• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.167-180
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• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this paper is to extinguish the debates surrounding the sentences found in Suwen Kailun that deal with flocking to stomach and closure in lung. The paper seeks to do this through studying the assertions of historical doctors and their theories regarding the topic. Methods : The interpretations of annotators regarding these sentences were studied, and text DB was searched to collect and analyze materials related to the theories of the relationship between stomach and lung. Results : The sentences of flocking to stomach and closure in lung, judging from their contexts, seem to be related to the symptom of Sanjiao ke or Liufu ke. However, they may be pointing to internal organs' ke as a whole based on the close relationship between stomach and lung. They could mean either the abnormality of mechanism of stomach and lung could cuase ke or that Zhuoqi could accumulate inside of stomach to cause phlegm-fluids thereby blocking thorax and causing cough. Theory of Warm disease, too, provides a number of treatment suggestions for stomach, lung damages such as supporting Yin and dispersing dampness. Conclusions : The study of the sentences regarding flocking to tomach and closure in lung is expected to not only provide an analysis of the sentences, but also provide a perspective and a method for clinical treatments.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.231-235
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• 1990

Segmental resection or wedge resection of the lung and direct cutting across of bronchi frequently results in postoperative airleaks or bronchopleural fistula in some cases. Many methods have been devised to handle air leak problems by oversuturing the raw edges, the application of pleural onlay flaps, the use of cautery or tissue adhesives, but these still has not solved the problem of air leaking from raw surfaces of the lung with only partial successful we have tried the use of histoacryl to closure the raw surface of the resected lung and compared it’s results with of the closure with chromic catgut sutures in cats from May 1989 to Jan. 1990 at the department of the thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, Yonsei University, College of Medicine. Ninety lobe of the lungs were used in this study and forty nine of which have been divided segmentally and closed with histoacryl on the raw surfaces. Forty one of which have been divided segmentally and closed with sutures using chromic catgut for control. There were air leakages in twelve cases among 49 cases with applying histoacryl and airleak were in two cases among 12 cases with reapply histoacryl, But there were air leak in two cases among 41 cases with sutures using chromic catgut and airleak were in one case among with resutures using chromic catgut.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.238-240
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• 1994

We performed post-operative hemodynamic evaluation and lung perfusion scan after left lung transplantation in dog. The heart & lungs were extracted from donor dog while the both lungs were flushed with 4oC Euro-Collin`s solution after heparinization & infusion of prostaglandin E1.In the recipient dog, anastomosis of the left atrial cuff was performed by continuous 4-0 Prolene everted suture, and bronchial anastomosis by telescope method with 4-0 Prolene continuous suture. The end-to-end anastomosis of left main pulmonary arteries was performed with continuous 6-0 Prolene suture. After closure of left thoracotomy incision, the lung perfusion scan was performed post operative 2 days for evaluation of the function of the transplanted lung which showed good perfusion. The dog was sacrificed in the post-operative 5 days for autopsy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.153-155
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• 2013

A 57-year-old man was diagnosed with lung cancer and underwent pneumonectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection. He was discharged without acute complications, but on a regular outpatient follow-up, he was readmitted with postpneumonectomy empyema. He was successfully treated with a vacuum-assisted closure device and for 1 year period of outpatient follow-up, there was no recurrence of empyema or lung cancer.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.531-536
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• 1984

Bochdalek hernia is common in infants and children, but extremely rare is adults. So diagnosis and treatment have been many problems. These are case reports of Bochdalek hernia in adults which were evaluated and corrected at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University during the past 7 years from June 1976 to August 1983. 1.Among the three cases, one was male and the others were female. 2.At first, they were diagnosed as G-I or respiratory disorders and treated symptomatically. But confirmed with UGI and barium enema. 3.All cases had ipsilateral hypoplasia of entire lung or lower lobe as combined anomaly and corrected as simple closure in two cases, pericardial patch closure in one case. 4.Postoperative course was smooth and uneventful.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 1979

The present study reports 41 cases of congenital and acquired heart diseases, who received open heart surgery under extracorporeal circulation [ECC] by Sarns Heart-Lung-Machine [HLM] at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital during the` period between July 1975 and February 1979. The priming of pump oxygenator was carried out by the hemodilution method using Hartman`s solution, whole blood, and fresh human plasma. The rate of hemodilution was in the average of 50.8 ml/kg. ECC was performed at the average perfusion flow rate of 85.0 ml/kg/min [2.43 L./ kg/2] and at moderate hypothermia. In the total cardiopulmonary bypass, arterial pressure ranged between 55 mmHg and 90 mmHg, but generally maintaining over 70 mmHg. Patient age ranged between 2 and 54 year old, in congenital heart diseases, between 2 and 28, in acquired heart diseases, between 17 and 54 Sex ratio of male to female was 20:21. The cases include a case of pulmonary valvular stenosis, 4 cases of atrial septal defect, 9 cases of ventricular septal defect, 9 cases of tetralogy of Fallot, 5 cases of pentalogy of Fallot, 3 cases of atypical multiple anomalies 7 cases of mitral stenosis or insufficiency, a case of myxoma in left atrium, and a case of ruptured aneurysm of Valsalva`s sinus. The surgical managements were 16 valvulotomy for pulmonary valvular stenosis, 2 Teflon patch graft closure and 5 simple suture closure of atrial septal defect, 16 Teflon patch graft closure and 5 simple suture closure of ventricular septal defect, 12 pericardial patch graft for infundibular stenosis of right ventricle, one anastomosis between left superior vena cava and right atrium, 2 open mitral commissurotomy, 5 mitral valve replacement using Starr-Edward`s ball valve, porcine xenograft by Hancock, by Carpentier-Edward, or Angell-Shiley, one removal of left atrial myxoma, and a repair of ruptured aneurysm of Valsalva`s sinus. Four [9.7%] out 41 cases expired postoperatively and the rest of 37 cases survived with satisfactory results. The causes of death were one coronary embolism in tetralogy of Fallot, 2 postoperative lower cardiac output in atypical multiple anomalies, and one right heart failure in large: ventricular septal defect with pulmonary hypertension.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.782-791
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• 1991

