• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.293-299
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• 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the swing and aerial motion of Kovacs, and evaluate the skill level of Kovacs by Korean adult players on horizontal bar. Method: The subjects for this study were 6 male top athletes participated in the 46th National Gymnastics against Cities and Provinces. After the motions of Kovacs were filmed by digital highspeed camcorder setting in 90 frames/s, kinematical data were calculated through DLT method. The variables were computed in the lapse time, the joint angle, the position·velocity of body COG, the inferred tension force of bar, and body COG path were simulated according to skill level of Kovacs. Results: Firstly, it was revealed that the lapse time was 1.19±0.03 s in the swing phase, and 0.83±0.03 s in the aerial phase. Secondly, it was revealed that the shoulder·hip joint motions of S1 and S2 were better than the other subjects in the swing phase, and the knee joint motions of S1 and S2 were better than the other subjects in the aerial phase. Thirdly, it was revealed that the horizontal·vertical velocity of body COG were -1.40±0.03 m/s, 3.80±0.07 m/s respectively, and the vertical positions of S1 and S2 were higher a little than the other subjects. Lastly, the skill level of Kovacs of this subjects was evaluated into 3 steps; excellent, advanced, normal. They need to train the swing motion including a giant circle, and body motions in the air. Conclusion: It would be suggested that Korean domestic players should improve to increase the vertical velocity at release instant and train to control the limbs elaborately in the air.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.367-381
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• 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the status of dental care in underserved areas of Korea. Methods: This study targeted 229 cities in Korea. The analytical index was revised and supplemented with variables related to dental care, and the "oral health level" indexes were further selected to provide a total of 20 analytical indexes. All selected indexes were converted into T scores (cited by the Korea Health Promotion Institute) and subjectively weighted. Finally, the regional oral health indices and areas were derived. PASW Statistics 25.0 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, USA) was used to analyze descriptive statistics. Results: Gyeongbuk Cheongsong-gun had the highest dental underserved index. The city with the highest regional oral health underserved index was Jeonnam Shinan-gun. Daegu Jung-gu had the lowest dental underserved index and regional oral health underserved index. Regional gaps existed between dental care and the regional oral health underserved index according to the city province (p<0.001). Conclusions: To continuously evaluate oral health conditions and projects centered on vulnerable areas, it is necessary to develop indicators to derive vulnerable areas for dental care and to develop effective public dental policies.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.67-77
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• 2021

Spatial data is becoming very important as a medium that connects various data produced in smart cities, digital twins, autonomous driving, smart construction, and other applications. In addition, the rapid construction and update of spatial information is becoming a hot topic to satisfy the diverse needs of consumers in this field. This study developed a software prototype that can match the position of an image-based 3D building model produced without Ground Control Points using existing spatial data. As a result of applying this software to the test area, the 3D building model produced based on the image and the existing spatial data show a high positional matching rate, so that it can be widely used in applications requiring the latest 3D spatial data.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.113-122
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• 2021

Urban expansion, particularly converting sub-urban areas to residential and commercial land use in metropolitan areas, has been considered as a significant signal of regional economic development. However, this results in urban climate change. One of the key impacts of rapid urbanization on the environment is the effect of UHI (Urban Heat Island). Understanding the effects of urban land cover change on UHI is crucial for improving the ecology and sustainability of cities. This research reports an application of remote sensing data, GIS (Geographic Information Systems) for assessing effects of urban land cover change on the LST (Land Surface Temperature) and heat budget components in Ho Chi Minh City, where is one of the fastest urbanizing region of Vietnam. The change of urban land cover component and LST in the city was derived by using multi-temporal Landsat data for the period of 1998 - 2020. The analysis showed that, from 1998 to 2020 the city had been drastically urbanized into multiple directions, with the urban areas increasing from approximately 125.281 km² in 1998 to 162.6 km² in 2007, and 267.2 km² in 2020, respectively. The results of retrieved LST revealed the radiant temperature for 1998 ranging from 20.2℃ to 31.2℃, while that for 2020 remarkably higher ranging from 22.1℃ to 42.3℃. The results also revealed that given the same percentage of urban land cover components, vegetation area is more effective to reduce the value of LST, meanwhile the impervious surface is the most effective factor to increase the value of the LST.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.13-21
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• 2021

This study aims to analyze tourist inflow trends and consumption patterns using a geographic information system and big data analysis system. Songdo Central Park and Chinatown were selected among the major tourist destinations in Incheon, and floating population analysis and card sales analysis were conducted for one month in June 2017. The number of tourists visiting Songdo Central Park from metropolitan cities across the country was highest in the order of Incheon Metropolitan City, Gyeonggi-do, and Seoul Metropolitan City, and the proportion of foreign tourists was the highest in China. The number of card consumption used by Chinatown tourists was 12.4% higher for men than for women, and the amount of card consumption was also higher for men by 18%. This study has implications for proposing a strategic plan for tourism policy by analyzing the inflow trend and consumption pattern of tourists and deriving major issues in the establishment of tourism policy. Based on this study, it is expected that it can be helpful in improving the construction of tourism infrastructure in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.145-155
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• 2021

