• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.91-109
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• 2013

The main objective of this research was to understand the latest trends of natural print design through the quantitative & qualitative analysis of fashion appeared in contemporary female collections. The research criteria was defined as 3 seasons from 2011 S/S to 2012 S/S. Data collection of 726 was done through review of 'pr$\hat{e}$t-$\grave{a}$-porter Collections' of three major fashion cities; Paris, Milan and NY. Statistical analysis of frequency with chi-square test was conducted. Also qualitative interpretation of natural print design' characteristics was completed. The main findings were as follows.; The average occurrence rate of natural print design from 2011SS to 2012 SS in three collections were 6.4% in Milan 6.4%, 5.5% in Paris and 6.8% in N.Y. The five source types of natural prints in contemporary women's fashion collections were identified and the order of their appearance were as follows: flowers, plants, animals, insects & marine organisms and compound one. The plant prints were expressed by stylized or realistic touch. Flower patterns showed more variables than plants, however, there were no big difference in their image and major characteristics. The animal prints demonstrated two aspects. First one used typical animal print of fur or skin, but the other one draw the animal figure like paintings. The compound source type presented the most interesting and fresh pattern design ideas. In the insects & marine organisms, mainly butterfly and seashell & starfish, etc. appeared as real shapes or sometimes were stylized.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.68-76
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• 2017

A recent issue of fine dust is particulate matter with a diameter of less than $10{\mu}g/m^3$. It's classified as a pollutant that has a fatal effect on the human body when inhaled. The fugitive dust must be well controlled, since the adverse effects of dust on the surroundings are increased when the dust is blown away by the wind. Since the construction site is the place where the most fugitive dust is discharged in Korea, managing the fugitive dust discharged from the construction site can be an important issue to solve the problem of domestic fine dust. However, since the construction industry in Korea is the largest in Korea, it is difficult to control the emission of fugitive dust in the domestic construction site. In this paper, we compare and analyze the fugitive dust regulations applied to construction sites in major cities and propose the improvement plans to help control the fugitive dust generated in domestic construction sites.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.43-48
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• 2006

This paper aims to suggest ways of institutionally improving standards that must be applied when installing Water Reclamation/Reuse (WRR) system based on efficiency analysis. Currently, the standard for WRR system establishment requires that the system should treat more than 10% of used water in the building of over $60,000m^2$ in total area of all floors, but our research has found that it would be more effective to change the standard to $150-m^3-per-day$ reclaimed water or the total area of all floors of $30,000m^2$ ($50,000m^2$ in the case of an office building). In other words, what this paper suggests is not a one-size-fits-all standard based on the total area of all floors, but a reasonable and flexible standard that takes into account efficiency and a unit water usage according to a building's purpose. Furthermore, this paper recommends a new WRR standard that can be applied to large-scale land development for housinglots, like the New Town. The recommendation is based on the economic analysis that the WRR system will ensure efficiency only if the amount of reclaimed water is over 4,000 tons per day, which corresponds to 4 millions square meters of housinglots. Regarding the size of the established facility, this paper suggests changing the standard, which is now set at over 10% of water usage, to what is relative to the total amount of use of reclaimed water in order to ensure efficiency and promote use of reclaimed water. In addition, this paper proposes that governmental support should be offered not only to facility owners, who are recipients at present, but also to facility builders. By doing so, those who donate a facility to the government, central or local, after building it, can be provided with substantial aid. Therefore, the application of the institutional improvement suggested in this paper is expected to create environment-friendly living conditions and boost the quality of life by encouraging people to secure water resources efficiently in buildings, and in a wider range, in cities.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.5-24
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to analyze the distribution structure and the logistics system of light petroleum products from the spatial perspectives. The consumption structure of petroleum products has been changed since the mid 1980s. The growth rate of consumption for light products has been much faster than those of heavy products. The distribution structure of the petroleum products is hierarchically established by refining companies, agencies, and gas stations. The petroleum products agencies are distributed unevenly over the country, and the number of gas stations per one petroleum agency are very differentiated by the region. The light products are directly transported from refining factories to oil storages and then are carried to gas stations. According to the locational characteristics, oil storages which play a key role in the logistics system are categorized into three type. The first type is demand-oriented oil storages which are located near or in the large cities to supply the light petroleum products. The second type is harbors-oriented oil storages which are located within harbors. The third type is railway-oriented oil storages which are located along railway stations. In this study, the thresholds of one oil storage and one gas station are calculated based on the size of supply territory for each oil storage. The average number of population demand that allow a oil storage to stay in business is 1.9 million and average number of cars are 477,200.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.576-596
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• 2009

Recently the World Bank released its World Development Report 2009 (hereafter WDR 2009) with the title 'Reshaping Economic Geography.' In the report, the Korean experience in regional development policy was highly praised. Also, the current government has been trying to reshape the regional development policy in view of 5+2 Economic Regions. The main theme of this paper is how to establish the highly valueadding economic system and how to deal with scale economies for regional development. In this paper these tasks in Korea's regional policy were discussed with reference to the WDR 2009. Enhancing the density of the central city of each Economic Region, reducing the economic distance between cities and rural areas, and getting rid of the barriers to cooperation between provinces are the keys for the efficiency and the effectiveness of the regional policy. In addition, strengthening the national solidarity through collaborative development of 5+2 Economic Regions still remains as one of the major tasks of the Korean government.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.98 no.1
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• pp.88-93
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• 2009

