• Title/Summary/Keyword: chronic disease

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Are Patients with Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Preferred Targets of COVID-19?

  • Bouazza, Belaid;Hadj-Said, Dihia;Pescatore, Karen A.;Chahed, Rachid
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.84 no.1
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    • pp.22-34
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    • 2021
  • The coronavirus pandemic, known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is an infectious respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus first identified in patients from Wuhan, China. Since December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has spread swiftly around the world, infected more than 25 million people, and caused more than 800,000 deaths in 188 countries. Chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) appear to be risk factors for COVID-19, however, their prevalence remains controversial. In fact, studies in China reported lower rates of chronic respiratory conditions in patients with COVID-19 than in the general population, while the trend is reversed in the United States and Europe. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms of a possible interaction between COVID-19 and chronic respiratory diseases remain unknown, some observations can help to elucidate them. Indeed, physiological changes, immune response, or medications used against SARS-CoV-2 may have a greater impact on patients with chronic respiratory conditions already debilitated by chronic inflammation, dyspnea, and the use of immunosuppressant drugs like corticosteroids. In this review, we discuss importance and the impact of COVID-19 on asthma and COPD patients, the possible available treatments, and patient management during the pandemic.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Respiratory Review of 2014

  • Lee, Young-Min
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.77 no.4
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    • pp.155-160
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    • 2014
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by a diverse array of pulmonary and nonpulmonary manifestations, but our understanding of COPD pathogenesis and the factors that influence its heterogeneity in disease presentation is poor. Despite this heterogeneity, treatment algorithms are primarily driven by a single measurement, forced expiratory volume in 1 second ($FEV_1$) as a percentage of its predicted value ($FEV_1%$). In 2011, a major shift in Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) treatment recommendations was proposed that stratifies patients with COPD on the basis of symptoms and exacerbation history. This article reviews the work reported in 2013 that enlightens our understanding of COPD with respect to COPD classification systems, phenotype, biomarker, exacerbation, and management for patients with COPD.

The Effect of Jeongcheonhwadam-tang on Peak Expiratory Flow in Chronic Pulmonary Disease Patient with Dyspnea (호흡곤란을 동반한 만성호흡기질환 환자에서 정천화담탕이 최고호기유속에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Heo, Tae-Yool;Im, Jae-Hyung;Park, Dong-Il
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.875-880
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    • 2005
  • Object : Dyspnea is a one of the common symptom in pulmonary disease. Jungchunghwadam-tang was used to treat chronic pulmonary disease patients with dyspnea. Thus in this study we evaluate the effect of Jungchunghwadam-tang on dyspnea. Methods : In this study, ten chronic pulmonary disease patients were treated with Jungchunghwadam-tang. Peak expiratory flow were obtained by peak flow meter. Result : After the treatment, peak expiratory flow was increased significantly compared with before treatment. Percentage of predict peak expiratory flow was also increased significantly compared with before treatment. Conclusion : The result of this study demonstrate that Jungchunghwadam-tang taken for dyspnea on chronic pulmonary disease are effective. Further investigation in well designed follow up study is needed.

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NLRP3 Inflammasome as Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory Diseases

  • Annamneedi Venkata Prakash;Il-Ho Park;Jun Woo Park;Jae Pil Bae;Geum Seon Lee;Tae Jin Kang
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.395-401
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    • 2023
  • Innate immunity is a first line defence system in the body which is for sensing signals of danger such as pathogenic microbes or host-derived signals of cellular stress. Pattern recognition receptors (PRR's), which present in the cell memebrane, are suspect the infection through pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP), and activate innate immunity with response to promote inflammation via inflammatory cells such as macrophages and neutrophils, and cytokines. Inflammasome are protein complexes which are part of innate immunity in inflammation to remove pathogens and repair damaged tissues. What is the important role of inflammation in disease? In this review, we are focused on the action mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome in inflammatory diseases such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, and sepsis.

