• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.527-536
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• 2012

In this paper we analyze the effect of circular variables such as wind direction, time and month on the ozone level. In particular, we examined the effect of wind direction by exploratory data analysis methods and provide the correlation and regression analyzes in the cases including all circular explanatory variables. In the analysis, we convert time and month variables to circular variables and analyze the effect of these variables on regression analysis; in addition, we also consider circular-circular regression. We used weather condition and air pollution data collected from Dongdaemoon district of Seoul in 2007.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.961-966
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• 2011

Circular variables are those that have a period in its range. Their examples include direction of animal migration, and time of drug administration, just to mention a few. Statistical analysis of circular variables is quite different from that of linear variable due to its periodic nature. In this paper, the author proposes new circular regression models using geodesic lines on the surface of the sample space of the response and the predictor variables.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.394-404
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• 2002

The drawbead model for a three-dimensional a finite element analysis of sheet metal forming processes is developed. The mathematical models of the basic drawbeads like circular drawbead, stepped drawbead, and squared drawbaed are first derived using the bending theory, belt-pulley equation, and Coulomb friction law. Next, the experiments for finding the drawing characteristics of the drawbead are performed. Based on mathematical models and drawing test results, expert models of basic drawbeads are then developed employing a linear multiple regression method. For the expert models of combined drawbeads such as the double circular drawbead, double stepped drawbead, circular-and-stepped drawbead, etc., those of the basic drawbeads are summed. Finally, in order to verify the expert models developed, the drawing characteristics calculated by the expert models of the double circular drawbead and circular-and-stepped drawbead are compared with those obtained from the experiments. The predictions by expert models agree well with the measurements by experiments.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.143-151
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• 2017

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to develop models of accidents occurring at circular intersections related to the time of day and night and driver gender, and to provide countermeasures for safer circular intersections. METHODS : Seventy intersections built before 2008 were surveyed for inclusion in the modeling. Traffic accident data from 2008 to 2014 were collected from the TAAS data set of the Road Traffic Authority. Sixteen variables explaining the accidents including geometry and traffic volume were selected from the literature and seven multiple linear regression models were developed using SPSS 20.0. RESULTS : First, the null hypotheses, that the number of traffic accidents are not related to driver gender or time of day, were rejected at a 5% level of significance. Second, seven statistically significant accident models with $R^2$ value of 0.643-0.890 were developed. Third, in daytime models by gender, when the right-turn-only lane was selected as the common variable, the number of lanes, presence of driveways and speed humps, diagrammatic exit destination sign, and total entering traffic volume were evaluated as specific variables. Finally, in nighttime models by gender, when the diagrammatic exit destination sign was selected as the common variable, total entering traffic volume, presence of right-turn-only lanes, number of circulatory road way lanes, and presence of splitter islands and driveways were identified as specific variables. CONCLUSIONS:This study developed seven accident models and analyzed the common and specific variables by time of day and gender. The results suggest approaches to providing countermeasures for safer circular intersections.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.344-354
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• 2019

Purpose: No standard technique has been established for esophagojejunal anastomosis during laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) for gastric cancer owing to the technical difficulty and high complication rate of this procedure. This study was performed to compare the short-term outcomes of circular and linear stapling methods after LTG. Materials and Methods: A total of 106 patients treated between July 2010 and July 2018 were divided into 2 groups according to the following anastomosis procedures: hemi-double-stapling technique (HDST; circular stapling method; group C, n=77) or overlap method (linear stapling method; group L, n= 29). The clinicopathological features and postoperative outcomes, including complications, were analyzed. Multivariate analysis was performed using a logistic regression model to identify the independent risk factors for anastomotic complications. Results: The incidence of anastomotic complications was significantly higher in group C than in group L (28.0% vs. 6.9%, P=0.031). The incidence of anastomosis leakage did not differ between the groups (6.5% vs. 6.9%, P=1.000). However, anastomosis stricture occurred only in group C (13% vs. 0%, P=0.018). Multivariate analysis showed that the anastomosis type was significantly related to the risk of anastomotic complications (P=0.045). Conclusions: The overlap method was superior to the HDST with respect to anastomotic complications, especially anastomosis stricture.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.75-85
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• 2018

