• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.1197-1204
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• 2004

The metropolitan cities and operation companies of urban transit railway are driving to construct the LRT(light rail transit) system because of the advantage of construction cost and environmental serviceability. This study suggests the optimal design method of steel box girder considering dynamic characteristics of LRT with rubber wheel. The behavior and design constraints are formulated based on the structural design criteria for LRT. Genetic algorithm is applied to the minimum weight design of structural system. A typical example is solved to illustrate the applicability of the proposed minimization algorithm. From the results of application example, the optimum design of steel box girder is successfully accomplished. Therefore, this system can act as a consultant to assist novice designers in the design of steel box girder for LRT with rubber wheel.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.516-521
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• 2003

The presentation and development of LRT(light rail transit) is one of the effective solution to reduce the heavy traffic problems of urban area The metropolitan cities and operation companies of urban transit railway are driving to. construct the LRT system because of the advantage of construction cost and environmental serviceability. Up to now, the design criteria of structures for LRT is not established. Therefore, this paper presents the structural design criteria for LRT with rubber wheels. The proposed code provides a means of establishing minimum standards for acceptance of design and construction of LRT. In order to improve the proposed design criteria, some details will be tested and evaluated in test line.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.52-57
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• 2003

This study suggests several ways to improve the railroad facilities in the urban areas so as to maintain the urban railroad facilities and minimize their adverse impact on the roads around the facilities. Environmental problems such as noise and vibration can be minimized by constructing soundproofing walls and improving railway and train systems. To reduce the traffic congestion at the railroad crossings, current at-grade crossings should be changed to separated crossings. Moreover, the criteria by where railroad crossings are located should be revised. In the long term, the land use development for the railroad station and the surrounding areas needs to be changed. Several case studies of Japan's and France's major cities show the potential of successfully integrating the development of railroad facilities and their surrounding areas. In addition, there is a need to .consider institutional aspects, to improve the railroad facilities in the urban areas and to allow the integrated development of the railroad facilities and the surrounding areas.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.1138-1150
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• 2014

The Purpose of this study was conducted to investigate the factors influencing SNS addiction among university students for providing the basic data to develop SNS addiction prevention program. The data were collected from 363 university students in B & K cities from 2 to 19 September, 2013 and analyzed with t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression by using SPSS 21.0 program. The significant factors of SNS addiction were average using time daily in weekend(${\beta}=.116$, p=.003), SNS using time per connect(${\beta}=.156$, p=<.001), communication motive(${\beta}=.214$, p<.001), non-loneliness motive(${\beta}=.114$, p=.010), social capital(${\beta}=.127$, p=.001), psychological problems(${\beta}=.381$, p<.001). And these factors explained 54.2% of the variance in SNS addiction. In conclusion, the results from this study indicated a need to develop the intervention program to prevent SNS addiction for health promotion of university students.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.278-284
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• 1993

A simplified TAC method was developed for the selection of design temperature and absolute humidity for peak cooling and heating load calculation with ETD method. And the design data of the 11 major cities in Korea were obtained. Based on the simplified TAC method, the design data for summer and autumn cooling season were selected by the TAC 5.0% of July through August and TAC 5.0% of October, respectively. But the design data for winter heating season were selected by the conventional TAC 2.5% of the full winter season.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.316-322
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• 1992

A simplified TAC method was developed for the selection of solar atmospheric transmittance data fundamental to the calculation of design solar radiation for the peak cooling load calculation using ETD method. The summer and autumn solar atmospheric transmittance data of the 11 major cities in Korea were obtained. Based on the simplified TAC method, the atmospheric transmittance data were selected by the TAC 2.5% of July instead of the TAC 2.5% of June through September for summer and the TAC 5.0% of October instead of the TAC 2.5% of October and November for autumn. Results show that the atmospheric transmittance data at solar noon were in the range of 0.61-0.66 for summer and 0.78-0.82 for autumn except for Pusan and Incheon.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.515-517
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• 2004

Although sustainable development of a city should in theory be based on updated spatial information like land cover/use changes, in practice there are no effective tools to get such information. However the development of satellite and sensor technologies has increased the supply of high resolution satellite data, allowing cost-effective, multi-temporal monitoring. Especially KOMPSAT-1(KOrea Multi-Purpose SATellite) acquired a large number of images of the whole Korean peninsula and covering some large cities a number of times. In this study land-use patterns and trends of Daejeon from the year 2000 to the year 2003 will be considered using land use maps which are generated by manual interpretation of multi-temporal KOMPSAT EOC imagery and to show the possibility of using high resolution satellite remote sensing data for urban analysis.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.29-34
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• 1999

1.The domestic waste generated in Iksan city was 177 tons a day last year. 27 tons of that were recycled daily. Due to increased awareness the recycling rate also increased. 2. It is preferred to get continuous publicity and to enforce the program steadily to activate exchange centers and places like a flea market for reusable things, which will lead to increase the life-span of the current designated landfill site. 3. Because burying food waste in underground will be prohibited from year 2005, the reutilization of food waste by feeding domestic animals like ducks and making artificial fertilizer are preferred. 4. The case of Iksan city is expected to be a model to other cities by establishing a display room to accommodate its detail work demonstration, displaying modeled utilization items and exchange center, incinerator, duck ranch, lawn ground, etc. for making a city as an environmental preservation city model.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.37-42
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• 2007

The scale and the extent of a aging of population of a rural are more serious than those of a urban in China. However, the welfare policy and the service for the aged in the rural are inferior. China established the different systems of social welfare policy for the city and the rural and has administered it since the china was established. Owing to an open-door policy(opening of a reform) the gap between the two got more deeply distinguished. Accordingly. the striking difference is shown in a living environment and a quality of life of the cities and the rural. I made clear the difference of services for the aged in the rural and the urban examining daily lives, medical industry, recreation systems and so on and analyzing their sources. In addition, I proposed the ways to establish synthetic social welfare policy of the urban and the rural.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.142-147
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• 2008

Limited fossil fuels and unstable energy supply are considered as one of the critical problems in architecture requiring large amounts of energy. In order to this challenge, environment-friendly architecture design is required. Especially, Application of solar energy as a clean energy source and one kind of renewable energy. Many sites however are mainly concentrated in the developed countries, and are scarcer within the developing world. Simple radiation estimation models using meteorologically observed input parameters are often used in the applications requiring rough estimations of solar radiation. In this paper, measurements of global solar radiation and cloud data hours in climatological locations in South Korea are used to develop an estimation in solar radiation. The results of measured data are compared with the results obtained from equations, internationally accepted correlations.