Construct a Structural Model for Health Promoting Behavior of Chronic Illness (만성 질환자의 건강 증진 행위 구조모형 구축)

  • 이숙자;김소인;이평숙;김순용;박은숙;박영주;유호신;장성옥;한금선
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.62-76
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    • 2002
  • This study was designed to construct a structural model for health promoting behavior of patients with chronic disease. The hypothetical model was developed based on the literature review and Pender's health promotion model. Method: Data was collected by questionnaires from 1748 patients with chronic disease in General Hospital from December 1999 to July 2000 in Seoul. The disease of subject were cardiac disease included hypertension peptic ulcer, pulmonary disease included COPD and asthma, DM, and chronic kidney disease. Data analysis was done with SAS 6.12 for descriptive statistics and PC-LISREL 8.13 Program for Covariance structural analysis. Results: 1. The fit of the hypothetical model to the data was moderate, it was modified by excluding 4 path and including free parameters to it. The modified model with path showed a good fitness to the empirical data (χ2=591.83, p<.0001, GFI=0.97, AGFI= 0.94, NNFI=0.95, RMSR=0.01, RMSEA=0.05). 2. The perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, self- esteem, and the plan for action were found to have significant direct effect on health promoting behavior of chronic disease. 3. The health concept, health perception, emotional state, social support were found to have indirect effects on health promoting behavior of chronic disease. Conclusion: The derived model in this study is considered appropriate in explaining and predicting health promoting behavior of patients with chronic disease. Therefore, it can effectively be used as a reference model for further studies and suggested implication in nursing practice.

Relationship between Oral Health Morphology of Workers and Risk Factors of Chronic Disease (근로자의 구강건강행태와 만성질환 위험요인과의 관련성)

  • Ku, In-Young;Mun, Won-Suk;Kang, Ji-Hun;Ryu, Hae-Gyum
    • Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.11-20
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    • 2013
  • Purpose. A huge proportion of adults in korea, workers chronic disease risk factors have been growing every year, these are closely related to oral health. thus, through the study of the relationship between workers oral health behavior and chronic disease risk factors. Methods. The subjects were 4,600 workers volunteering at the oral health education program part of the industrial health education of some area work places. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi-square test, Rogistic regression analysis. Results. The results of chronic disease risk factor according to oral health practice behaviors show that currently drinking and smoking, not visiting to the dentist for last year, fewer toothbrushing were associated with chronic disease risk factors. This result was statistically significant as well.(p<0.05). Risk factors influencing chronic disease were gender, age, job period, dental clinic visiting, the number of toothbrushing, perceived oral health state, smoking, and drinking, these were statistically significant as well(p<0.05). Conclusions. Chronic disease that could threaten workers health was related with the oral health practice behavior. Therefore through factors identification affecting general health and oral health, dental care providers aims to increase workers awareness of health care behavior and lifestyle and to suggest periodical health education promotion program for high risk workers who exposed to risk factors of disease within workplace.

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Client-Centered Self Management Program for Chronic Disease Patients: Focusing on Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus (대상자 중심의 만성질환 자가관리 프로그램: 고혈압, 당뇨병을 중심으로)

  • Song, Yeon Yi;Lee, Kang-Sook;Cho, Hyun-Young;Lee, Binna
    • Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.93-106
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    • 2014
  • Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop the efficient program protecting shift to cerebrovascular disease as complication for patients with diabetes and hypertension. Methods: Chronic disease self management program(CDSMP), implement manual, action plan, Q&A card and motivation methods were suggested based on Bandura's social learning theory through reviewing various literatures and cases. Results: This program can increase self-efficacy, individual health behavior change and quality of life and it makes to continuous care of chronic disease. Conclusion: In order to operate chronic disease self-management program, standardized education courses training of specialist leaders and expert patients leaders would be required. And the development enlargement of self-management program for various other chronic disease such as arthritis, back pain, atopy, asthma would be required in the future.