With the massive expansion of cities in the 20th century, many fragmented small spaces are emerged. This research establishes a framework for analysis based on forward theories, and takes the development of small spaces in Busan as an example, draws conclusions through analysis, and construct a design model for the effective use of small spaces. Based on the theory of spatial design research, statistical analysis methods are used to analyse the effective use of fragmented small spaces in city. In order to provide guidance and reference suggestions when analyzing and researching this type of space design on the data collected from the survey in the future. The design of small spaces is a way to improve the efficiency of the space utilization through the reasonable design of this type of spaces. Urban space is designed to meet the requirements of urban residents as well as to consider the sustainable development of the environment and resources, society and culture. Meaningful solutions are proposed for the construction and development of the sustainable of the future urban spaces.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.97-102
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• 2021

As the demand for shared-type electric kickboards increases day by day, various companies in Korea are also providing shared-type electric kickboard rental services. With the rapid growth of related fields, users can easily rent shared electric kickboards in the vicinity, but management after use is not performed properly due to the absence of a designated rental station, and It is a situation that electric kickboards are being damaged. For this reason, citizens' perception of shared electric kickboards has changed negatively, and it is said that the service of shared electric bicycles is limited in some cities. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a user filtering system that extracts Black Consumers that can negatively affect the rental system through indiscriminate use. When this system is introduced, it is expected that safe electric kickboard use and management will be possible.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.621-628
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• 2021

The characteristics of time changes in air temperature, DI (discomfort index) and WBGT (wet-bulb globe temperature) were investigated for inland city (daegu) and coastal city (pohang) of Gyeongbuk Province during the 2018 consecutive heat wave season. The time when the temperature dropped below 33℃ was around 19h in both regions. As such, the two regions were similar with respect to the time up to which the heatwave warning levels continued. However, the discomfort index (DI) was higher than 27 in Pohang. Most people feel unpleasant when an discomfort index of 27 or higher appears. The results indicated that Korea's night-time thermal environment during the summers is particularly poor in the southern coastal areas. WBGT began at 09:00 and lasted until 21:00, with a score of 31 or higher; this score, in principle, corresponded with the duration of outdoor activity in both regions. Therefore, it was found that outdoor work was at a level where all day long had to be stopped in both areas during the heat wave. Although time changes in temperature and WBGT were similar in both regions, Discomfort Index (DI) differed significantly. The difference refers to the fact that Pohang is strongly affected by the high heat capacity effect and the supply of water vapor from the sea.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.441-450
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• 2021

Objectives: Socioeconomic disadvantages interact with numerous factors which affect geriatric mental health. One of the main factors is the social relations of the elderly. The elderly have different experiences and meanings in their social lives depending on their socio-cultural environment. In this study, we compared the effects of social relations on depression among the elderly according to their living arrangement (living alone or living with others) and residential area. Methods: We defined social relations as "meetings with neighbors" (MN). We then analyzed the impact of MN on depression using data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging Panel with the generalized estimating equation model. We also examined the moderating effect of living alone and performed subgroup analysis by dividing the sample according to which area they lived in. Results: MN was associated with a reduced risk of depressive symptoms among elderlies. The size of the effect was larger in rural areas than in large cities. However, elderly those who lived alone in rural areas had a smaller protective impact of MN on depression, comparing to those who lived with others. The moderating effect of living alone was significant only in rural areas. Conclusions: The social relations among elderlies had a positive effect on their mental health: The more frequent MN were held, the less risk of depressive symptoms occurred. However, the effect may vary depending on their living arrangement and environment. Thus, policies or programs targeting to enhance geriatric mental health should consider different socio-cultural backgrounds among elderlies.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.477-487
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• 2021

Due to the global climate change, Korean peninsula is has been experiencing flooding and drought severely. It is hard difficult to manage water resources sustainably, because due to intensive precipitation in short periods and severe drought has increased in Korea. Reused water from the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) could be a sustainable and an alternative water source near the urban areas. In order to understand the patterns of water reuse in Korea, annual water reuses data according to the times and regional governments were investigated from 2008 to 2019. The reused water from WWTP in Korea has been mainly used for river maintenance flow and industrial use, while agricultural use of water reuse has decreased with time. Metropolitan cities in Korea such as Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Ulsan, and Incheon have been mainly used reused reusing water for river maintenance flow. Industrial water reuse has been limitedly applied recently for the planned industrial districts in Pohang, Gumi, Paju, and Asan. By using the collected annual water reuse data from the domestic sewerage statistics of sewerage, the optimistic and pessimistic future estimations of for future annual water reuse were suggested from 2020 to 2040 on a five year interval for every five years.