• Title/Summary/Keyword: city logistic

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The Relationship between Ophthalmic Refractive Errors and Factors of Nutrition and Health (건강 및 식이요인과 굴절이상 시력장애와의 관련성)

  • 김영옥;최혜정;이순영
    • Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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    • v.5 no.4
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    • pp.608-614
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    • 2000
  • The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative importance among various biological and environmental factors on refractive errors. Various factors such as diseases, health related behavior such as drinking, smoking and exercise, as well as dietary factors were considered as a possible determinant. Surveys of 492 residents over 20 years of age in Kuri city were conducted during 1998. The survey included a refractive error test adopting a autokerato-refractometer, dietary survey using a 24 hour recall method, disease survey including blood and other diagnosis tests, and a health behavior survey using questionnaires with variables of smoking, drinking, and exercise. A stepwise logistic regression analysis was adopted to analyse the relative importance among independent variables of health behaviors, disease, and dietary factors on ametropias. As a result, in the case of myopia, liver dysfunction appeared to be the most important factors followed by the health related behavior of smoking and exercise as the second most important factors. Nutrient factors such as carotene and protein appeared to be the third most important factors. Similar results had been shown in the case of the hyperopia. In summary, liver dysfunction and the health related behaviors of drinking and smoking appeared to be more influential factors on abnormal eye sight of myopia and hyperopia than dietary factors.

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The Risk Factors Related to Early Readmission to the Intensive Care Unit. (중환자실 조기 재입실 관련 위험요인)

  • Jang, Jin Nyoung;Lee, Yun Mi;Park, Hyo Jin;Lee, Hyeon Ju
    • Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.36-45
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    • 2019
  • Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify status and characteristics of patients who have been readmitted to ICU, and to analyze risk factors associated with the readmission to ICU within 48hours. Method: Data were collected from patient's electronic medical reports from one hospital in B city. Participants were 2,937 patients aged 18 years old or older admitted to the ICU. Data were analyzed using odd ratios (ORs) from multivariate logistic regressions. Results: 2.2% of the 2,937 patients were early readmitted to ICU. Risk factors for early readmission to ICU were existence of respiratory disease, use of mechanical ventilator, and duration of hospitalization (longer). Conclusion: The assessment on the respiratory system of the patient who will be discharged from the ICU was identified as an important nursing activity. Therefore, the respiratory system management and education should be actively conducted. In addition, early ICU readmission may be prevented and decreased if a link was built to share the information on patient condition between the ICU and general wards.

Related Factors of Severity Rated by Korean Triage and Acuity Scale (KTAS) among Older Adults at the Emergency Departments (일개 지역 응급의료센터 방문 노인의 중증도 영향 요인)

  • Shin, Dong-Soo;Kim, Mi Sook
    • Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.146-153
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: This study aimed to identify characteristics and severity assessed by Korean Triage and Acuity Scale (KTAS) among 2,496 older adults aged 65 and over who visited an emergency department (ED) located in Chuncheon city. Methods: Data were collected via electronic medical records from two hospitals from January to December of 2016. Chi square test and logistic regression were applied using SPSS 22.0. Results: 53.5% of the participants were women and 17.6% of visits were done by aged 85 and older. ED visits by ambulance were 33.9%. More than two-third of older adults' ED visits were emergent status. Severity of the ED visits of older adults were rated by KTAS. Commonly reported chief complaints of the ED visits were dizziness, dyspnea, chest pain, abdominal pain, and hypoalbuminemia. Among them, dizziness, chest pain, dyspnea, and hypoalbuminemia were related factors for being-emergent condition. Conclusion: Strategies for older adults' chief complaints are needed in order to reduce unexpected ED visits.

Influencing Factors of the Metabolic Index and Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Depressive and Non-depressive Groups in the Vulnerable Diabetic Elderly Women (취약계층 당뇨병 여성노인의 대사증후군지표와 심혈관 위험정도가 우울증상 여부에 미치는 요인)

  • Sung, Kiwol
    • Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.123-132
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify influencing factors of metabolic index and cardiovascular risk factors, on depressive and non-depressive groups, in vulnerable diabetic elderly women. Methods: Participants were 137 vulnerable diabetic elderly women, using health centers in D city. Data were collected through interviews September though December 2017. The metabolic index was measured using National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III), and cardiovascular risk factors were measured using Framingham Risk Score (FRS). Depressive and non-depressive groups were divided by the score of Geriartric Depress Scale Short Korea Version (GDSSF). Collected data were analyzed using a x2 test, independent t-test, and binary logistic regression, with the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results: Vulnerable diabetic elderly women, did not exercise in the depressive groups, and had higher triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and larger waists, than in the non-depressive group. Results show that lack of exercise (OR= 6.30), is the highest risk factor, influencing the depressive symptom in vulnerable diabetic elderly women. Conclusion: These results suggest that to reduce depressive symptom levels among vulnerable diabetic elderly women, nursing interventions are needed to increase exercise and decrease TG, TC, and waist size, particularly in improving exercise of vulnerable diabetic elderly women.

