• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.720-727
• /
• 2005

This study was performed to advance nitrogen removal efficiency by employing an single biofilter packed with granular sulfur, which consists of nitrification occurring at upper part and denitrification at lower part of the reactor. Continuos nitrification/denitrification was carried out with different alkalinity sources, which were $NaHCO_3$ and $CaCO_3$(limestone). In the downflow nitrification/denitrification biofilter packed with granular sulfur, first, terms for nitrogen removal was decided. As results, nitrification and denitrification rate with NaHCO3 at 0.85 kg $NH_4^+-N/m^3{\cdot}d$ were accomplished $0.80kg\;N/m_3{\cdot}d$, $0.43kg\;N/m^3{\cdot}d$, respectively. In the sulfur/limestone packed downflow nitrification/denitrification biofilter, sulfur and limestone were mixed packed, preliminary test showed sulfur/limestone mixing ratio was 3:1 and that was ideal. In the result, nitrification and denitrification rate at $0.7kg\;NH_4^+-N/m^3{\cdot}d$ were accomplished$0.65kg\;N/m^3{\cdot}d$, $0.34kg\;N/m^3{\cdot}d$, respectively. In general, employing granular sulfur can be implemented for only denitrification, but this system can accomplish nitrification as well as denitrification in a single reactor even though low carbon concentration was present in influent limiting to nutrient removal process. This biofilter system of limestone and granular sulfur packed together can successfully apply for nutrient removal effectively.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.137-144
• /
• 2005

직접전단시험은 측방변위 구속형의 일면·단순전단시험과 측방변위 비구속형의 비들림 전단시험으로 대별된다. 현재까지도 가장 많이 사용되고 있는 직접전단시험은 시험기 및 시험방법과 결과의 해석 등에 몇 가지의 문제점이 있었으며, 특히 사질토에서는 강도가 과대하게 평가되는 등의 지적이 있었다. 또한 시험기구상의 제약으로부터 전단과정 중 진행성 파괴를 일으키는 점, 공시체내의 전단변형량과 전단응력이 일정하지 않기 때문에 전단변형량을 정의할 수 없는 점 등이 있다. 한편 단순전단시험은 직접전단시험의 장점을 그대로 가지면서, 공시체에 일정한 전단변형을 전달할 수 있기 때문에 전단에 대한 응력-변형량 관계를 얻을 수 있는 이상적인 시험법이라고 할 수 있다. 그러나 단순전단시험은 그 구조상, 시험기제작이 어려운 점 등 아직도 실용적인 시험기의 완성에는 도달하지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 간이 전단시험방법 및 시험기의 문제점을 개선한 개량형 일면전단 시험기의 제작과 일본 지반공학회 토질시험법의 기준화과정에서 얻은 시험결과를 바탕으로 시험기의 개요와 시험법의 개선, 정압조건의 시험결과에 대해 서술하였다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.153-161
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study is to understand Le Corbusier's idea of public and private spaces, and the hierarchical spatial structure in his multi-family housings. It investigates the origin of Le Corbusier's ideology about the public and private spaces in his multi-family housing projects. Precedents those influenced his ideas are two: first, Fourier's ideal community model $Phalanst\grave{e}re$; second, Monastery of Ema near Florence. In both cases, private and public spaces and intermediate spaces were in clear hierarchy and also in harmony. Le Corbusier focused on the interplay of individual and collective life. This study analyzed the spatial composition of Le Corbusier's three multi-family housing models. They are Immeubles-Villas of Ville contemporaine pour 3 millions d'habitants (1922), Immeubles-Villas at Pavillion of l'Esprit Nouveau (1925), Unite d'habitation at Marseille (1945). The three projects are different according to size and periodical characteristics. However, they followed his basic principle for spatial composition about multy-family housing. His 'method of harmony for public and private space' is as follows: first, the securing of clear personal space; second, the importance of the intermediate space; Third, the essential understanding of communal space. Through this study, it was reaffirmed that the 'multi-family housing is a space where individuals and the whole co-exist'.

