• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.200-206
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• 2023

Near-infrared (NIR) sensing technology using CMOS image sensors is used in many applications, including automobiles, biological inspection, surveillance, and mobile devices. An intuitive way to improve NIR sensitivity is to thicken the light absorption layer (silicon). However, thickened silicon lacks NIR sensitivity and has other disadvantages, such as diminished optical performance (e.g. crosstalk) and difficulty in processing. In this paper, a pixel structure for NIR sensing using a stacked CMOS image sensor is introduced. There are two photodetection layers, a conventional layer and a bottom photodiode, in the stacked CMOS image sensor. The bottom photodiode is used as the NIR absorption layer. Therefore, the suggested pixel structure does not change the thickness of the conventional photodiode. To verify the suggested pixel structure, sensitivity was simulated using an optical simulator. As a result, the sensitivity was improved by a maximum of 130% and 160% at wavelengths of 850 nm and 940 nm, respectively, with a pixel size of 1.2 ㎛. Therefore, the proposed pixel structure is useful for NIR sensing without thickening the silicon.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.49-61
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• 2023

The transit-oriented development (TOD) model can effectively help to solve urban problems and promote sustainable urban development. The United States and Japan are widely considered the earliest two countries to start TOD practices; however, the origins of TOD models in the two countries were different. The TOD practices in the two countries formed distinct characteristics, yet their differences have been underexplored. This study aims to grasp the characteristics of the TOD model in the two countries through a systematic comparative analysis of 10 typical cities in the United States and Japan that have adopted the TOD model. This paper compares the case cities' three key aspects of the TOD model: public transit system, spatial form, and land use, and summarizes the characteristics of TOD models in the two countries from a city-level perspective, to help deepen the global understanding of TOD.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.297-300
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• 2017

Particulate Matter(PM) is one of the most critical pollutant which can cause a fatal disease if the human body inhales. Construction is the business that emits the most fugitive dust. It is therefore necessary to manage construction site. South korea government focuses on the fugitive dust control measures defined in regulation being implemented properly. However the number of civil complaints related to fugitive dust emitted from construction site is the most in korea. So it is necessary to check from the management system aspect. This paper compares and analyzes the fugitive dust management system which applied to the construction site of major cities in three countries, and finds out what needs to be supplemented by the domestic management system.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.41-43
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• 2015

Urban Informatics, the application of data science methodologies to the urban development and planning domain, has been increasingly adopted to improve the management and efficiency of cities. This paper introduces state of the art use cases in major cities including New York, London, Seoul and Amsterdam. It also introduces recent advances in using Big Data by multi-lateral institutions for poverty reduction, and startups utilizing open data initiatives to create new value and insights. Preliminary research performed on using Seoul's open data such as building permit data and health code violations are also introduced to demonstrate opportunities in this relatively new but promising area of research.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.43-52
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• 2023

The paper aims to clarify how to make a decision using geographic information systems and how to choose the best route between two cities to suit the expectations of the driver and his sense of safety and comfort on the road. Use a special model for network analysis, where the network analysis tool relied on the following data (maximum speed of the road - number of intersections - road width - peak period) in choosing the best safe path. The paper concluded that the best safe route for refugees between the cities of Khartoum - Arqin crossing is ( Khartoum - Shendi - Atbara - Meroe - Abu Hamad - Wadi Halfa). We advise all GIS users to use the theories of spatial analysis when creating a new model.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2024

The subject of navigation has drawn a large interest in the last few years. The navigation within a city is to find the path between two points, source location and destination location. In many cities, solving the routing problem is very essential as to find the route between different locations (starting location (source) and an ending location (destination)) in a fast and efficient way. This paper considers streets with diagonal streets. Such streets pose a problem in determining the directions of the route to be followed. The paper presents a solution for the path planning using the reconfigurable mesh (R-Mesh). R-Mesh is a parallel platform that has very fast solutions to many problems and can be deployed in moving vehicles and moving robots. This paper presents a solution that is very fast in computing the routes.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.49-55
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• 2008

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.389-390
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.63-65
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• 2005

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.15-18
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• 2013