• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.683-689
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate physiological responses such as rectal temperature, skin temperature, micro climate, sweat rate and subjective sensations using cold protective clothing with five different clo value. The clo value was measured by thermal manikin in windless condition. Healthy five 20's males volunteered as subjects for wearing trial experiment. The climate chamber was controlled at $50^{\circ}C$, 65% RH. The experiment consisted of repeated exercise and recovery periods. We found that the higher clo value has, the higher mean skin temperature, micro climate and sweat rate show. They felt warm and wet with higher insulation clothing. Thermal comfort increased in the last recovery period after exercise. There was significant difference between five cold protective clothing. In correlation analysis of clo value, it showed that correlation coefficient(r) values were more than 0.8. Therefore, in terms of clothing insulation, we found that correlation between thermal manikin experiment and wearing trial experiment was high. Clothing insulation could be variable according to many factors such as body movement, covering area, clothing gap, layering and design. Considering the body movement, we thought that insulation measurement need to carry out both thermal manikin experiment and wearing trial experiment.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.55-68
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• 2014

The study aims to develop teaching and learning media to raise up learners' interests and understanding during clothing class by providing a clothing swatch materials and its guide for applying to the unit of clothing in technology and home economics subject in middle school. To do so, clothing swatch materials, study sheet and guide were developed, applied and then analyzed for their effects. In this study, in order to figure out effects of class using clothing swatch materials on learning interest, learning necessity, learning understanding and academic achievements, the experiment was conducted for comparing and analyzing the learning interest, learning acceptance attitude and academic achievement between experiment group with using clothing swatch materials and control group without using the materials. The results of the study are as follows: First, the experiment group using clothing swatch materials shows higher learning interest than the control group without materials. Second, the experiment group showed higher learning acceptance attitude than the control group. Third, the experiment group achieved higher academic accomplishments than the control group.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.646-660
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of the visual evaluation about Clothing form and the surface image of detail. This study consists of pre-experiment for selecting the method of expression among detail which shows difference of the image and main experiment for identifying the clothing image as clothing form and the suface image of detial. Main experiment is made of factorial design for three variables-clothing form (H-line, A-line, V-line, X-line), detail (frill, tape), direction (width, length). Questionaire consists of 24 semantic differential scale expressing clothing form and detail. The subjects were 100 female students majoring in clothing and textile.7he data were analyzed by Frequencey, Factor analysis, Anova, scheffe's test and MCA method. The major findings were; 1) The image of clothing form and the surface image of detail were composed of 5 factors; attractiveness, prettiness, attention, modern, young. 2) For the visual evaluation of clothing form as the surface image of detail, there were significant differences in prettiness and attention factors. For the pretty and attentive image, we should express by the image of frill. 3) For the visual evaluation of the image of detail as clothing forms variation, there were significant difference in prettiness by A-line and X-line. 4) For the effect of clothing form and the surface image of detail, main effect was significant in attractiveness, prettiness, attention, modern factor. For the pretty image of clothing, it will be expressed by the image of frill and A-line, X-line. For the attentive image of clothing, it will be expressed by the image of frill and V-line. For the modern image of clothing, it will be expressed by the image of tape and V-line.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.277-285
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• 2013

This study examines the wearing comfort of elderly women through a physiological analysis based on rectal temperature and biochemical analysis with salivary melatonin and cortisol. This study was conducted on 7 elderly women aged 65 or over. Two kinds of clothing ensemble (control and prototype) were used as experimental clothing. The control clothing was a general clothing ensemble and the prototype clothing lowered clothing pressure by adding an extra gap. The experimental schedule included daily living activities with randomly assigned experimental clothing. Rectal temperature was constantly measured every 5 minutes during the experiment and saliva samples for melatonin and cortisol were collected twice per day before and after sleep. The rectal temperature was lower for the prototype than the control throughout the experiment, and its circadian rhythm was prompt and clear in prototype. In addition, melatonin was secreted more but cortisol was secreted less when the subjects wore the prototype clothing. With these results, we assumed that regular circadian rhythm and low level of stress might be caused by wearing prototype clothing that lowered clothing pressure. The results demonstrate the necessity to develop clothing that considers body changes in elderly women.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 2010

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of clothing style and color of male casual wear on image perceptions and age evaluations. $4{\times}2$ (top color${\times}$trouser color) and $2{\times}3{\times}2$ (clothing style${\times}$clothing hue${\times}$clothing chroma) factorial designs were used as the experiment designs. Photoshop program was used to manipulate the clothing colors after creating photos of models wearing experiment clothing for stimulus. Subjects were 280 female college students from Seoul region and each subject responded to two stimuli. Factor analysis showed four factors of images of male casual wear; sociability, conspicuousness, softness and masculinity. Polo shirts were evaluated higher in sociability and softness than jumpers and nary blue trousers were evaluated higher in masculinity than beige trousers. High chroma clothing was assessed higher in sociability and conspicuousness than low chroma clothing. High chroma red jumpers displayed very sociable feel and low chroma blue jumpers displayed the lowest sociability. High chroma male clothing resulted in younger age perception but age was evaluated young when a black shirt was worn under the jacket when wearing a low chroma jacket.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.57-65
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• 1985