• 정보관리연구
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.9-23
• /
• 1990

CD-ROM기술(技術)의 개발(開發)은 불과 10년이 채 안되었지만 그동안 비약적 발전을 거듭하여 여러 응용분야(應用分野)에서 활용되고 있다. 서지데이터는 물론 수치(數値), 음성(音聲), 영(映) 화상(畵像) 데이터를 초록형(抄錄型) 또는 전문형(全文型)으로 수록하여 도서관은 물론 기업체(企業體), 정보기관(情報機關) 등에 제공(提供), 활용(活用)하여 도서관(圖書館) 직원(職員), 정보전문가(情報專門家), 일반이용자(一般利用者)들에게 정보검색(情報檢索) 훈련용(訓練用)으로 쓰일 수 있게 되었다. 한 개 디스크를 액세스하기 위해 한 대의 디스크드라이브와 한 대의 컴퓨터를 필요(必要)로 했던 것에서 탈피하여 현재는 한 대의 드라이브로 여러 장의 CD-ROM을 검색(檢索)할 수 있고, 동시에 여러 명의 이용자가 다양한 정보(情報)를 액세스할 우 있는 이상적인 시스템인 CD-ROM LAN이 가능하게 되었다. 따라서, 본고(本稿)에서는 CO-ROM의 기능(機能)과 종류(種類), 특성(特性), 시스템구성(構成)과 데이터블록, 제작과정(製作過程)과 표준화(標準化) 그리고 CD-ROM LAN에 대해 살펴보았다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.657-667
• /
• 2001

This study was designed to develop a website for providing nutrition information and education for college women and young women. The website focuses on two topics ; general nutrition and desirable weight control. This program is located at http : // www.ezydiet.co.kr. This program is composed of 5 major sections. The first two sections were designed to provide information ; one for general nutrition, and the other for providing information regarding weight control. The first section includes information regarding young adult women's diet, nutrition standards, such as the RDA or Korean Food Pyramid, drinking and smoking. The second section coveres information regarding desirable control, foods with high or low calories, eating disorders and popularly used dieting methods. The third section is for simple nutrition assessment, consisting of assessment of ideal body weight and obesity, energy requirements, and eating habits. The fourth section was designed to introduce and help users to apply behavioral modification techniques, such as monitoring, goal setting, stimulus control and reinforcement. The final section was designed for meal planning, by introducing a food exchange list and menu examples for one week. The characteristics of this web-based program are as follows ; 1) provide nutrition information systematically, 2) involve sections for the participation of the user, 3) include food pictures to help understanding of nutrition information, 4) include management modules for some sections to revise or update the information. One-hundred and ten female university students participated in the evaluation of this website. The evaluation results were favorable. About 90% of subjects rated that this program covers major topics 'well ' or 'very well', and that it was 'easy'to 'very easy'to understand the contents on website. Two-thirds of subjects rated quite positively on questions regarding attractiveness, overall quality and technical quality of website. In addition, about three-fourths of subjects answered that this website was helpful in increasing nutrition knowledge and in applying nutrition information into daily life. These results suggested the possibility of using a website as a means of providing nutrition information and education for young adult women.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.205-214
• /
• 2014

Purpose: Phytosanitary irradiation treatment can effectively control regulated pests while maintaining produce quality. The objective of this study was to establish the best irradiation treatment for mangosteen, a popular tropical fruit, using a Monte Carlo simulation. Methods: Magnetic resonance image (MRI) data were used to generate a 3-D geometry to simulate dose distributions in a mangosteen using a radiation transport code (MCNP5). Microsoft Excel with visual basic application (VBA) was used to divide the image data into seed, flesh, and rind. Radiation energies used for the simulation were 10 MeV (high-energy) and 1.35 MeV (low-energy) for the electron beam, 5 MeV for X-rays, and 1.25 MeV for gamma rays from Co-60. Results: At 5 MeV X-rays and 1.25 MeV gamma rays, all areas (seeds, flesh, and rind) were irradiated ranging from 0.3 ~ 0.7 kGy. The average doses decreased as the number of fruit increased. For a 10 MeV electron beam, the dose distribution was biased: the dose for the rind where the electrons entered was $0.45{\pm}0.03$ kGy and the other side was $0.24 {\pm}0.10$ kGy. Use of an electron kinetic energy absorber improved the dose distribution in mangosteens. For the 1.35 MeV electron beam, the dose was shown only in the rind on the irradiated side; no significant dose was found in the flesh or seeds. One rotation of the fruit while in front of the beam improved the dose distribution around the entire rind. Conclusion: These results are invaluable for determining the ideal irradiation conditions for phytosanitary irradiation treatment of tropical fruit.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.145-152
• /
• 1981