Global Fast Food Brands: The Role of Consumer Ethnocentrism in Frontier Markets

  • MUKUCHA, Paul;JARAVAZA, Divaries Cosmas
    • The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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    • v.12 no.6
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    • pp.7-21
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: Modern globalization and Western markets saturation has catalyzed the growth of culinary globalization into developing countries. The question was whether fast food consumers in frontier markets of Sub-Saharan Africa (Zimbabwe), either upholds national gastronomic tendencies in terms of consumer ethnocentrism and buy local or they adopt global fast food brands. Demographic consumer profiles were also analyzed as antecedents of consumer ethnocentrism. Research design, data and methodology: A sample size of 400 fast food-adult consumers was surveyed in the City of Harare. Data was captured on SPSS and Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS). Hypothesis testing was done using sample t test (H1), logistic regression (H2) and multiple regression (H3, 4, 5) analysis. Results: Consumer ethnocentrism in Zimbabwe was marginally above average and no statistically significant relationship between the levels of consumer ethnocentrism and adoption of foreign fast food brands was noted. Age had an inverse relationship; income had a positive association whilst gender had no statistical significance with consumer ethnocentrism. Conclusions: Despite the Zimbabwean consumers being marginally ethnocentric, international restaurateurs should invest in the Zimbabwean fast food market since their nature of being foreign has got an exotic appeal to the Zimbabwean consumers thereby enhancing their likelihood of success.

Clinical outcomes of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding in nonagenarians and octogenarians: a comparative nationwide analysis

  • Khaled Elfert;James Love;Esraa Elromisy;Fouad Jaber;Suresh Nayudu;Sammy Ho;Michel Kahaleh
    • Clinical Endoscopy
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    • v.57 no.3
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    • pp.342-349
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    • 2024
  • Background/Aims: Nonagenarians will purportedly account for 10% of the United States population by 2050. However, no studies have assessed the outcomes of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) in this age group. Methods: The National Inpatient Sample database between 2016 and 2020 was used to compare the clinical outcomes of NVUGIB in nonagenarians and octogenarians and evaluate predictors of mortality and the use of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Results: Nonagenarians had higher in-hospital mortality than that of octogenarians (4% vs. 3%, p<0.001). EGD utilization (30% vs. 48%, p<0.001) and blood transfusion (27% vs. 40%, p<0.001) was significantly lower in nonagenarians. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that nonagenarians with NVUGIB had higher odds of mortality (odds ratio [OR], 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-1.7) and lower odds of EGD utilization (OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.83-0.89) than those of octogenarians. Conclusions: Nonagenarians admitted with NVUGIB have a higher mortality risk than that of octogenarians. EGD is used significantly in managing NVUGIB among nonagenarians; however, its utilization is comparatively lower than in octogenarians. More studies are needed to assess predictors of poor outcomes and the indications of EGD in this growing population.

Prevalence and environmental risk factors for respiratory symptoms among elementary school children in a city (도시지역 초등학교 저학년 학생들의 호흡기계 증상 유병률에 영향을 주는 환경위험요인)

  • Park, Hye-Sook;Lee, Bo-Eun;Ha, Eun-Hee;Kim, Nam-Hee;Hong, Yun-Chul;Lee, Youn-Kyung;Cho, Yong-Sung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2003
  • PURPOSE: The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and to determine their environmental risk factors in school children living in a city where traffic is particularly heavy. METHODS: From November 12th to November 19th, 2002, we sent questionnaires to parents for children's health and environmental factors, and ninety eight percent (516) of parents responded. RESULTS: The lifetime prevalence of chronic respiratory illness was 12.2% and 13.2% for wheeze, and 6.6% for physician diagnosed asthma. Using multiple logistic regression model, we found that family history of asthma(OR=3.47, 95% CI 1.36-8.78), atopy dermatitis(OR=5.48, 95% CI 2.37-12.66), and pets at home(OR=3.22, 95% CI 1.26-8.23) were associated with chronic respiratory illness in last 12 months. We also found that family history of asthma(OR=3.28, 95% CI 1.16-9.31), atopy dermatitis(OR=2.89, 95% CI 1.11-7.54), and short distance between the house and road(OR=2.85, 95% CI 1.03-7.87) were associated with asthma in last 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: Elementary school children in a city had a relatively high prevalence of chronic respiratory illness and symptoms. In addition to genetic factors, pets at home and outdoor air pollution are associated with respiratory illness and Symptoms in school children.