PURPOSES : This study aimed to analyze traffic accidents at circular intersections, and discuss accident reduction strategies based on land use and vehicle type. METHODS : Traffic accident data from 2010 to 2014 were collected from the "traffic accident analysis system" (TAAS) data set of the Road Traffic Authority. To develop the accident rate model, a multiple linear regression model was used. Explanatory variables such as geometry and traffic volume were used to develop the models. RESULTS : The main results of the study are as follows. First, it was found that the null hypotheses that land use and vehicle type do not affect the accident rate should be rejected. Second, 16 accident rate models, which are statistically significant (with high $R^2$ values), were developed. Finally, the area of the central island, number of speed humps, entry lane width, circulatory roadway width, bus stops, and pedestrian crossings were analyzed to determine their effect on accidents according to the type of land use and vehicle. CONCLUSIONS : Through the developed accident rate models, it was revealed that the accident factors at circular intersections changed depending on land use and vehicle type. Thus, selecting the appropriate location of bus stops for trucks, widening entry lanes for cars, and installing splitter islands and optimal lighting for motorcycles were determined to be important for reducing the accident rate. Additionally, the evaluation showed that commercial and mixed land use had a weaker effect on accidents than residential land use.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 카본시트튜브로 구속된 원형기둥에 반복 횡하중을 가하여 기둥의 휨내력을 평가하는 실험을 수행하였다. 중립축을 기준으로 압축 및 인장측 단면의 모멘트를 이용하여 공칭모멘트를 계산하는 등가응력블록계산법을 소개하였다. 또한 실험결과를 분석하여 횡 하중에 대한 거동을 예측할 수 있는 회귀식을 마련하여 실험결과와 비교하였다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.271-276
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• 2002

Existing design equations generally overestimate the shear strength of the circular transverse reinforcement. This is due to the simplification of the discrete distribution of the reinforcement to the continuous one and the inappropriate application of the classical truss model to the circular section, which is different in shear-resisting component from the rectangular section. The present study introduces a new model considering the starting point of the diagonal crack, the number of transverse reinforcing bars crossing the crack and the effective strength component of the transverse resistance. This model leads to a simple design equation which is derived using the linear regression method and is in agreement with the lower bound of exact strength curve.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2010

지금까지 Martin 등(1999)의 선형관계식에 의한 스폴링 깊이 평가법이 널리 이용되어 왔으나, 이 방법은 원형 공동에만 적용될 수 있으며 실제 스폴링 발생현장에 적용한 결과 과대평가하는 결과를 보였다. 한편, 스폴링 폭을 평가하는 방법은 아직까지 제시되어 있지 않아 적절하게 평가가 이루어지지 못했다. 그러나, 스폴링 영역에 대한 적절한 보강을 위해서는 스폴링 깊이와 스폴링 폭에 대한 정량적인 평가가 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 스폴링 관측사례와 스폴링 발생현장의 CWFS 수치해석 사례를 통해 3가지 스폴링 평가인자의 함수로 표현되는 정규화 스폴링 깊이와 정규화 스폴링 폭의 선형회귀식을 도출하였고, 통계추론에 의한 95% 신뢰구간을 통해 회귀식의 신뢰성을 검증하였다. 제안된 선형회귀식으로부터 예측된 스폴링 깊이와 스폴링 폭은 회귀관계의 분산도를 고려한 가중치를 적용함으로써 현장관측결과를 합리적으로 예측할 수 있었다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.982-988
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• 2002

철근콘크리트 기둥에서 원형 전단철근에 의한 전단강도 성분을 산정하는 기존의 기준식들은 일반적으로 그 강도를 과대평가하는 경향이 있다. 그 이유는 불연속분포로 이루어진 철근의 배근을 단순한 연속분포로 가정하는 데에서 기인하며, 또 다른 한편으로는 단면이 직사각형인 부재에 사용되는 설계식을 원형 단면에 그대로 적용함으로써 발생한다. 전단철근은 부재에 대각선균열이 발생하면서 그 역할이 시작된다고 할 수 있는데, 원형 단면은 직사각형 단면과는 달리 균열을 가로지르는 지점에 따라 전단력에 저항하는 성분이 달라지기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 원형 전단철근에 대하여 대각선 균열의 시작점과 그 균열을 가로지르는 전단철근의 개수, 그리고 원형단면 상에서의 저항성분의 변화를 고려한 새로운 강도모델을 제안하고자 하였다. 제안된 모델의 수학적인 해석에 따르면 균열을 가로지르는 철근의 개수가 적을수록 균열의 시작점 및 균열의 수직투영거리가 철근의 배근 간격과 이루는 배율이 철근의 전단저항에 미치는 영향이 크다는 사실을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과로 도출된 불연속 모델을 설계에 이용될 수 있는 식으로 단순화시키기 위해 선형회귀법이 이용되었으며, 이렇게 유도된 설계방정식은 수학적 정해의 하한계 값에 부합하는 결과를 가져왔다.