• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1222-1227
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• 2009

In this paper, we proposed a new method, the CACH(Context-aware Clustering Hierarchy) algorithm in Mobile Ad-hoc Network(MANET) systems. The proposed CACH algorithm based on hybrid and clustering protocol that provide the reliable monitoring and control of a variety of environments for remote place. To improve the routing protocol in MANET, energy efficient routing protocol would be required as well as considering the mobility would be needed. The proposed analysis could help in defining the optimum depth of hierarchy architecture CACH utilize. Also, the proposed CACH could be used localized condition to enable adaptation and robustness for dynamic network topology protocol and this provide that our hierarchy to be resilient. As a result, our simulation results would show that a new method for CACH could find energy efficient depth of hierarchy of a cluster.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.13D no.2 s.105
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• pp.207-214
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• 2006

Though the number of completely sequenced genomes quickly grows in recent years, the methods to predict protein functions by homology from the genomes have not been used sufficiently. It has been a successful technique to construct an OPCs(Orthologous Protein Clusters) with the best reciprocal BLAST hits from multiple complete-genomes. But it takes time-consuming-processes to make the OPCs with manual work. We, here, propose an automatic method that clusters OPs(Orthologous Proteins) from multiple complete-genomes, which is, to be extended, based on INPARANOID which is an automatic program to detect OPs between two complete-genomes. We also Prove all possible clustering mathematically.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.401-409
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• 2009

Multivariate statistical approaches to classify sampling sites with measuring their similarity by water quality data and understand the characteristics of classified clusters have been discussed for the optimal water quality monitering network. For empirical study, data of two years (2005, 2006) at the 9 sampling sites with the combination of 2 depth levels and 7 important variables related to water quality is collected in Yongdam reservoir. The similarity among sampling sites is measured with Euclidean distances of water quality related variables and they are classified by hierarchical clustering method. The clustered sites are discussed with principal component variables in the view of the geographical characteristics of them and reducing the number of measuring sites. Nine sampling sites are clustered as follows; One cluster of 5, 6, and 7 sampling sites shows the characteristic of low water depth and main stream of water. The sites of 2 and 4 are clustered into the same group by characteristics of hydraulics which come from that of main stream. But their changing pattern of water quality looks like different since the site of 2 is near to dam. The sampling sites of 3, 8, and 9 are individually positioned due to the different tributary.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2011.06c
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• pp.195-197
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• 2011

This research deals with an issue of preventive medicine in bioinformatics. We can diagnose liver conditions reasonably well to prevent Liver Cirrhosis by classifying liver disorder patients into fatty liver and high risk groups. The classification proceeds in two steps. Classification rules are first built by clustering five attributes (MCV, ALP, ALT, ASP, and GGT) of blood test dataset provided by the UCI Repository. The clusters can be formed by the K-mean method that analyzes multi dimensional attributes. We analyze the properties of each cluster divided into fatty liver, high risk and normal classes. The classification rules are generated by the analysis. In this paper, we suggest a method to diagnosis and predict liver condition to alcoholic patient according to risk levels using the classification rule from the new results of blood test. The K-mean classifier has been found to be more accurate for the result of blood test and provides the risk of fatty liver to normal liver conditions.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.1114-1124
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• 1999

