• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.159-163
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• 2004

본 연구는 한국의 서남해 연안의 새우 양식장을 대상으로 pH, 염분, 용존산소, 암모니아질소 및 황화수소와 같은 새우 양식장의 수질과 저질을 조사한 후, 새우 양식장의 수질과 저질을 개선할 수 있는 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 즉, 맑은 날씨와 흐린 날씨로 구분하여 현장의 새우 양식장에서의 용존산소의 일 변화를 측정한 결과, 정도의 차이는 있었으나 정오부터 오후 6시까지 증가하다가 점점 감소한 후 새벽 6시 경에 최소값을 보인 후 다시 점점 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이와 같은 결과는 새우 양식장의 관리가 취약한 새벽녘에 용존산소의 부족으로 인해 새우가 질식사 학 수 있으며, 계속적인 저 산소는 저질을 악화시켜 암모니아질소나 황화수소의 농도를 증가시킬 수 있음을 시사하므로 지나치게 용존산소가 낮은 경우와 용존산소가 지나치게 높은 경우에는 인위적 또는 자동적으로 용존산소를 조전할 필요가 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 또한, 현장의 새우 양식장에서의 암모니아 질소는 새우 양식장의 수질 기준을 초과하는 0.172-2.298 ppm으로 높게 나타나고 있었고, 황화수소 농도도 새우 양식장의 농도 기준을 훨씬 상회하는 0.075 ppm까지 나타나고 있어 암모니아질소의 생성 억제와 황화수소의 발생 억제가 새우 양식장의 수질관리에 있어 중요한 요인임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2000

The equipment of a landfill need whole cut off facilities so that leachate generated from the landfill primarily do not leak to the ocean. Also, the whole collected leachate need a consecutive clarification treatment to discharge. A method is considered the best among the three alternatives. The merits of this method are as follows; have no secondary pollution. can cut down the expense of treatment, have good effects on preventing external leakage, don't need a leachate well, reliable quality control and easy post management. The weaknesses of this method are as follows; need a thorough survey about underground water and quality of the soil, need a special process to use as the land.

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.361-371
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• 2000

A demand of marine outfall system has been much increased for the effective disposal of the wastewater due to population and industrial development at the coastal areas. The outfall system discharges primary or secondary treated effluent into the coastline, or at the deep water, or between these two. The discharge is carried out by constructing a pipeline on the sea bed with a diffuser or with a tunnel, risers and appropriate. The effluent, which has a density similar to that of fresh water, rises to the sea surface forming plume or jet, together with entraining the surrounding salt water and becomes very dilute. Thus there have been growing interests about plume behaviour around the outfall system. Plume or jet discharged from single-port or multi-port diffuser might cause certain impacts on coastal environment. Near field mixing characteristics of discharged water field using CORMIX model have been studied for effective outfall design various conditions on ambient current, depth, flow rate, effluent concentration, diffuser specification, port specification etc.. This kind of analysis is necessary to deal with water quality problems caused by the ocean discharge. The analyzed result was applied to the Pusan Jungang effluent outfall system plan.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.85.2-93
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• 2000

A demand of marine outfall system have been much increased for the effective disposal of the wastewater due to population and industrial development at the coastal areas. The outfall system discharges primary or secondary treated effluent into coastline or at the deep water, or between these two. The discharge is carried out by constructing a pipeline on the sea bed with a diffuser or with a tunnel, risers and appropriate. The effluent, which has a density similar to that of fresh water, rises to the sea surface forming plume or jet, together with entraining the surrounding salt water and becomes very dilute. Thus there have been growing interests about plume behaviour around the outfall system. Plume or jet discharged from single-port or multi-port diffuser might cause certain impacts on coastal environment. Near field mixing characteristics of discharged water field using CORMIX model with has been studied for effective outfall design various conditions on ambient current, depth, flow rate, effluent concentration, diffuser specification, port specification etc.. This kind of analysis is necessary to deal with water quality problems caused by the ocean discharge. The analyzed vesult was applied to the Pusan Jungang dffluent outfall system plan.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.1087-1095
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• 2016

The concepts of residence time and flushing time can be used to explain the exchange and transport of water or materials in a coastal sea. The application of these transport time scales are widespread in biological, hydrological, and geochemical studies. The water quality of the system crucially depends on the residence time and flushing time of a particle in the system. In this study, the residence and flushing time in Gamak Bay were calculated using the numerical model, EFDC, which includes a particle tracking module. The average residence time was 55 days in the inner bay, and the flushing time for Gamak Bay was about 44.8 days, according to the simulation. This means that it takes about 2 months for land and aquaculture generated particles to be transported out of Gamak Bay, which can lead to substances accumulating in the bay. These results show the relationships between the transport time scale and physical the properties of the embayment. The findings of this study will improves understanding of the water and material transport processes in Gamak Bay and will be important when assessing the potential impact of coastal development on water quality conditions.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2000

