• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.1465-1471
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• 2004

A trial was conducted to determine the effect of abrasive strips and abrasive paint in layer cages on claw length and claw sharpness, foot condition, feather cover and mortality of hens. During the preparation of the cages for the experiment it was simpler and took less time to apply the pre-prepared paint with a spatula to the egg guard compared to sticking the abrasive strips onto the egg guard. Fitting the strips took longer because it had to be cut from a 25 mm roll, cut into the appropriate lengths, the tape backing removed and then stuck onto the egg guard section. Abrasive paint was more effective as a claw shortener than abrasive strips. The birds using the abrasive paint had the shortest (p<0.05) claw length and lowest (p<0.05) claw sharpness. One of the original reasons for reducing claw length with claw shorteners was to reduce mortality by minimising skin skin abrasions caused by the claws. Surprisingly hen mortality from prolapse and cannibalism was higher (p<0.05) in cages fitted with abrasives. There are no other reports in the literature showing an increase in prolapse and cannibalism from hens using abrasives.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2014

A claw pole stepping motor is widely used in various fields such as a compact optical disk drive, computer peripherals, digital cameras, office automation(OA), handheld mobile devices, because it has the suitable structure for compact motor. However 3D analysis is essential for design of Claw pole stepping motor because of axial flux path. Thus, in general, it takes a lot of time in the design of Claw pole motor. In this paper, magnetic equivalent circuit considering axial flux was proposed to reduce design time of Claw pole motor and we has designed by using the magnetic equivalent circuit. In addition, in oder to verify the study, design model was verified by 3D FEM simulation and experiment.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제8권3B호
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• pp.257-261
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• 1999

The claw pump, one of oil-less dry pumps developed to solve problems found in vacuum systems pumped by oil-sealed rotary pumps, has been widely used separately or as a part of compound structure with a roots pump. The claw pump has some merits such as a high pumping speed, a high compression ratio, and relatively little heat generation. The high compression ratio of the claw pump is compression ratio, and relatively little heat generation. The high compression ratio of the claw pump is based on efficient sweeping action of the special type rotor and an intrinsic self-valving mechanism. The contour of the rotor with claw-type blade is designed basically to make two rotors revolve smoothly without touching with each other, and related dimensions are determined by required pumping speed, compression ratio, power demand and diameter of the rotor axis. In this paper the procedure of designing the rotor of the claw pump is described and factors influencing the pump performance are analyzed.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제48권11호
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• pp.597-603
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• 1999

Due to its simple construction, operation steadiness and low cost, claw pole step motor is widely used for OA machine and automobile. This paper deals with analysis fo claw pole motor, especially eyeing to dynamic characteristics. To analyze dynamic characteristics of claw pole step motor, torque development in each angular step of rotor are surveyed and torque equation is drived using permeance method. To adopt the airgap MMF, the magnetic equivalent circuit of the motor is introduced. On the base of the magnetic equivalent circuit, the air gap flux equation is derived. To get a optimum design of the motor, the torque characteristic is studied in variation of coil data and remanence value of permanent magnetic material.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.183-191
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• 2019

Claw lesion is one of the major causes of lameness in sows and the lameness is one of the reasons for culling of sows from the swine herd. This survey was conducted on sows in total of 8 farms with a total of 684 pigs. The lesions observed in the study were horizontal and vertical claw cracks (CWH & CWV), differences in the length of toes (T) and/or in the length of dew claws (DC) according to crates, breeds and parity of sows. Scores of claw lesions were assigned on 0, 1, 2, and 3 at each foot depending on the severity of the claw lesions. The sows' parity was classified into 1 to 2, 3 to 4, 5 to 8. Prevalence rate of claw lesions in sows raised on punched plastic crate was higher than that in sows raised on tribar crate. In prevlence rate by breeds, inbreed Landrace sows showed higher than that of Yorkshire sows. According to 4 claw lesions, the length of DC was the highest at parity 3~4 and CWV was the lowest at parity 3~4 in F1 crossbred sows raised on punched plastic crates, respectively. In Yorkshire breeds raised on punched plastic crates, the length of DC at parity 5~8 was the lowest and CWH was the highest at parity 3~4, respectively. In Landrace breeds raised on tribar crates, CWH was the highest at parity 1~2 and CWV was the lowest at parity 3~4, respectively. The high parity in F1 crossbred sows showed high prevalence rate of claw lesions than that of low parity and other inbreed sows, respectively. These results may be useful as elementary data in establishment of welfare quality protocol and preventive measures to reduce economic losses from craw lesions in sows.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 3차원 FEM을 이용하여 Claw pole stoning motor의 특성을 해석하였다. Claw pole stewing motor는 구조상 z-축 방향으로 자화가 발생하고 모델의 특성상 3차원 FEM해석이 필수적이다. 해석 시간을 고려해 볼 때 목적하고자 하는 성능을 갖는 모터 설계 시 시간을 효율적으로 줄이기 위한 방법 중 하나는 해석 대상의 개수를 줄이는 것이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 실험계획법(Design of Experiments)을 이용하여 Claw pole stewing motor의 해석 및 설계 시 중요 변수인 영구자석, 폴형상, 권선수의 설계 변수를 설정하여 이 설계변수의 조합으로 나오는 해석 모델의 개수를 최소화하고 이렇게 줄어든 최적의 모델을 선정하여 3차원 FEM으로 해석하여 특성을 살펴보았다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2013

This paper has done a three-dimensional FEM analysis of the PM claw pole stepping motor. As magnetization happens in the z-axis, which does not have a constant value, three-dimensional FEM analysis is necessary for characteristic analysis of PM claw pole stepping motors. Because it is a type of permanent magnet motor, the PM claw pole stepping motor naturally has a detent torque. This torque is known to show negative effects on motor performance. To improve motor performance, reducing the detent torque is very important during the motor design. This paper applied DOE for optimization of stator pole design of the motor. Also, we compared motor performance by applying a different type of rotor shape, dividing the permanent magnet. To verify the simulation results, an experiment was done.

• Journal of international Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.412-418
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• 2012

Eddy current brakes are electromechanical devices used as variable mechanical loads for testing electrical machines. Accurate modeling of eddy current loss is an important t factor for optimum design of eddy brake systems. In this second part, we propose novel formulations of eddy current loss in novel claw-pole eddy brake system. The proposed model for eddy current loss in novel claw-pole eddy brake system depends on the size of the claw poles. Also, in this paper, the flux density is measured by using the magnetic circuit of the novel claw pole. The model results are compared with experimental results and they are found to be in good agreement.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전기기기 및 에너지변환시스템부문
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• pp.107-109
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• 2004

Stepping motors are widely used for various electric instruments. In case of analysing claw pole PM slopping motor 3-dimensional analysis is necessary for accurate field calculation. This paper presents static torque characteristics of a permanent magnet type stepping motor with claw poles using three-dimensional finite element analysis.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.274-278
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• 2003

Rare complications of distal tibia fracture are claw-toe deformity, cavus deformity and checkrein deformity. These complications may be due to contracture of the muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the leg after a compartment syndrome. These 4 cases were treated by selective tendon lengthening of flexor tendon at the retromalleolar level.