Study on the Exposure Levels of Organic Solvents and Subjective Symptoms of Dry-cleaning Workers (드라이클리닝 근로자들의 유기용제 폭로와 자각증상)

  • Kim, Soo-Young;Kim, Jeong-Yun;Lee, Yeon-Kyeng;Lee, Sok-Goo;Lee, Young-Soo;Cho, Young-Chae;Lee, Tae-Young;Lee, Dong-Bae
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.31 no.4 s.63
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    • pp.628-643
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    • 1998
  • To investigate the exposure levels of organic solvents and subjective symptoms of dry-cleaning workers, 77 male and 52 female dry-cleaning workers who had been worked in a small city of Chungnam province, and a large city, Taejon were selected for the study group. Air concentrations of organic solvents in the working environment were analyzed, and subjective symptoms of dry-cleaning workers were surveyed, from July to August 1996. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The concentrations of organic solvents in the working environment were within permissible TLV-TWA limits. 2. For the 13 symptom clusters, the most frequently complained symptom clusters were fatigue as 71.3%, and followed by depression and urinary disturbances as 53.5% and 51.9%. Other symptom clusters complained were below 50%. 3. Positive response rates of subjective symptoms were significantly higher in worker groups such as lived in a large city, female, higher education level, more frequently alcohol drinking, higher concentration of organic solvent in working environment, work in alone. 4. Workers who had used solvent B showed 2.3 point higher scores of subjective symptoms than those of solvent A. Of the subjective symptoms scores, amnesia and nervousness were higher in solvent B user group than solvent B user group. 5. As a result of factor analysis, 3 factors such as depression, urinary disturbance and neurologic disturbance were selected. 6. As a result of the logistic regression analysis, sex, the number of fellow workers, working time, region, job tenure, smoking, alcohol drinking, ventilating system, concentration of organic solvent in working environment and place of residence were selected for the related variables. For the conclusion, even though the concentrations of organic solvents in the working environments of dry-cleaning workers were within permissible limit of TLV-TWA, many dry-cleaning workers complained symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, urinary disturbances and so on. And the factors affecting to the symptoms of dry-cleaning workers were the number of fellow workers, work hours, region, job tenure, smoking and alcohol drinking.

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Prevalence of Hyperhomocysteinemia and Related Factors in a Community-based Health Examination Survey: A Cross-sectional Study (경기도 일개 지역사회 대표집단에서 고호모시스테인혈증의 유병률 및 관련요인에 대한 단면조사연구)

  • Kim, Soo-Jeong;Lim, Kyung-Sook;Song, Mi-Sook;Kang, Yeon-Ji;Lee, Soon-Young
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.42 no.5
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    • pp.337-342
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    • 2009
  • Background : Many previous studies have shown that elevated homocysteine in the serum is a well known risk factor for cardiovascular disease and this is associated with other risk factors for cardiovascular disease, but any Korean data on this is limited. Objectives : This study aimed to calculate the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia and to analyze the relation between elevated homocysteine and the lifestyle factors of Korean adults. Methods : We conducted a cross-sectional survey that included 650 men and 743 women (age range, 20 to 79 years) who were residents of Gwangju City in Gyeonggi-do. These subjects participated in the health interview and examination survey from November to December 2005. The total homocysteine, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride in the serum were measured. All the participants had their body composition measured such as height and weight, and we obtained health-related behavioral information through the self-entry questionnaire. Results : Very right-handed skewed distributions of homocysteine were shown in men and women. The prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia was 22.6% in men and 13.7% in women in Gwangju city. On the multiple logistic regression analysis, hyperhomocysteinemia was associated with age (OR=1.02, 95% CI=1.01-1.04), male gender (OR=1.60, 95% CI=1.02-2.52), severe general physical activity (OR=0.32, 95% CI=0.15-0.69) and nutrient consumption (OR=0.49, 95% CI=0.31-0.76). Conclusions : There is a great prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia in adults of Gwangju City, Korea and it was associated with both genetic factors and lifestyle risk factors. This study can suggest that comprehensive lifestyle modification is needed in order to diminish the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia and to prevent CVD.

Prevalence of allergic and respiratory conditions among residents living near large construction sites in Sejong city: an exploratory study with mixed method approach (세종시 건설현장 인근 주민의 알레르기 및 호흡기 질환 유병 실태: 혼합연구방법론을 적용한 탐색적 연구)

  • Ki, Myung;Shin, Ji-Yeon;Kim, Lahee;Cho, Seong-Sik;An, Ah Reum;Kim, Yeong-Ju
    • Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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    • v.40 no.2
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    • pp.80-92
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    • 2015
  • Objectives: To clarify the association between dust from large construction sites and allergic and respiratory conditions among residents in Sejong city. Methods: We included 379 individuals older than 50 years from three areas of Sejong city; two areas near construction sites and one area for a comparison. Prevalence of self-reported allergic and respiratory conditions was compared across the three areas using logistic regression to adjust for covariates including age, gender, smoking, and educational attainment. A total of 16 individuals were interviewed to take details of the residents' experiences of construction work. Results: Those living in the nearby areas around construction sites were generally found to have the increased prevalence for all allergic and respiratory conditions. Odds Ratio(OR)s for cough and sneezing among the six symptoms and allergic rhinitis among the three diagnosed diseases reached statistical significance but only OR for cough remained significant after adjustment: adjusted OR for cough was 2.63 (95% CI, 1.07-6.46). Two relevant themes emerged from semi-structured interview were; 1) most residents from the affected area reported a considerable level of exposure to construction dust, 2) about half of them noted that construction dust influences allergic- and respiratory health. Conclusions: General pattern provides suggestive evidence that living close to construction sites may be positively associated with elevated risks of allergic and respiratory conditions. Efforts should be made to establish preventive measures and a comprehensive in-depth health impact assessment on this issue.