• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.351-362
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate and compare the degree of professional self -concept (PSC) of the psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNP) in hospitals and public health centers and to identify the factors predicting PSC of them, in order to provide basic data for developing PSC increasing program PSC. The 355 PMHNP were sampled from the university or general hospitals. mental hospitals, community mental health centers and public health centers across the country. The scales used in this study were PSCNI by Arthur (1990), PSI by Heppner & Petersen (1982) and the Index of work satisfaction by Slavitt et al. (1978). The results of the study were as follows : 1. The average item score of PSCNI of PMHNP in hospitals was $2.83\pm0.27$, and that of PMHNP in public health centers was $2.76\pm0.28$. There was significantly different between two groups (p=0.0202) 2. A comparison of the scores for the dimensions of the PSCNI were as follows ; the mean item score of professional practice of nurses in hospital was $2.90\pm0.30$, and that in public health centers was $2.83\pm0.35$. There were significant differences between two groups in the scores of professional practices (p=0.0315), leadership (p=0.0071) and skills (p=0.0231). 3. There were significant differences between two groups according to education (p=0.0057) with no significant interaction effect of group and education. 4. Job satisfaction (JS) was the highest factor predicting PSC of PMHNP in hospitals $(34.5\%)$, and problem solving inventory score (PS) was the highest factor predicting PSC of PMHNP in public health centers $(33.6\%)$. JS and PS accounted for $42.6\%$ in PSC of PMHNP in hospitals. and PS, JS, age, marital status, religion, and career accounted for $57.6\%$ in PSC of PMHNP in public health centers. In the light of these results. to gam the professional self-concept. nurses should be educated continuously through role modeling in clinical nursing and research. Also, nurse educators and administrators need to develop programs and policies to increase professional self-concept of nurses, particularly of community PMHNP.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.709-717
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• 2008

$Ch\acute{e}n\;Xiuyu\acute{a}n$(陳修園) was a famous doctor and educator of the late Tang Dynasty. He was well known both for his books for beginners, and for his unique medical theories based on his profound research of <$Sh\bar{a}ngh\acute{a}nl\grave{u}n$(傷寒論)> and <$J\bar{i}nku\grave{i}y\grave{a}ol\ddot{u}e$>. He wrote <$Y\bar{i}xues\bar{a}nz\grave{i}j\bar{i}ng$(醫學三字經)> to establish the basic textbook for the beginners to set up right principles in pursuing their medical career. <$Y\bar{i}xues\bar{a}nz\grave{i}j\bar{i}ng$> was written in rhyme form, so that it can be easily memorized and used in future practices. There are quite many medical books in rhyme form, but this book is very unique as $Ch\acute{e}n\;Xiuyu\acute{a}n$ annotated his own notes, which is rare in this form of books. This feature makes <$Y\bar{i}xues\bar{a}nz\grave{i}j\bar{i}ng$> very outstanding, also with the fact that $Ch\acute{e}n\;Xiuyu\acute{a}n$ was the one with profound understanding and original theories based on medical bibles such as <$N\grave{e}ij\bar{i}ng$(內經)> and <$Sh\bar{a}ngh\acute{a}nl\grave{u}n$(傷寒論)>. We have translated this precious educational material into korean, hoping that this work could be of any help to students of korean medicine. And while doing this work, we have found followings: <$Y\bar{i}xues\bar{a}nz\grave{i}j\bar{i}ng$> covers the entire fields of medicine from theoretical discussions to practical clinical information. Nevertheless, as this is written in rhyme form, there are few phrases that are not easily understood for the sake of rhyme. Beginners probably may have difficulties in reading this book. To make this difficulty alleviated, and to develop our own educational material, we need to study further on the notes that $Ch\acute{e}n\;Xiuyu\acute{a}n$ annotated himself.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.3931-3942
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• 2009

This study as a descriptive survey was to investigate recognition and attitudes on ethical issues for DNR of 119 rescue party who are working on the field, and to develop an objective framework which helps rescue team to manage DNR patients. Data were collected from the structured questionnaire, and subject were 226 rescue party in Jeollabuk-do area in Korea. Study was practiced from May 6 through June 20, 2009, and the data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, $x^2$-test, crosstabs using SPSS Win 12.0. The results indicated that ethical attitudes on subjects' factors(sex, age, religion, marital status, clinical working career, current working area, current position, educational experiences for ethics and values, DNR education places, DNR implication experience, and DNR consulting demands) were statistically significant. Therefore, following researches will be necessary in order to consider measures about DNR based on this study.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.415-426
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• 2016

