• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집 I
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• pp.93-96
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• 2003

In this paper, multiple trellis code is combined with differential unitary space-time modulation (DUSTM). After the set partitioning of unitary space-time constellation for multiple trellis code is described, several code constructed are provided. BER results are presented.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제49권8호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

직교코드를 다중화하여 데이터 비트열을 확산시켜 전송하는 멀티코드 대역확산 통신 시스템은 고속의 데이터 전송에도 높은 확산이득을 유지할 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 그러나 여러 코드의 합을 더해서 전송하는 송신기의 구조 상 송신기 출력의 진폭 변화가 커서 선형성이 좋은 증폭기가 요구된다는 단점이 있다. 이러한 단점을 극복하기 위하여 Walsh 코드를 확산코드로 사용하고 부호화 하는 방식을 사용하여 송신기 출력의 진폭을 일정하게 만드는 시스템이 제안되었으며, 최근에는 확장 m-시퀀스를 확산코드로 사용하는 정진폭 멀티코드 대역확산 통신 시스템이 제안되어 있다. 이 시스템에서 전체 코드집합을 4개로 분할하여 코드 선택을 하고 부호화하는 방식을 사용하면 송신기의 구조가 간단해지고 수신기에서 복호를 위한 연산량이 크게 감소한다. 코드집합 분할 방식을 적용한 확장 m-시퀀스 기반 시스템에서 정진폭 부호화를 위해 송신기에서 추가로 전송하는 동반 코드를 수신기에서 검출하여 다른 코드와 함께 패리티 검사를 함으로써 코드검출 오류를 보정하여 비트오율 성능을 개선시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존에 제안된 패리티 검사 기반 수신기에 비해 비트오율 성능이 우수한 개선된 패리티 검사 기반 수신기 구조를 제안하고, 시뮬레이션을 통하여 성능을 비교 분석하였다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.900-910
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• 2012

In this paper, a novel trellis-coded spatial modulation (TCSM) design method is presented and analyzed. Inspired by the key idea of trellis-coded modulation (TCM), the detailed analysis is firstly provided on the unequal error protection performance of spatial modulation constellation. Subsequently, the Ungerboeck set partitioning rule is proposed and applied to develop a general method to design the novel TCSM schemes. Different from the conventional TCSM approaches, the novel one based on the Ungerboeck set partitioning rule has similar properties as the classic TCM, which has simple but effective code design criteria. Moreover, the novel designed schemes are robust and adaptive to the generalized Rician fading channels, which outperform the traditional TCSM ones. For examples, the novel 4-, 8-, and 16-state TCSM schemes are constructed by employing different transmit antennas and different modulation schemes in different channel conditions. Simulation results clearly demonstrate the advantages of the novel TCSM schemes over the conventional ones.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.488-494
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• 2001

Many literatures, so far, have concentrated on approaches employing dependent coordinates set resulting in computational burden of constraint forces, which is needless in many cases. Some researchers developed methods to remove or calculate it efficiently. But systematic generation of the motion equation using independent coordinates set by Kane's equation is possible for any closed loop system. Independent velocity transformation method builds the smallest size of motion equation, but needs practically more complicated code implementation. In this study, dependent velocity matrix is systematically transformed into independent one using dependent-independent transformation matrix of each body group, and then motion equation free of constraint force is constructed. This method is compared with the other approach by counting the number of multiplications for car model with 15 d.o.f..

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권7호
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• pp.2625-2634
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• 2022

Discretization errors are extremely challenging conundrums of discrete ordinates calculations for radiation transport problems with void regions. In previous work, we have presented a multi-collision source method (MCS) to overcome discretization errors, but the efficiency needs to be improved. This paper proposes a goal-oriented algorithm for the MCS method to adaptively determine the partitioning of the geometry and dynamically change the angular quadrature in remaining iterations. The importance factor based on the adjoint transport calculation obtains the response function to get a problem-dependent, goal-oriented spatial decomposition. The difference in the scalar fluxes from one high-order quadrature set to a lower one provides the error estimation as a driving force behind the dynamic quadrature. The goal-oriented algorithm allows optimizing by using ray-tracing technology or high-order quadrature sets in the first few iterations and arranging the integration order of the remaining iterations from high to low. The algorithm has been implemented in the 3D transport code ARES and was tested on the Kobayashi benchmarks. The numerical results show a reduction in computation time on these problems for the same desired level of accuracy as compared to the standard ARES code, and it has clear advantages over the traditional MCS method in solving radiation transport problems with reflective boundary conditions.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.1792-1799
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• 1990

Two cases of block coded phase/frequncy modulations are investigated. minimum Euclidean distances are calculated as the function of modulation index h and rotation angle \ulcorner in the cases of 2-FSK/4-PSK and 2-FSK/8-PSK. Method of signal set partitioning is described, especially for the case of 2-FSK/8-PSK. The results are compared with S.I. Sayegh's work and shown better performance. For example, with simple parity check and repetition codes, we can get coding gain of 3 dB in the case of 2-FSK/4-PSK with block length n=4. We get 5.33 dB in the case of 2-FSK/8-PSK with n=4. And it is believed that we can get higher coding gain with proper combinations of block code and n-FSK/m-PSK type channel signal constellations.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2019

