• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.567-574
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• 2016

This survey was conducted in 2015, following up on theed tthe occurrence of Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) nationwide in radish and Chinese cabbage fields of 28 cities in South Korea. A total of 152 samples of Raphanus sativus and 29 samples of Brassica rapa, showing virus-like symptoms, were collected. Among these, 107 B. rapa samples and 9 B. rapa samples were positive for TuMV when analyzed by RT-PCR. The TuMV strains found in the two crops showed 99% homology in nucleotide and amino acid sequences of coat protein to each other. Furthermore, their sequences showed 99% homology to the sequences of TuMV isolates R007 (GenBank: KU140420) and R041 (GenBank: KU140421) that were collected in 2014. These results suggested TuMV isolated from radish and cabbage in 2015 were the same strain as the isolates R007 and R041 collected in 2014. A screening test was conducted using these two isolates to select TuMV-resistant B. rapa lines out of 167 B. rapa breeding lines.and identified eight lines resistant to R007 (Kenshin, 279002, 279012, 279064, 279081, MP, C-21, HKC-004) and nine lines resistant to R041 (C-26, HKC-005, 11Su-4, 11Su-5, 11Su-7, 11Su-8, Tian Jin Lv Qing Ma Ye, CNU_141193, Jing Lv 60). Our prior data indicated 4.24% difference in sequences between the two isolates and these can serve as potential tools to develop B. rapa markers to screen for resistance against TuMV strainsin breeding populations.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.93-102
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of oral health care including some of dental caries activity test on dental clinics of regular visiting on primary school children. The dental surveys and initial caries control and some of dental caries activity test (Alban's, Lactobacillius, S'mutans, un-stimulation saliva test)were performed by trained dental hygienists with dentist from on 6 to 13 years old patients of S dental hospital in Gwangju Metropolitan Cities. The sample size of 39 children (18 in oral health care group, 21 in control group ) and accepted to their parents. The results of caries activity test score(Alban's and Lactobacillius test)were reduced 1.4 to 1.6 times in oral health care group(OHCG). Oral Hygiene Simplified Index of OHCG was reduced 1.6 times during six months and 1 year. DMFT index of OHCG was reduced 1.4 times more than Control Group(CG) after 1 year. DT index of OHCG was reduced 12 times more than Control Group(CG) after 1 year. Dental health capacity of the first perment molar of OHCG was reduced 1.02 times more than CG after 1 year. From the above results, long life related incremental oral health care system has reinforced to primary school children in dental clinic with oral health professional teams.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.325-334
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• 2013

The study is to observe a degree of relation between quality of life and a degree of walking exercise for adult residents of cities of Korea. From data of the 4th round 3rd-year Korea National Health and Examination Survey, 7,851 in which 3,892 were male residents and 3,959 females, were selected as subjects, excluding 723 who didn't answer at least more than one question for 5th degree of EQ-5D and physical activities. As a result, quality of life showed statistically significant relation among gender, education level, spouses, average monthly income, stress, a number of chronic diseases, health recognition and whether walking exercise undertaken. Especially one who carried out walking exercise showed higher quality of life than one who did not. This showed more significant difference of quality of life between whether the exercise was undertaken and whether it is intensified or intermediate. Therefore, in accordance with results of this study, it is necessary to develop an effective exercise program that is designed to let residents to exercise in a regular basis and to guarantee a sustainable support from government.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.361-372
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to develop an assessment scale for healthy aging of middle aged women. The data were collected from 385 middle aged women in two large cities in Korea. The development processes of the scale were followed: Development of preliminary items; Verification of content validity and reliability; Factor analysis and criterion validity of final items. Results: Factor analysis resulted in the creation of the final scale, which consisted of 38 items that were grouped into 9 factors: self achievement, physical change adaptation, psychological change adaptation, interpersonal relationships, menopausal symptom adaptation, economic stability, physical health, social support, social change adaptation. The explanatory variance was 64.03%. The reliability of the scale was Cronbach's ${\alpha}=.90$. Correlation of the scale with healthy aging and depression, established its construct and concurrent validity was r=-.69, p<.001. The scale was confirmed to have a relatively high validity and reliability. The findings of the study can be useful as a measurement to evaluate healthy aging of middle aged women. Future researches with the scale will be helpful for basic data for the program development to support healthy aging of middle aged women.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.29-37
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting self-directed learning of workers. For this purpose, 335 workers were surveyed in two cities in the northwestern part of Chungcheongnamdo. The research was carried out by difference test to identify the diffrence of self-directed learning according to general characteristics and by correlation analysis of main variables. Also in order to identify the effect of hope and growth mindset on self-directed learning, hierarchical regression analysis was conducted by diving the group into employee-level and higher employee-level. The main results are as follows. First, Self-directed learning differed by gender. Second, correlation analysis revealed that hope, growth mindset and self-directed learning were positively correlated. Third, regression analysis showed that the pathway thinking of hope and the intelligence of the growth mindset influenced self-directed learning of employee-level workers. And it showed that the pathway thinking of hope influenced self-directed learning of higher employee-level workers. Finally, we discussed policies to enhance workers' self-directed learning based on positions.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.3653-3661
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• 2013

