• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.704-712
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• 2013

This study was designed to examine the effects of bitter melon (BM) on the plasma blood glucose and cholesterol levels in diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats through an injection of streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in a citrate buffer into the tail vein at a dose of 45 mg/kg of body weight. Sprague-Dawley rats were then fed for four weeks, with the experimental groups receiving a modified diet containing 5% or 10% powder derived from BM. The experimental groups were divided into 4 groups, consisting of the normal control group, STZ-control group and diabetic fed with BM 5% & 10% treated groups. The rats' body weight, blood glucose and cholesterol values were measured along with the hematocrit (Hct) values and aminotransferase activities. Body weight losses were observed in the diabetic groups, whereas the control rats gained weight. There were significant differences in kidney weight between the control group and the diabetic groups. The Hct levels of the diabetic BM-treated group were significantly higher than the STZ-control group. Aspartate aminotransferase activity was lower in the non-diabetic group compared to the diabetic experimental groups. Further, the blood glucose was significantly decreased in the 5% & 10% BM of the diabetic group. There were no significant difference in cholesterol levels among the diabetic groups. These results indicate that the supplementation of bitter melon may have a favorable influence on reducing the blood glucose level in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.71-79
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• 1981

The purpose of this paper is to find out whether Du-chung tea and Du-chung tea added with Stevia leaves are suitable for everyday use of diabetics. For this purpose, states of diabetic rabbit, induced by giving alloxan to normal rabbit, were examined in two cases. One was to administer Du-chung tea sweetened by sugar to the above same animal and the other to apply Du-chung tea sweetened by Stevia leaves, instead of sugar, under the equal condition. A study was carried out to determine the effects on blood sugar level, contents of BUN (blood urea nitrogen) and total cholesterol, and GPT (glutamic pyruvate transaminase) activity in both groups. The following results were obtained. 1) Sweetness of Du-chung tea added with 0.3-0.5% Stevia leaves was never to the standard sweetness. 2) Sweetness of Du-chung tea with 2% sugar plus 0.2% Stevia leaves was the nearest to the standard sweetness. 3) Du-chung tea with 0.5% Stevia leaves was recognized as the most effective the next was Du-chung tea no sweetening, and the worst was Du-chung tea with sugar. Addition of 0.2% Stevia leaves without lessening sugar concentration of the above Du-chung tea showed the same result as Du-chung tea with sugar. 4) Du-chung tea with Stevia leaves and Du-chung tea without sweetening had the tendency of reducing the total cholesterol content in serum, while only Du-chung tea with Stevia leaves presented remarked difference after 4, 6 and 10 days, when they were compared with control group. 5) Degree of CPT, activity had in general the similar tendency- to that of total cholesterol content. 6) Taken Du-chung tea with Stevia leaves and Du-chung tea without sweetening, the BUN content showed reducing tendency in small quanity, but, having little defference from control group.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권8호
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• pp.684-692
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• 2007

This study was performed to investigate the effect of chongkukjang intake on lipid metabolism and liver function in ethanol consumed rats. Twenty one Sprague-Dawley male rats aging 4 weeks old were used as experimental animals, which were divided into three dietary groups; casein diet(CA), soybean diet(SB) and chongkukjang diet(CJ). Alcohol was consumed with water as 25%(v/v) ethanol solution. After 4 weeks of experimental period, rats were sacrificed to get blood and liver samples for analysis of lipids, lipid peroxides, antioxidative enzymes and biochemical indices of liver function. The mean body weight, food intake and liver index were not significantly different among three groups. Serum level of total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol of chongkukjang diet group was the lowest among three groups although the difference was not significant. HDL-cholesterol level was significantly(p<0.05) higher in chongkukjang diet group than that of casein diet group. LDL-cholesterol level of chongkukjang and soybean diet group was significantly(p<0.05) lower than that of casein diet group respectively. Liver TBARS of chongkukjang and soybean diet group was significantly(p<0.05) lower than that of casein diet group respectively. The superoxide dismutase activity of chongkukjang diet group was significantly(p<0.05) higher than that of casein diet group. Catalase activity was not significantly different among three groups. As indices of liver function, glutamic oxaloacetic transminase(GOT), glutamic pyruvic transminase(GPT), $\gamma$-glutamyl transpeptidase($\gamma$-GTP) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) were not significantly different among three groups. Serum alcohol concentration and activities of alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH) were not significantly different among three groups. The chongkukjang diet seems to give a beneficial effect for improving lipid metabolism by increasing HDL-cholesterol level and SOD activity while reducing liver TBARS level. However, effect on liver function has to be investigated further.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.200-206
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• 2008