In the experiment with a basic material for the design of summer wear that comfort can be obtained in temperature, to get individual differences, clothing styles (slacks, skirt), material differences(T/C, cotton), and the contrast between when naked and dressed, when two healthy females were dressed four kinds of summer wear as an object of experiment under the regular warm temperature environmental condition (24, 28, 32, $36^{\circ}C$, $60\pm10\%$ RH), the measurement of physiological, phychological change was taken and the result goes as follow; 1. Mean skin temperature rose by clothing, body weight loss decreased below $32^{\circ}C$, thermal sensation changed toward low temperature by $2\~3^{\circ}C$. 2. Mean skin temperature, body weight loss, the lowest blood pressure above $32^{\circ}C$, under-clothing temperature, and thermal sensation increased when in slacks to be compared with when in skirt. 3. Ambient temperature had a great effect on mean skin temperature, body weight loss, respiration, clothing surface temperature, under-clothing temperature and humidity, thermal sensation, etc. 4. It was admitted that pulse, thermal sensation, comfort show different individuality. 5. It was recognized that the lowest blood pressure, clothing surface temperature, under. clothing humidity differ according to the kinds of clothing. 6. A comfortable ambient temperature in clothing summer wear was about $27\~28^{\circ}C$.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.843-850
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• 2010

To evaluate the heating performance of commercial heated vests, we investigated the thermal images and the temperature between body and vest for three heated vests. We captured infrared thermography by FT-IR Spectrometer to analyzed the heating temperature of the heating elements taken from the vests, and the maximum heating temperature of the vests was compared with thermal image in the room temperature($18^{\circ}C$). In outdoor experiment($-4.7^{\circ}C$), we measured the inner temperature as well as the thermal image of heated vests. Four healthy men participated in this experiment, and the ANOVA and Duncan test was performed for statistical analysis. As the results, the heating temperature range of the heated vests used in this experiment was $32{\sim}42^{\circ}C$, much lower than the displayed temperature range in their specifications, so the exact specification for heating performance of heated clothing was required. In comparisons of the heating performance among the heated vests, we found out that the insulation of clothing is very important to design the heated clothing, because the inner temperature of the vest had good insulation by itself was higher than that of the vest shown higher temperature over $7^{\circ}$ than another vests at the heating temperature.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2007

Ergonomic methods have been effectively applied to design and evaluation of functional clothing. The goals of the present study are to: (1) develop an ergonomic evaluation system for the systematic analysis of functional clothing and (2) examine the usefulness of the proposed evaluation system by applying to flame-proof clothing. Based on the survey of literature and the brainstorming of experts in clothing design and ergonomics, factors considered for clothing evaluation were selected, classified, and complemented, resulting in an ergonomic clothing evaluation system consisting of four factor categories (clothing construction, user, work and environment, and user response). Using the proposed system, a field survey and a laboratory experiment were conducted for flame-proof clothing to identify its design problems. The field survey to workers found a comprehensive set of problems on the flame-proof clothing design in terms of pattern, textile, and color. The laboratory experiment identified additional design problems using a questionnaire that was developed based on an analysis on the relationship between clothing design components and ergonomic evaluation measures. The present study showed the ergonomic evaluation system and the relationship analysis of clothing design components and ergonomic evaluation measures are of use to identify design problems of functional clothing in a comprehensive and analytic manner.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.582-593
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• 2002

Metal materials have been used in the clothing design on the spirit of ingenious experiment by fashion designers, and they have been put to practical use by several designers who work out a scheme of popular fashion merchandise. This current starting from the 1960s was weakened in the 1980s, but it was appeared with various shapes of metal materials in the 1990s due to a popularity of techno/cyber fashion. Recently, textile engineering technology causes to develop new-materials which are practical and sanitary. The development of fashionable metal materials brings about the popularization of fashion with metal materials, and it induces that mainstream of modem fashion has been changed into designers of pursuing the spirit of ingenious experiment. This study examines the formative characteristics of metal materials that are based on the spirit of ingenious experiment. As a result, it is evaluated that the formative of metal materials shown in modern fashion is futurism, visual concentration, avast-garde, resistance, precious.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.22
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• pp.333-344
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• 1994

In this study an experiment was made using the function of computer simulation os to whether the phenomenon of optical illusion takes place also in clothing on the human body three-dimensional space through the case study of the Gestalt illusion of planar con-traction and expension by amodal completion in perceptual organization. One woman of latter 30s was selected as the experimental subject. She was made to wear the experimental clothing and then the frontal picture was projected of in the experimental clothing which was scanned into the com-puter. For the sake of the contractive experiment 5 stages were divided by 5-15cm the thick-nes of the black vertical line in the center of the upper garmet as the variable and for the sake of the expansive experiment the skirt length was set as the variable. It length measured 50-90cm which was divided by 10cm into 5 stages and simulated using the CAD. The basic design and the experimental de-sign were made one pair and the pictures totalled 20 pictures such as ten pictures save the human body for the estimation of the up-per garmet alone and ten pictures for the ob-servation of the effect on the human body. The extimating panel consisting of 20 panellers estimated contraction/expansion in the estimation of the upper garmet and the tall effect/the slim effect in the estimation of optical illusion as the estimating factors on the 9-point scale. All the date from experiment were analyzed by ANOVA(analysis of variance) and DUNCAN'S multiple range. As a result the experimental designs all showed a significant optical illusion in comparision with the basic design.