Along with rapid economic growth and enhanced agricultural productivity, particulate matter emissions in the northern cities of Thailand have been increasing for the past two decades. This trend is expected to continue in the coming decade. Emissions of particulate matter have brought about a series of public health concerns, particularly chronic respiratory diseases. It is well known that lung cancer incidence among northern Thai women is one of the highest in Asia (an annual age-adjusted incidence rate of 37.4 per 100,000). This fact has aroused serious concern among the public and the government and has drawn much attention and interest from the scientific community. To investigate the potential causes of this relatively high lung cancer incidence, this study employed Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) transmission spectroscopy to identify the chemical composition of the $PM_{2.5}$ collected using Quartz Fibre Filters (QFFs) coupled with MiniVol$^{TM}$ portable air samplers (Airmetrics). $PM_{2.5}$ samples collected in nine administrative provinces in northern Thailand before and after the "Haze Episode" in 2013 were categorised based on three-dimensional plots of a principal component analysis (PCA) with Varimax rotation. In addition, the incremental lifetime exposure to $PM_{2.5}$ of both genders was calculated, and the first derivative of the FTIR spectrum of individual samples is here discussed.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.3 no.1 s.4
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• pp.45-52
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• 2004

There are many cities installing ITS(Intelligent Transportation Systems) and running TMC(Trafnc Management Center) to improve mobility and safety of roadway transportation by providing roadway information to drivers. There are many devices in ITS which collect real-time traffic data. We can obtain many valuable traffic data from the devices. But it's impossible to avoid missing traffic data for many reasons such as roadway condition, adversary weather, communication shutdown and problems of the devices itself. We couldn't do any secondary process such as travel time forecasting and other transportation related research due to the missing data. If we use the traffic data to produce AADT and DHV, essential data in roadway planning and design, We might get skewed data that could make big loss. Therefore, He study have explored some imputation techniques such as heuristic methods, regression model, EM algorithm and time-series analysis for the missing traffic volume data using some evaluating indices such as MAPE, RMSE, and Inequality coefficient. We could get the best result from time-series model generating 5.0$\%$, 0.03 and 110 as MAPE, Inequality coefficient and RMSE, respectively. Other techniques produce a little different results, but the results were very encouraging.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.127-136
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• 2013

In order to improve the safety and efficiency of traffic signal operation, several core projects of advanced transportation operating systems were implemented in Changwon City. This project included 10 units such as the expansion of roundabout, the permitted left-turn signal operation and the effectiveness of the projects was assessed using before and after studies. This paper presented the quantitative and qualitative evaluation results for three projects: roundabout, permitted left-turn signal operation, and left-turn actuated signal operation. From the analysis results, average travel speed was improved by 16.8% from the installation of roundabouts and average travel time and control delay were reduced by 12.4% and 41.6% respectively, from permitted left-turn operation. It was found that average control delay was reduced about 26.7% from left-turn actuated signal operation. In addition, more than 57.7% of the surveyed people was satisfied with the operational performance of the roundabout implemented. It is expected that the operational performance of traffic signal can be greatly improved by incorporating the proper projects of advanced transportation operating systems in other cities.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

Place names of road sign mean various place names being used on road signs for path guidance of drivers such as administrative district, facility, road, etc. It is very important that not only the choice method of place names for connectivity of road signs but standard establishment of spatial impact zone according to place names. However this standard are not established currently, so it is difficult to fix the spatial range for changing place names around the main facility according to the new construction or relocation of main facility in urban region. Considering the use of big data, one of the Government 3.0, we need to utilize actively the road sign management system database. This paper suggested a methodology for standard establishment of spatial impact zone according to place names of road sign in urban regions based on the road sign management system database. To perform a case study, we selected a major facility ("City Hall") which is the most frequently used the place name of road signs and presented standard of spatial impact zone by urban size in 84 cities.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.271-284
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the usage of CAD/CAM, which is one of dental technologist duties, in an effort to look for any possible changes in the usage of CAD/CAM. It's specifically meant to compare the results of this study with those of Lee Jong-do, Park Kwang-Sig(2011)'s study in March, 2011, to determine if there were any changes over the past four years. The selected variables that were investigated were the ownership of CAD/CAM, awareness of it, the route of acquiring the first information on it, the merits and demerits of its usage, usage experience and educational experience about it. Methods: An online survey was conducted on the dental technologists who worked in urban communities including metropolitan cities to find out the usage of CAD/CAM in 2015 from July 15 to 31, 2015, after existing questionnaire items were modified. The collected data were analyzed by IBM SPSS statistics 22.0, and statistical data on frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation for each item were obtained. To figure out the characteristics of the subjects and the relationship between their occupational characteristics and the usage of CAD/CAM, crosstabs, independent-samples t-test and one-way ANOVA were utilized. As for the usage of CAD/CAM in 2011, the results of Lee Jong-do, Park Kwang-Sig(2011)'s study were selected, and then a comparative analysis was made. The level of significance was all set at .05. Total 250 questionnaires were distributed to them, and 190(76.0%) were returned. After excluding 23 whose answers were uncertain or seemed to lack reliability, total 167(66.8%) were used in final analysis. Results: As a result of analyzing the usage of CAD/CAM that was one of dental technologist duties, there was a great increase in the ownership of CAD/CAM in their workplaces from 2.4 percent in 2011 to 71.7 percent in 2015, and there was an improvement in awareness about it and the necessity of its usage as well. In 2011, the Internet and mass media were the most common route that they got to know about it. They had a strong tendency to acquire related knowledge through education in 2015, and there were some changes in the products that they used or preferred. In both years, the great merit of CAD/CAM was the simplified manufacturing process of restoration, and it had another great advantages in 2015 such as the improved quality of restoration or improved environments for dental technology. Concerning disadvantages, high price was a big problem in 2011. In 2015, not only price but the burden of material costs, frequent breakdown, poor demand among dental clinics and a lack of CAD/CAM professionals were pointed out a lot. In the future, this researcher intends to make research to seek ways of improving CAD/CAM professionals. Conclusion: There was more awareness of CAD/CAM in 2015 than in 2011 when the changes in awareness of it were analyzed, and the finding suggest the necessity of sustained education and concern.