The overall purpose of this study was to figure out psycho-physiological variations in human bodies according to observing visual images of forests. To collect data, the authors employed 9 views each in three different environments such as cities, forests, and landscape which combines a forest with water. The experiment was conducted by showing total 27 images to 30 visitors to measure the subjects' changes of alpha waves of EEG(electroencephalogram). As measures of psychological impact of the views, PRS(Perceived Restorativeness Scale) and PANAS(Positive and Negative Affect Schedule) were used. The results of the data analyses indicated that the views of landscape with a forest and water influenced most highly on subjects' psycho-physiological responses.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.280-286
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• 2013

Despite well established health benefits, today's children do not eat enough vegetables. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between the number of unfamiliar foods in the vegetable food group and the preference for these foods and dietary factors. Subjects were 1,072 children in 5th and 6th grades from elementary schools located in 4 cities in Gyeonggi-do, Korea. A two-page questionnaire consisted of questions asking about the subjects' preference and familiarity for 64 foods in the vegetable group, preferences for three fast foods, four types of vegetable dishes, and six tastes. Also included in the questionnaire were questions assessing subjects' adherence to national dietary guidelines. The subjects were divided into quintiles according to the number of unfamiliar vegetables; the 1st quintile (N=226) was children who had less than 14 unfamiliar vegetables and the 5th quintile (N=229) was more than 29. Compared to the children in the other quintiles, the children in the 5th quintile had a significantly lower adherence to national dietary guidelines regarding consumptions of vegetable and protein sources, regular exercise, awareness of desirable height and weight, and reading food labels, as well as total (P<0.05). The preferences for bland tastes (P<0.05), salads (saengchae, P<0.01), stir-fried vegetables (P<0.01), and several vegetable items (P<0.05) were significantly lower in the 5th quintile compared to the other quintiles. This study proposes the potential benefits of teaching children names of a variety of vegetables to improve their dietary factors such as food preferences and dietary habits.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.45-65
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze the life satisfaction of a single household head. This study examined the life satisfaction level of the single household head and analyzed the contributing factors. Data for this study were from the 7th KLIPS (7th Korea Labor and Income Panel Study), and the sample. consisted of 241 single household heads (including 83 male household single heads and 158 female single household heads). The statistics used for the analysis were frequencies, percentile, means, standardization, ANOVA, and multiple regression. The results were as follows. First, 53% of the household heads were due to their spouses' death, 34% of the household heads were single due to divorce, and 13% were single for other reasons. The average age of a single household head was 51 years, and the average education level of a single household head was 9.7 years and 70% of the single household heads were employed. Approximately 46% of the single household heads lived in small-and medium-sized cities. Second, the level of satisfaction with income, leisure, and residence of the single household head was lower than the middle level (3.0 points), while the level of satisfaction with family relationships, relatives, and social relationships was higher than the middle level (3.0 points). Third, there were differences in the life satisfaction level of single household heads in accordance with the single household head's marriage status, residence, recognition of health status, and current financial situation. Finally, significant variables contributing to the life satisfaction level of the single household head were gender, educational level, residence, monthly total income, satisfaction level of leisure, and family relationships. The most influential variable was the residence.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.95-105
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to develop a standardized manual to help an educational agency manage the school milk program in cities and provinces. Towards this purpose, we carried out an observational study, content analysis, and survey as the first step. After developing the standardized manual and modifying its contents based on a panel discussion, we implement the delphi-technique as the second step. The standardized manual was composed of an introduction, the administrative direction of educational agency, the management of the school milk program, the management of the free milk program, teaching guidance, selection and contract of supplier, and an appendix. The manual was distributed to over 16 educational agencies for managing the school milk program and was promoted to public officials, such as the officers of educational agencies, the school district officials, and the officers of ministry of agriculture and forestry. The developed manual was targeted for used in schools throughout the nation, but was accepted with reservation in different regions. Therefore, school milk program would be expected to be an efficient management and operation through the use of a standardized manual.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.71-86
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• 2008

Purpose : This study was to examine the influence of job stress of 119 Emergency Medical Technician on fatigue and job satisfaction. Methods : Subjects of this study were 228 Emergency Medical Technicians who worked at 119 Safety Center of total 92 fire stations in 12 cities of Gyeonggido including U, N, H, B, A, S, Y, G, G, G, P and I and the period of data collection was from July 11 to Sep. 10, 2007. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS 14.0 version. Results : Conclusions of this study were as follows. 1) Factor related to organization among job stress factors had the greatest influence on fatigue (B = 0.334, p < 0.01), followed by crisis situation factor (B = 0.2042, p < 0.01), inappropriate treatment factor (B = 0.174, p < 0.05), role conflict factor as special job (B = 0.109, p < 0.05) and professional knowledge and technique factor (B = 0.109, p < 0.05), and the influence of job stress factors on fatigue was explained as $R^2=0.340$. 2) Mental burden factor of job stress factors had the greatest influence on job satisfaction (B = -0.606, p < 0.01), followed by organization factor (B = -0.473, p < 0.01) and interpersonal relation and conflict factor (B = -0.339, p < 0.01), and the influence of job stress factor on fatigue was explained as $R^2=0.308$. Conclusions : Job stress of 119 rescuer is increasing continuously and such an accumulated stress lowers the job efficiency. In order to reduce, job stress, it is important to extend(${\rightarrow}$ have) proper self-development, maintain close relationships and mutual correlations among members of organization in personal dimension and to solve the role conflicts, define the organizational roles and simplify excessive job description into concrete work.