클러스터링은 동일한 클러스터에 속하는 데이타들 간에는 유사도가 크도록 하고 다른 클러스터에 속하는 데이타들 간에는 유사도가 작도록 주어진 데이타를 몇 개의 클러스터로 묶는 것이다. 어떤 대상을 기술하는 데이타는 수치 속성뿐만 아니라 정성적인 비수치 속성을 갖게 되고, 이들 속성값은 관측 오류, 불확실성, 주관적인 판정 등으로 인해서 정확한 값으로 주어지지 않고 애매한 값으로 주어지는 경우가 많다. 본 논문에서는 애매한 값을 퍼지값으로 표현하는 수치 속성과 비수치 속성을 포함한 데이타에 대한 비유사도 척도를 제안하고, 이 척도를 이용하여 퍼지값을 포함한 데이타에 대하여 퍼지 클러스터링하는 방법을 소개한 다음, 이를 이용한 실험 결과를 보인다. Abstract The objective of clustering is to group a set of data into some number of clusters in a way to minimize the similarity between data belonging to different clusters and to maximize the similarity between data belonging to the same cluster. Many data for real world objects consist of numeric attributes and non-numeric attributes whose values are fuzzily described due to observation error, uncertainty, subjective judgement, and so on. This paper proposes a dissimilarity measure applicable to such data and then introduces a fuzzy clustering method for such data using the proposed dissimilarity measure. It also presents some experiment results to show the applicability of the proposed clustering method and dissimilarity measure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.05b
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• pp.119-122
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to find problems of "Electricity equipmentand" and "Electricity practic II" tectbook applied in 6th Technical High School Curriculum and to make direction of "Power equipment II" textbook applied in 7th Technical High School Curriculum. The method of this study is questionnaire survey. 120 teachers of 40 schools were selected by cluster sampling method. The main findings of this study are as follow. 1) We should make the composition of textbook easy. 2)The illustration, photograph and drawing of textbook are fitted well. 3) "power equipment II" textbook applied in 7th Technical High School Curriculum would contented follows : lighting equipment, elevator equipment, broadcasting equipment, interphone equipment.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.373-379
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• 2015

In this paper, we propose an online VQ Codebook generation method for updating an existing VQ Codebook in real-time and adding to an existing cluster with newly created text data which are news paper, web pages, blogs, tweets and IoT data like sensor, machine. Without degrading the performance of the batch VQ Codebook to the existing data, it was able to take advantage of the newly added data by using a triangle inequality which modifying the VQ Codebook progressively show a high degree of accuracy and speed. The result of applying to test data showed that the performance is similar to the batch method.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.2287-2293
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• 2009

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) fingerprint analysis, Principle Components Analysis (PCA), and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were introduced for quality assessment of Curcuma longa L. (C. longa). The GC-MS fingerprint method was developed and validated by analyzing 33 batches of samples of C. longa from different geographic locations. 18 chromatographic peaks were selected as characteristic peaks and their relative peak areas (RPA) were calculated for quantitative expression. Two principal components (PCs) were extracted by PCA. C. longa collected from Guizhou and Fujian were separated from other samples by PC1, capturing 71.83% of variance. While, PC2 contributed for their further separation, capturing 11.13% of variance. HCA confirmed the result of PCA analysis. Therefore, GC-MS fingerprint study with chemometric techniques provides a very flexible and reliable method for quality assessment of C. longa.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.127-131
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• 2020

Fuzzy C-Means(FCM) algorithm is frequently used as a representative image segmentation method using clustering. FCM divides the image space into cluster regions with similar pixel values, which requires a lot of segmentation time. In particular, the processing speed problem for analyzing various patterns of the current users of the web is more important. To solve this speed problem, this paper proposes an improved FCM (Improved FCM : IFCM) algorithm for segmenting the image into the Otsu threshold and FCM. In the proposed method, the threshold that maximizes the variance between classes of Otsu is determined, applied to the FCM, and the image is segmented. Experiments show that IFCM improves performance by shortening image segmentation time compared to conventional FCM.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.35-51
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to provide information for research about residents' opinion toward the physical environments of elderly facilities, through the analysis and investigation on the research methodology of foreign academic journal articles from 1990 to 2014. The study results were as follows: Firstly, purposive sampling was a large majority of both facilities and elderly residents. In quantitative studies, many researchers have conducted simple random, cluster, or stratified sampling. Diverse facilities in area, size, location, and etc. should be considered for participation. The qualifications for residents' participation should be considered as well, so that they all could have autonomy for study participation. Secondly, questionnaire and semi-structured guide were likely to be used in independent and resident care facilities. On the other hand in assisted living and long-term care facilities, open questions and visual material were used as well. A compatible scale should be developed so that elderly having variable functional level could participate independently in the study. Thirdly, in data collection process, compliance with research ethics and well trained interviewer's skill were important for residents' active responses and minimization of response errors. Enough research period of time and mixed study in data collection will decrease the response error.