRD analysis were conducted to find crystal structure of synthesized MIO. Further SEM and XPS analysis was performed before and after phosphate adsorption, and BET analysis for surface characterization. Phosphate stock solution was prepared by KH2PO4 for characterization of phosphate adsorption, and batch experiment was conducted using 50 ml conical tube. Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied based on adsorption equilibrium test of MIO by initial phosphate solution. Pseudo first order and pseudo second order models were applied for interpretation of kinetic model by temperature. Surface area and pore size of MIO were found $89.6m^2/g$ and 16 nm respectively. And, the determination coefficient ($R^2$) value of Langmuir model was 0.9779, which was comparatively higher than that of Freundlich isotherm model 0.9340.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.26 no.B
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• pp.83-92
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• 2006

A probabilistic analysis model. one of reliability analysis methods introducing the concept of variables, was developed to investigate the uncertainty of dominant factors influencing the degree of consolidation in the radial consolidation theories. Based on the developed probabilistic analysis model, sensitivity study of those factors was performed to find their trends of affecting the degree of consolidation in the vertical drain method. Various radial consolidation theories, proposed by Barron(1948), Hansbo(1979), Yoshikuni(1979) and Onoue(1988), were used for this parametric study with the influencing factors such as size of smear zone, reduction ratio of permeability in the smear zone, discharge capacity, permeability for horizontal flow and coefficient of consolidation for horizontal flow. As results of this sensitivity study, for the given consolidation theory, contribution of each factor to the degree of consolidation was figure out and compared to each other. For the given value of each factor, the sensitivity to the degree of consolidation in the various theories was evaluated and their applicability and limitations were assessed.