• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.15-29
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• 2013

Shopping is considered a 'must-do' activity for most people on travel. One of the major parts of tourist shopping is the purchasing of souvenirs. Souvenirs are universally associated with tourism as a commercially produced and purchased object to remind the purchaser of the experience. Recently, Korea becomes one of the most popular destinations that many Asian tourists like to visit. Among those Asian tourists, the number of Thai tourists bound for Korea shows an incredible rapid growth. Thai people pick Korea and Seoul as their favorite country and city to visit for three consecutive years since 2009. One of the major reasons why Thais are choosing to tour Korea is the enthusiasm for Korean pop culture. That is, 'Hallyu' has influenced Thais' decision to visit Korea and purchase Korean products. The primary objective of the current research is to explore the shopping experiences of Thai tourists, specifically their souvenir shopping. It adopts a reflexive interpretive approach to bring light to the various meanings Thai tourists attach to the souvenirs they purchase in Korea. In order to accomplish the objective, the individual interviews were conducted. A total of 12 Thais who have experienced traveling in Korea participated in the study. Four themes were identified through interview text analysis. First, the research participants almost always purchase souvenirs in Korea because the souvenirs represent their identities as tourists. Especially, they purchase the souvenirs as gifts for others, including family members, friends, and colleagues. The souvenirs as gifts show love and thanks to others, and they cement the social relationship. However, purchasing souvenirs for others is more like the moral obligations which evoke the psychological stress. Secondly, the research participants feel closer to Korea while shopping souvenirs around. Thirdly, they obtain imaginative experiences and pleasure through souvenirs related to the Korean pop culture. Souvenirs provide them to visually extraordinary experiences. Lastly, souvenirs purchased in Korea act as visible status marker when they go back to Thailand. They show the socioeconomic status and lifestyles. Tourists themselves and others place special value to souvenirs that were purchased out of Thailand. The findings of this study are of both academic and practical importance. Souvenirs are among the most pervasive elements of the travel experience. However, souvenir shopping is the complicated consumer behavior within tourism both from business and social science perspectives. Along the same line, it needs strategic approaches in order to maximize the economy effects. It concludes by suggesting how further research could offer unique insights into how the souvenirs are positioned both in the context of tourism academics and industry.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.78-96
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• 1973

This study of 855 clinical nurses was conducted using a questionnaire that include tour different scales; the motives of determining their profession, the attitudes toward their profession, the general items, and desire and expectation to their profession and society. The data were analyzed by Chi-Square Test and Percentage. The results of this study included Hypothesis are as follows; The respondents were 855 (78.6%) among 1088 clinical nurses who were employed by General of Educational hospitals through the city of Seoul, Pusan, Taegu, Daejun, Kwangju, and Wonju. 1) a. In the Age Distribution, the majority of respondents were under the age of 30yrs(88.2%) and the minority were above 31yrs(11.2%), and the preponderance of the majority to minority(9:1) was noted. In compared with area, a group above 31yrs old in Seoul (6.9%) was lower than other area (16.3%). b. The types of Educational background were 16.3% in Voc.Tr. School, 66.5% in Diploma and 17.1% in Degree.146 clinical nurses were from the Degree course, and 142 (97.3%) CN among those of them were occupied around Seoul and 4(2.7%) around other area. c. In the Marital Status,71,5% were the unmarried and 28.5% were the married. And compared with the area was 20.4% in Seoul and 41.4% in other area. d. Most common Length of Clinical Experience after graduation was under tile 2yrs (55.4%), 3yrs(14.2%, and 4yrs (6.2%). In compared with area, Seoul (15.3%) was lower than other area (38.1%) above 5yrs of clinical experience, and the preponderance of tile other area to Seoul as 2.5: I was noted. 2) a. Hypothesis 1 was significant relation between the types of Educational Background of the CN and their motives for selection of Nursing, P-value was below 0.01. b. There was a significance on hypothesis 2 (P＜0.01): that was relation between their motives for selection of clinical nursing field after their graduation and the area which they were employed. c. Hypothesis 4 was accepted as significant relation between the level of satisfaction of their clinical experience after their graduation and the types of educational back ground, P-value was below 0.01. d. There was a significance on hypothesis 5(P＜0.01) that was relation between the CN's response about the orientation program and the area which they were employed. e. Hypothesis 6 was retained as significant relation between the area and inservice educational programme of their employed hospital was practising or not. P-value was 0.01. f. Hypothesis 7 was retained as significant relation between the area and the CN's response about the inservice educational programme of their employed. P-value was below 0.01. g. There was a significance on hypothesis 8 (P<0.0l) that was relation between the CN's experience on attending the professional meeting and the area. h. Hypothesis 10 was accepted as significant relation between the response about the present licence system and their educational background. p-value was below 0.01. i. There was a significance on hypothesis 11 (P fO.01) that was relation between the carrying out the regular and delivery vacation and the area. J. Hypothesis 12 was accepted as significant relation between the CN's consideration of the lack of leisure and their marital status. p-value was below 0.01' k. There was a significance on hypothesis 13 (P <0.01) that was relation between the CN's response about their salary and their marital status. l. Hypothesis 14 was significant relation between the most difficulties of CN during their working and the hospital which they were employed. p-value was below 0.01.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.644-649
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• 2013