마산만의 오염물질 수지변화를 파악하여 하수처리장 건설 효과를 정량적으로 분석하였다. 하수처리장 건설에 의한 유역의 오염부하량 삭감효과는 명확한 것으로 추정되었으나, 해역의 수질개선에 미치는 영향은 그에 상응하는 오염부하량 증가로 인하여 뚜렷하게 효과를 보이고 있지 않은 것으로 추정되었다. 하수처리장 건설에 의한 마산만(I 영역)의 오염부하량 삭감효과는 COD, SS, TN, TP 항목의 경우 각각 17.6%, 68.9%, 66.7%, 38%에 해당된다. 반면, 진해만 북부 방류해역(II 영역)은 하수처리장 방류수의 직접적인 오염부하와 오염된 퇴적물에 의한 용출부하(간접적인 효과)가 가중되고 있다. 따라서, 하수처리장 건설로 인하여 방류해역의 환경은 오히려 악화되어 가고 있는 것으로 파악되었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.957-966
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• 2003

Gunsan coastal area is one of region increasing pollution problems. To improve water quality, the reduction of these nutrients loads should be indispensible. In this study, the three-dimensional numerical hydrodynamic and ecosystem model were applied to analyze the processes affecting the eutrophication. In field survey, the average concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus(DIP) at surface waters were found to be 0.43mg/$\ell$ and 0.03mg/$\ell$ respectively, which were exceeding second grade of water quality criteria. In hydrodynamic modelling, the comparison between the simulated and observed tidal ellipses showed fairly good agreement. The ecosystem model was calibrated with the observed data in study area. The simulated results of DIN were fairly good coincided with the observed values within relative error of 32.39%, correlation coefficient(r) of 0.99. In the case of DIP, the simulated results were fairly good coincided with the observed values within relative error of 24.26%, correlation coefficient(r) of 0.82. The simulations of DIN and DIP concentrations using ecosystem model were performed under the conditions of 20∼80% reductions for pollutant loading. At simulation results, concentration of DIN and DIP were reduced to 20∼80% and under 10% in case of the 80% reduction of pollutant loading, respectively.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.135-153
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• 2007

Temporal (seasonal) and spatial distributions and variations of various physico-chemical factors (salinity, temperature, pH, DO, COD, SPM, POC, silicate, DIP, DIN) in surface and bottom waters were studied in the coastal environment with typical macro-tidal range and monsoonal weather condition, Gyeonggi Bay, west coast of Korea. Spacial distribution patterns of these factors were generally similar to each other, and appeared to be inversely related to the distribution pattern of salinity, suggesting that water quality of the study area was primarily controlled by the physical mixing process of Han-River freshwater with nearby coastal seawater. During flooding season, silicate- and nitrogen-rich Han River water directly flowed into offshore as far as $20\sim30\;km$ from the river mouth, probably causing serious environmental problems such as eutrophication and unusual and/or noxious algal bloom, etc. Except the surface water during summer flooding season, high concentrations of nutrients appeared generally in dry season, whereas low values in spring, possibly because of the occurrence of spring phytoplankton bloom. On the other hand, nutrient flux through the estuary seems to be primarily depending on river discharge, sewage discharge and agricultural activities, especially during the rainy season. Also, nutrients in this coastal waters are considered to be supplied from the sediments of tidal-flats, which developed extensively around the Han-River mouth, especially during fall and winter of dry and low discharge seasons, possibly due to the stirring of tidal flat sediments with highly enriched pore-water nutrients by storm. And also, COD and DIN concentrations in the study area consistently increased during the last 20 years, probably because of agricultural activities and increasing discharge of industrial and domestic wastes.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.93-106
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• 2005

본 논문은 시화호 간척지의 지속가능한 개발을 위하여 이해당사자들이 의사결정과정에 참여하기 위한 체제와 구조, 그리고 절차를 개발하고자 시화호 유역에서 연안통합관리를 시행하는 과정에서 얻어진 문제점과 한계에 관하여 논하였다. 수질개선과 환경복원을 위해 2001년 수립된 시화호 종합관리계획의 시행평가를 통해 통합관리계획의 수립과 시행간의 격차를 감소시키기 위한 유용한 지침을 제공하고자 하였다. 시화호 간척지의 토지이용방식에 대한 이해당사자간 갈등을 해소하는 것은 이 지역의 연안통합관리에 가장 중요한 문제 중의 하나이다. 이를 위해서는 과학적인 평가를 통한 의사결정지원도구와 이해당사자의 관리역량을 강화하기 위한 프로그램을 마련하는 것이 시급하다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.369-382
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• 2003

Natural resources managers have considered the landscape without detailed consideration of aesthetic values of the landscape and geomorphological significance of unique landforms. Since EIA system was introduced in 1981, values associated with landscape protection have been neglected at best compared with those values traditionally attributed to environmental protection, including clean air, water quality and species protection. Black top highways are being built without consideration of harmful effects to the sea cliffs. Sea walls and tetrapod are being installed to protect the coastal towns and fish markets for tourist. However, beach itself are experiencing accelerated erosion due to the shortage of proper coastal engineering expertise. Hotels and condominiums are under construction on a massive scale around the national parks, which substitute the scenic ridges with concrete profiles. To protect the scenic beauty of national parks, their design and construction material should be more harmonious with the surroundings. Therefore, visual impact assessment should be applied both within the national park boundary and beyond to enhance the aesthetic values of national parks.