In Pusan Paik Hospital, Inje University, we experienced 174 cases of pulmonary resections for pulmonary tuberculosis from Jun. 1979 to Feb. 1990. In all of them automatic stapling devices were used for division of lung parenchyme and /or bronchial closure. The results were as follows; l. In 174 cases[male 100, female 74], third and fourth decades were 116 cases [66.7%]. 2. Indications for lung resection in the radiographic findings were destroyed lung 47 cases[27.0%], destroyed lobe 42 cases[24.1%], cavitary lesions 42 cases[24.1%], tuberculoma 22 cases[12.7%], and bronchial lesions 21 cases[12.1%]. 3. The mean of staplers used in the operations was 1.6, and possible stapler-associated complications were only 2 cases of bronchopleural fistula after pneumonectomy. 4. Twenty-seven of 36 patients with bilateral lesions and 52 of unilateral ones on chest X-ray films were AFB positive on preoperative sputum smears. Twenty-three[85.2%] of bilateral lesions and 51[98.1%] of unilateral ones were AFB negative at 6 months after operations. 5. Main complications of resections were operative death 1[0.6%], empyema 4[2.3%], respiratory insufficiency 3[1.7%], pleural dead space 5[2.9%], and bronchial spreading of tuberculosis 2[1.1%]. Bronchopleural fistula were only 2 cases after pneumonectomy and none after lobectomy or segmentectomy. 6. One hundred and forty two patients[92.8%] of 153 with available follow-up data were in the state of good quality of life.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.1167-1174
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• 1997

We retrospectively reviewed a series of 20 patients treated with delayed sternal closure during a 5-year period from 1991 to 1996. Of the 2675 patients with cardiovascular su gery 20 underwent this procedure. Male and female ratio was 11:9, mean age was 6.4 months(range 7 days to 5 years). The indications included unstable hemodynamic profiles after open heart surgery due to myocardial edema and poor lung compliance(15), necessity of mechanical ventricular assist device due to weaning failure(3), and hypoxia after PAB(2). Sternum was closed at a mean interval of 102(range 4 to 213) hours after operation. During delayed sternal closure, central venous pressure was elevated(p<0.05). Mediastinitis and other wound problems did not occur. Sepsis developed in 2 patients and microorganism was confirmed in one of the two patients. Five patients died(mortality 25%). And two of 15 discharged patients died during follow-up period. Cumulative survival rate was 65.0% at 12 months and also 65.0% at 24 months.(Standard error was 10.7%) Delayed sternal closure Is considered to be a good method to decompress the hemodynamically compromised heart. Without that, it is not f asible to come off bypass or to decompress the heart. Of course. careful selection of the indication is imperative.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.909-914
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• 2011

An improved convergent and economical method has been developed for the synthesis of erlotinib, a 4-anilinoquinazoline and an EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor for treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. The final two steps for the formation of this 4-anilinoquinazoline from suitable 2-aminobenzonitrile intermediate and 3-ethynylaniline were modified and were performed in a simple one-pot reaction. The ring-closing mechanism for the formation of erlotinib from the suitable formamidine intermediate and 3-ethynylaniline was investigated and determined to proceed via the formation of phenyl benzamidine intermediate rather than involving Dimroth rearrangement reported earlier. The new benzamidine intermediate was isolated for the first time and characterized.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.260-265
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• 2018

Background: A method of wound closure using knotless suture material in the chest tube site has been introduced at our center, and is now widely used as the primary method of closing chest tube wounds in video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) because it provides cosmetic benefits and causes less pain. Methods: We included 109 patients who underwent VATS pulmonary resection at Samsung Medical Center from October 1 to October 31, 2016. Eighty-five patients underwent VATS pulmonary resection with chest drain wound closure utilizing knotless suture material, and 24 patients underwent VATS pulmonary resection with chest drain wound closure by the conventional method. Complications related to the chest drain wound were compared between the 2 groups. Results: There were 2 cases of pneumothorax after chest tube removal in both groups (8.3% in the conventional group, 2.3% in the knotless suture group; p=0.172) and there was 1 case of wound discharge due to wound dehiscence in the knotless suture group (0% in the conventional group, 1.2% in the knotless suture group; p=0.453). There was no reported case of chest tube dislodgement in either group. The complication rates were non-significantly different between the 2 groups. Conclusion: The results for the complication rates of this new chest drain wound closure method suggest that this method is not inferior to the conventional method. Chest drain wound closure using knotless suture material is feasible based on the short-term results of the complication rate.