부산을 방문한 일본 관광객은 남자보다 여자가 다소 많았으며, 직업에서는 가정주부와 사무직이 가장 많았다. 나이는 40~60대가 주를 이루었으며, 부산을 방문한 횟수는 4회 이상이 가장 많았다. 관광 중 부산음식의 섭취빈도는 동래파전(29%)과 생선회(21%)가 가장 높았으며, 돼지국밥, 해물탕, 곰장어, 오리불고기, 아귀찜의 순서로 조사되었다. 일본 관광객은 관광지에서의 음식을 중요하게 생각하였고, 관광지의 특색 있는 음식을 먹고 싶어 하였다. 부산음식에 대한 만족도는 메뉴의 다양성(3.8), 저렴한 음식의 값(3.4), 음식의 양(3.3), 음식의 짜고 매운맛(3.0), 후식의 다양성(2.7)의 순서로 평가되어, 일본 관광객은 음식의 맛과 후식의 다양성에서 낮은 만족도를 나타내었다. 음식점의 서비스는 친절도, 청결성 모두 3.2 이하로 낮게 평가되었다. 부산을 재방문할 때 먹어 보고 싶은 음식으로는 불고기, 파전, 비빔밥, 생선회, 김치찌개를 주로 응답하여 부산의 대표음식과는 다른 경향을 나타내었다. 부산의 여행 중 가장 좋았던 점은 일본관광객 51%가 음식을 선택하였고, 부산을 다시 방문하겠다는 의사는 54%를 나타내었다. 일본 관광객은 부산음식의 맛과 음식점의 서비스에 대해 낮게 평가하였으나, 볼거리와 쇼핑보다는 음식에 훨씬 더 만족하고 있었다. 일본 관광객이 먹고 싶어하는 동래파전, 생선회, 불고기, 비빔밥을 쉽게 접하도록 제공하고, 음식의 맛과 후식의 다양성, 음식점의 청결성의 문제를 해결한다면 일본 관광객의 부산여행 만족도를 더 높일 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권9호
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• pp.1492-1498
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• 2013

부산을 방문한 중국인 관광객은 남자보다 여자가 많았으며, 직업에서는 학생과 직장인이 많았다. 연령은 20대와 30대가 주를 이루었으며, 부산을 방문한 횟수는 1회 또는 2회가 가장 많았다. 관광 중 먹어본 부산의 대표음식으로는 생선회와 해물탕이 각각 19%로 가장 많았으며, 오리불고기, 돼지국밥, 동래파전을 10% 내외로 섭취하였다. 부산을 재방문할 때 먹어 보고 싶은 음식으로는 불고기(19%), 된장찌개(17%), 비빔밥(15%), 돼지갈비(14%), 삼겹살(9%), 김치찌개(6%,) 해물탕(4%), 삼계탕(4%)을 원하였다. 부산음식에 대한 만족도는 후식의 다양성(3.4), 메뉴의 다양성(3.3), 음식의 짜고 매운맛(3.2), 저렴한 음식의 값(3.1), 음식의 양(3.0)의 순서로 만족도를 나타내었다. 음식점의 서비스는 친절도와 청결성에서 4.2의 만족도로 높은 평가를 받았다. 부산의 여행 중 가장 좋았던 점은 44%가 쇼핑을 선택하였고, 음식은 10%로 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 부산을 다시 방문하겠다는 의사는 38%, 잘 모르겠다는 61%를 나타내었다. 본 연구에서 중국인 관광객은 관광지에서의 음식을 중요하게 생각하였고 관광지의 특색 있는 음식을 먹고 싶어 하였으나, 부산음식에 대한 만족도는 다소 낮은 평가를 받았으며 음식의 양과 음식의 가격의 조정이 필요한 것으로 조사되었다. 중국인 관광객은 부산시에서 홍보하고 있는 대표음식보다는 한국의 대표음식을 부산여행 중 먹고 싶어 하였다. 본 연구는 중국인 개별관광객을 대상으로 국한하였으므로 단체관광객과는 차이가 있을 것으로 생각되며, 단체관광객을 대상으로 부산여행 중 음식에 대한 만족도와 그들이 먹고 싶어 하는 메뉴에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.