산업폐수로부터 강력한 $\alpha$-amylase 생성능력을 가진 미생물을 분리하여 검토한 곁과 Bacillus속 (Bacillus Y-124)으로 판명되었으며, Bacillus Y-l24로부터 $\alpha$-amylase의 생산성을 최적화하기 위해 배양조건 및 생성된 효소의 안정성을 유지하기 위한 제반 영향들을 검토하였다. 기본 배지내의 casein 및 Ca-pantothenate의 첨가는 본 효소의 생산에 좋은 인자로 작용하였으며 calcium이온 역시 효소합성에 관여하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 (NH$_4$)$_2$HPO$_4$는 본 미생물의 효소생성 에 중요한 유기 질소원으로 작용하였다. 생성된 본 효소의 보존에 대한 안정성의 유지에는 calcium 및 sodium염의 영향이 컸으며 특히 CaCO$_3$ 및 $Na_2$SO$_4$의 첨가는 이 효소의 변성요인을 제거하는데 효과적인 보존제의 하나로 인식되 었다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제52권4호
• /
• pp.469-473
• /
• 2007

With the aim to analyze stability performance of six promising barley genotypes, eleven yield related characters were evaluated employing varied irrigation treatments under the tropical climate of Northern part in Bangladesh. Analysis of variance(ANOVA), phenotypic index, regression co-efficient(bi) and deviation from regression($s^2_d$) of the individual genotypes were estimated to evaluate the stable performance of the genotypes. A significant interaction was observed between the genotypes and irrigation period($G{\times}T$). Among all the genotypes, BSH-2 showed stable performance for plant height under different irrigation period, where $P>\bar{X},\;bi{\sim}1\;and\;s^2_d{\sim}0$. High phenotypic index, lower bi value and low deviations from regression were observed in case of spikelet number per spike and grain number per spike for genotype BSH-2 and plant height, spike length and harvest index per plant for BB-2 which suggest that those parameters were not usually affected by irrigation. On the other hand the genotype BSH-2 for tiller number and BB-1 for the fertile tiller number were not suitable for favorable moisture content, where $P<\bar{X},\;bi>1.0\;and\;low\;s^2_d$. Thus we suggest that genotype BSH-2 might have transmit high mean and increased phenotypic stability to the next progenies, which may consider as an ideal genotype for developing improved barely cultivars.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제17권9호
• /
• pp.157-164
• /
• 2012

최근 의료서비스 환경에서 진료정보 교류는 의료의 안정성 및 질 증대, 진료업무 효율성 향상, 의료기관 운영 효율성, 환자의 편의성 증대를 가져올 수 있는 필수 의료 서비스 모델이다. 하지만 의료기관별 정보화 수준이 다양하고, 표준화된 시스템이 마련되어 있지 않으며, 기관별로 서로 상이한 정보시스템이 구축되어 있어 실질적인 진료정보 교류가 어려운 상황이다. 이 논문에서는 국내 법제도 안에서 진료정보 교류를 활성화 하기위해 관련 기술표준 및 진료정보 교류 모델에 대해 분석하였고 이중 가장 이상적인 지연 응답 모델을 기반으로 보다 나은 성능 개선을 위하여 진료정보 교류 프레임워크를 설계하였다. 성능 개선 진료정보 교류 프레임워크는 진료정보 교류 시 메타데이터 플로우와 실제 CDA 문서 플로우를 구분하여 기존 지연 응답 모델 기반 시스템과의 성능 비교 실험 결과 약 24%의 성능 향상을 얻었다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.13-18
• /
• 1994

Sapwood samples of pitch pine were treated with disodium octaborate alone by dip-diffusion, or in combination with water-repellent preservative(WRP) and methyl metacrylate(MMA). Treated samples were subjected to an accelerated leaching test for determining the improvement of leaching resistance and to soft rot and mold tests for evaluating the increase in bioefficacy, due to the addition of WRP and MMA applied as a second treatment. The addition of WRP and MMA retarded leaching of boron to some extent from treated samples and this retardation can be explained by improved water repellency of WRP and MMA treated samples. Borate /WRP and borate /MMA systems will not qualify borate treated wood for ground and fresh water contact use but may improve performance of borate treated wood in above-ground applications not subjected to continuous wetting conditions. Bioefficacy against soft rot fungi and mold fungi was improved by a second treatment with WRP. However, improvement in the performance of borate /MMA systems was not observed. Considering improvement in both resistance of leaching and bioefficacy against micro fungi by the treatment of WRP and MMA, simultaneously, the dual treatment of borate treated wood by MMA containing co-biocides might be believed as an ideal treatment system.