The IoT-driven large-scaled systems consist of connected things with on-chip executable embedded software. These light-weighted embedded things have limited hardware space, especially small size of on-chip flash memory. In addition, on-chip embedded software in flash memory is not easy to update in runtime to equip with latest services in IoT-driven applications. It is becoming important to develop light-weighted IoT devices with various software in the limited on-chip flash memory. The remote instruction execution in cloud via IoT connectivity enables to provide high performance software execution with unlimited software instruction in cloud and low-power streaming of instruction execution in IoT edge devices. In this paper, we propose a Cloud-IoT asymmetric structure for providing high performance instruction execution in cloud, still low power code executable thing in light-weighted IoT edge environment using remote instruction execution. We propose a simulated approach to determine efficient partitioning of software runtime in cloud and IoT edge. We evaluated the instruction cloudification using remote instruction by determining the execution time by the proposed structure. The cloud-connected instruction set simulator is newly introduced to emulate the behavior of the processor. Experimental results of the cloud-IoT connected software execution using remote instruction showed the feasibility of cloudification of on-chip code flash memory. The simulation environment for cloud-connected code execution successfully emulates architectural operations of on-chip flash memory in cloud so that the various software services in IoT can be accelerated and performed in low-power by cloudification of remote instruction execution. The execution time of the program is reduced by 50% and the memory space is reduced by 24% when the cloud-connected code execution is used.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.29-39
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 SOSTTC를 다중 안테나 시스템에 적용하고 ST SF STF 복호화 기법을 통해 효과적으로 신호를 검출하는 방법을 연계하여 주파수 선택적인 채널에서 성능 평가를 한다. 또한 성능 향상을 위해 제안된 시스템에 OFDM을 적용한다. 먼저 기본적인 두 개의 전송 안테나를 가진 SOSTTC-OFDM 시스템을 설명하고 기존의 시 공간 부호화된 OFDM과 성능을 비교한다. 이 시스템을 네 개의 전송 안테나 시스템으로 확장하고 기존의 ST SF STF-OFDM 기법에 SOSTTC를 적용하여 SOSTTC ST SF STF-OFDM 시스템을 설계한다. 이 시스템에 적합한 복호화 기법을 사용하여 효과적으로 신호가 검출됨을 평가하고, 또한 주파수 선택적 채널에서 도플러 주파수가 변화함에 따라 제안된 시스템의 성능을 확인한다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2005년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2005
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• pp.415-417
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• 2005

In order to retrieve the latent and sensible heat fluxes, high-resolution airborne imageries with visible, near infrared, and thermal infrared bands and ground-base meteorology measurements are utilized in this paper. The retrieval scheme is based on the balance of surface energy budget and momentum equations. There are three basic surface parameters including surface albedo $(\alpha)$, normalized difference vegetation index (NOVI) and surface kinetic temperature (TO). Lowtran 7 code is used to correct the atmosphere effect. The imageries were taken on 28 April and 5 May 2003. From the scattering plot of data set, we observed the extreme dry and wet pixels to derive the fitting of dry and wet controlled lines, respectively. Then the sensible heat and latent heat fluxes are derived from through a partitioning factor A. The retrieved latent and sensible heat fluxes are compared with in situ measurements, including eddy correlation and porometer measurements. It is shown that the retrieved fluxes from our scheme match with the measurements better than those derived from the S-SEBI model.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
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• 제31권5_6호
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• pp.321-327
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• 2004

SPIHT는 수행속도가 빠르고 효율적인 웨이블릿 기반의 이미지 압축 알고리즘으로 잘 알려져 있다. 그러나, SPIHT는 알고리즘을 수행하는 과정에서 발생하는 제로트리 및 계수의 상태를 저장하기 위하여 리스트 구조를 사용하고 있어 추가 메모리를 요구하며, 비트율의 증가에 따라 메모리 요구량이 증가하는 단점을 가진다. 본 논문에서는 SPIHT 알고리즘을 수행하는데 있어 추가 메모리를 요구하지 않는 MZC-BFS 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 기법은 peano 코드를 이용하여 완벽한 너비우선 순서에 따라 공간트리를 탐색하며, 부호화 과정에서 이전상태 중요계수 테스트 및 복원과정에서 계수의 LSB를 이용함으로써 SPIHT에서 리스트 문제를 제거한다. MZC-BFS는 SPIHT에 비하여 리스트를 사용하지 않기 때문에 하드웨어 구현이 간단하고 수행속도가 빠를 뿐 아니라 추가 메모리를 요구하지 않기 때문에 하드웨어 제작비용을 절감할 수 있다.