With a rapidly increasing number of foreign patients in Korea, it is necessary to manage and enhance the quality of nursing care for foreign inpatients through the promotion of studies on practical nursing care experience. This study is a qualitative study conducted to understand and describe the care experiences of nurses responsible for non-English speaking foreign inpatients. There were 10 nurses with a clinical career of more than two years included in this study for analysis. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Five themes emerged from the analysis. 'Aware of cultural differences', 'establish trusting relationships through all my heart', 'additional nursing task', 'empathy for genuine nursing', 'sorriness and relieved'. The results of this study provided the understanding on the experiences of nurses, who do not speak English, but still responsible for providing care to foreign inpatients. Despite the language barrier, cultural differences, and work overload, nurses caring for foreign patients struggled with authenticity in nursing. On the other hand, as there was a lack of system resources, such as manuals and training materials in various languages other than English, institutions should put forth greater effort and resources to be prepared to care for foreign inpatients.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.543-559
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• 2009

Dr Lillehei (1918$\sim$1999) pioneered cardiac surgery with his landmark operations using cross-circulation in 1954 and 1955. With his dedications to open heart surgery, he is generally considered to be the father of open heart surgery by many medical historians. Dr Lillehei expanded his contributions to cardiac surgery with training 134 cardiothoracic surgeons at the University of Minnesota Hospital and he trained an additional 20 surgeons at the Cornell Medical Center. Dr Lillehei's trainees came from all over the world and Dr YK lee (1921$\sim$1994) of Seoul National University was among them. He joined the University of Minnesota Hospital in 1957 as a part of the Minnesota project. During his stay for two years, in addition to experimental research, he learned clinical cardiac surgery as part of Dr Lillehei's team. In 1959, after returning to Korea, Dr Lee began his career as. a full-time cardiac surgeon with establishing the Division of Cardiac Surgery at Seoul National University. Hospital. Yet he encountered many difficult barriers in the process. During that time, Dr Lillehei was willing to share his experience and he provided many valuable resources for cardiac operations. With Dr Lillehei's kind help, the open heart surgery program was gradually and successfully established at Seoul National University Hospital. These two surgical titans from across the Pacific Ocean died in 1994 (Dr Lee) and 1999 (Dr Lillehei). They are gone, yet the proud Korean people have not forgotten them.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the work and turnover of dental hygienists in a bid to find out problems with them and feasible reform measures. The subjects in this study were 383 dental hygienists, on whom a self-administered survey was conducted in May and June, 2010. Concerning the work of the dental hygienists by the type of dental institution, the largest group placed importance on treatment cooperation as the major duty. Both of the dental clinic(54.3%) and the dental hospital employees(30.0%) faced the most difficulties in providing treatment counseling. As to the work awareness of the dental hygienists by career, the greatest group gave weight to treatment cooperation as the major duty, and the gaps in that aspect were statistically significant (p<.05). In dental clinics, working conditions (27.2%) and in dental hospitals, salary increase (37.1%) should be given top priority for improvement. The most common reasons for which dental hygienists changed theirs jobs were significantly different between dental clinics and dental hospitals: discord with supervisors (39.3%) in dental clinics and dissatisfaction with the salary (28.6%) in dental hospitals. The difference between the two results were statistically significant (p<.05). These findings indicate that independent working and improvement in working conditions of dental hygienists are urgently needed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.85-102
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• 1982

The current employment status among young home economists and perspectives in occupations for prospective Home Economics graduates were explored in this study which utilized information from 17 to 21 colleges in Korea and colleges in the United States during the five years of 1977∼1981. The Home Economics content areas covered in this study were Clothing and Textiles, Foods and Nutrition, Housing and Interior Design, and Child Development and Family Life. The highest percentage of Korean graduates in Clothing and Textiles was employed either as teachers at the junior high school level or as designers in the clothing and textile industries. Quite a number of the graduates were engaged in further studies at the graduate level. Korean graduates with a master's degree were teaching at the college level and some had furthered their studies at the doctorate level either here or abroad. Koreans with a bachelor's degree in Foods and Nutrition held jobs as teachers in junior high school, dieticians at mass feeding institutions and hospitals, food scientists in food industries, and researchers in institutions. Those with a master's degree were teaching at the college level. Americans with a bachelor's degree worked as dieticians, supervisors in restaurants and institutions, extension workers, researchers at various facilities, teachers and clerks. Americans with a master's or doctorate degree were engaged in teaching at colleges or supervising at research or working as extension specialists. In general, Korean graduates were found to hold positions in less varied areas than their American counter-parts. Among forty-nine graduates those working in their professional field reported less sex discrimination that those working in other fields. The major area of employment in Housing and Interior Design or Home Management graduates in Korea was teaching while in the United States it was extension work, business, governmental work and teaching. It was suggested that in the future, career development in Korea be further explored to include extension service, research, social welfare, financial planning, business, free-lancing, funeral home, home-call, and correctional education. Interviews with executives from 6 business enterprises indicated that most of them were aware of the potential contribution home economists could make for their companies but they expressed a negative attitude towards women in general due to their short stay on the job. Jobs held by Child Development and Family Life majors with a bachelor's degree in Korea were mostly teaching positions in public, junior and senior high school. However, jobs such as nursery school teaching, working in clinical setting, business, and teaching at public, junior and senior high school predominated in the United states. Most Korean graduates with a master's degree were teaching in professional colleges while in the United Stated the job variation among the graduates was rather evenly distributed among teaching at college level, public and high school, nursery school and administration areas. Reports from 7 child development majors on the job indicated that they were paid less that secretarial workers. Only half of them were working in their major area and these expressed satisfaction with their work. Two thirds of the respondents indicated no sex discrimination. It was suggested that in the future Child Development and Family Life majors pursue employment in counseling, guidance, recreation, mass media, administration and outreach work as well as education, research and parent education in services for children, teen-agers, adults and families.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.79-88
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between death recognition, terminal care stress, terminal care performance, and other influencing factors of terminal care performance in terminal care hospital nurses. Two hundred forty nurses working in 11 hospitals for the elderly located in G, N, C city were surveyed. They were asked to complete three questionnaires: one on death recognition, one on terminal care stress, and a final one on terminal care performance. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise regression using SAS 9.1. The findings suggest that the nurses' own mental and occupational stress was the cause of many difficulties in the practice of end-of-life care, where the nurse will often experience the death patients, which results in increased dysentery stress. There was a negative correlation between species stress and terminal care performance. Death recognition and terminal care stress were correlated with terminal care performance. The results suggest that the longer the clinical experience, the higher the quality of terminal care performance. Therefore, it is suggested that terminal care should be performed considering the longevity of the careers career and their death tendency. Further to this study, it is necessary to find out how to reduce stress and to evaluate other variables affecting the care of the patient.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.97-119
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• 1991

Korea has made a rapid economic development since the last three decades. This has helped Korea narrow the gap in health service differences in resource availability and in quality of care. However urban and rural differentials are still remarkable. This study has maintained that health status of rural residents is inferior to that of urban dwellers. Therefore, this study was carried out to develop policy measures for improving health services in rural areas. In order to achieve the objective of this study the authors collaborated closely and made field visits, interviews and conducted an extensive literature review regarding rural health services. The following policy options are recommended as a summary ; First, the quality of rural health personnel is a single most important factor influencing the level of rural health services. An innovative program for public health doctors to the internship and/or residency training program such as specialty board program of family medicine. Second, dissatisfaction regarding employment of public health doctors is problematic. More rational employment and deployment programs are needed to meet their personal desire. One way to do this is to make it wide open and competitive. Third this study shows how to increase physician productivity in the rural public health sector. Incentive system needs to be elaborated for the career development of rural health workers. University linked job opportunity as clinical professor is an example. Fourth, without straightening the function of health centers and subcenters, the future of rural health services is doomed to failure. Straightening primary health care is one way to enrich the program of public health facilities and reactivating the operation of health center/hospital is another. A close linkage of public facilities with private hospitals is a minimum requirement for the operation of health delivery system within a health district. Fifth, some measures are urgently required to enhance hospital services in medically underserved areas. Financial subsidy, tax exemption, long-term public loans and higher priority of health manpower deployment are some of them. Sixth, new health programs should be in tiated to meet changing needs of peoples in rural areas. Home health care program, hospice program, nursing home, residential program for the elderly are recommended.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-40
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• 2005

This study investigated the relationship among home care nurses' perception of ethical values and conflicts and job satisfaction. The subjects of the study were 257 home care nurses working at 101 institutions involved in home care practice, the data were collected between December 28, 2004 February 14, 2005. The instruments were perception of ethical values, ethical conflicts, and job satisfaction and it was revised by the author. The reliability of Cronbach's a was .74, .93, .85, respectively. SAS 8.0 program was used to analyze the data, and frequency, percentage, unpaired t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff\`{e}$ test, and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient were calculated for data analysis. Followings are the results of the study: The scores of home care nurses' perception of ethical values were average 3.8points (5points scale). There was no significant difference between the groups according to general characteristics such as age (P=.001), religions (P=.001), ethical standard (P=.018), and current job satisfaction (P=.000). The scores of home care nurses' ethical conflicts were average 2.9points (5points scale). There was significant difference according to pay (P=.008) and employment status (P=.001) of general characteristics; conflicts was showed to go up with higher pay and temporary employment status. The scores of home care nurses' job satisfaction were average 3.3points (5points scale). There was significant difference among the groups according to age (P=.023), pay (P=.001), job career of home care (P=.030), and current job satisfaction (P=.000) of the general characteristics. There was significant positive correlation between subject's perception of ethical values and ethical conflicts (P=.004) and perception of ethical values and job satisfaction (P=.005). However, ethical conflicts and job satisfaction (P=.772) showed negative correlation, but it was not significant. With the results, home care nurses showed firm perception of ethical values and relatively higher job satisfaction. However, they showed ethical conflicts regarding the lack of administrative support and dignity of human life. In conclusion, It requires some alternative measures to solve the ethical conflicts and to enhance job satisfaction of home care nurses through the support in policy, continuous ethics education, rewarding system, and introducing laws to protect individual home care nurses.