본 연구는 쌀 배아를 활용한 만성 대사성질환 예방용 제품 및 건강기능성 식품 개발의 일환으로써 고콜레스테롤 식이를 급여하여 고지혈증을 유발시킨 흰쥐에서 15%의 배아와 25%의 흑미 미강색소 배아젤리의 첨가가 혈장과 간 조직의 지질 대사와 항산화효소의 환성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 실험 식이를 6주 간 급여한 결과, 배아와 흑미 미강색소 배아젤리 첨가는 실험동물의 식이섭취에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 배아군과 흑미 미강색소 배아젤리군은 고콜레스테롤 급여 대조군에 비해 혈장의 총 콜레스테롤과 LDL-콜레스테롤 및 간의 중성지방과 총 콜레스테롤 농도를 감소시키고, HDL-콜레스테롤 농도와 HDL-C/TC 비는 증가시켰으며, 동맥경화지수는 감소시켜 체내 지질대사의 개선 효과가 있었다. 혈장 GOT와 GPT 수치는 배아와 흑미 미강색소 배아젤리를 첨가하였을 때 감소하여 고콜레스테롤혈증 상태에서 간 기능 보호에 긍정적인 효과가 있었다. 또한 배아와 흑미 미강색소 배아젤리는 고콜레스테롤 급여로 인해 증가된 혈장과 간 내의 지질과산화를 억제시키는 효과가 있었다. 반면, 항산화 효소인 간 조직의 SOD와 CAT활성은 배아와 배아젤리 첨가에 따라 증가하였다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 배아와 흑미 미강색소 배아젤리는 고콜레스테롤 식이 흰쥐의 간 조직에서의 항산화 활성을 강화시키고 산화적 손상을 억제시키는 자용이 있으며 현장과 간조직의 지질대사를 개선하여 심혈관계 질환을 예방 및 감소시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.353-362
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 표준화된 곰피추출물의 항산화 및 콜레스테롤 개선에 대한 효능평가를 통해 건강기능식품 소재로서의 가치를 검토하기 위해 총 폴리페놀, 총 플라보노이드 및 dieckol 함량을 측정하였으며 DPPH, ABTS radical 소거능, reducing power 및 FRAP 활성을 통하여 곰피추출물의 in vitro 항산화 활성을 조사하였고 표준화된 곰피추출물의 HMG-CoA reductase 저해 활성 및 세포 내 콜레스테롤 생성 억제 효능을 평가하였다. 표준화된 곰피추출물의 총 폴리페놀, 총 플라보노이드 및 dieckol 함량은 각각 9.64±0.04 mg GAE/g, 2.72±0.08 mg RE/g, 27.42±0.66 mg/g으로 나타났다. 표준화된 곰피추출물의 in vitro 항산화활성, HMG-CoA reductase 저해활성 및 세포 내 콜레스테롤 생성 억제 효능은 농도의존적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 이는 표준화된 곰피추출물에 함유되어 있는 페놀성 화합물에 기인된 효능으로 사료되며 항산화성분, 항산화 효과, 콜레스테를 개선 효능간의 상관관계가 있음을 확인하였다. 향후, 표준화된 곰피추출물에 대한 in vivo 모델에서의 전임상 연구 및 작용기전 입증되면 인체적용시험을 통해 이중기능성을 갖는 건강기능식품의 개발이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.417-425
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to confirm that regular physical exercise habit and calcium intake play a role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly to confirm that regular exercise is important in reducing serum lipid levels in postmenopausal women. Subjects were classified into regular exercise group(more than 3 times/wk, more than 30 min per exercise) and non-regular exercise group. A convenient frequency method was used to assess the nutritional intake of subjects. Anthropometric measurement such as body weight and height, and blood pressure were measured. There was no significant difference between non-regular exercise group and regular exercise group in energy intake and calcium intake. The total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in non-regular exercise group were significantly higher than those in regular exercise group. There were no significant correlations between age or weight with blood lipids and blood pressure in regular exercise group, while there were significant positive correlations between age or weight with blood lipids and blood pressure in non-regular exercise group. The levels of serum cholesterol, triglyceride, blood pressure and atherogenic index increased with age in non-regular exercise women. The blood pressure in low total Ca intake/plant Ca intake ratio group was significantly higher than that in high total Ca intake/plant Ca intake ratio group. There was a highly significant positive correlation between Ca intake and HDL-cholesterol in non-regular exercise women. And, there was a highly significant negative correlation between Ca intake and blood pressure in regular exercise women. The results suggest that increased habitual physical activity and calcium intake should be recommended by way of decreasing blood lipids and blood pressure in postmenopausal women. (Korean J Nutrition 34(4) : 417∼425, 2001)

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.236-242
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• 2008

The defatted methanol extract of bark of Diospyros malabarica (DM) at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o. showed significant hypoglycemic activity on normal rats. The extract also exerted significant antihyperglycemic effect in alloxan-induced hyperglycemia and resulted in increase in plasma protein content and decrease in alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol and triglyceride levels when compared with those in the diabetic control group. However there were no significant changes in body and kidney weights of the DM extract-treated animals, compared to those of the untreated diabetic rats as a control. However, the DM extract showed a potential antioxidant activity by increasing catalase activity and reducing lipid peroxidation in liver. The results demonstrate antidiabetic activity of the defatted methanol extract of DM bark.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2016

In this study, we optimized fermentation conditions for the solid state fermentation of rice bran with Monascus pilosus KCCM60084, and the antioxidant activities were investigated. Optimal fermentation conditions were determined by the production of Monacolin K, a functional secondary metabolites with cholesterol lowering activity. The highest Monacolin K production were 2.88 mg/g observed on day 10 with 45% moisture content in the substrate when inoculated with 5% inoculum (w/w). Reducing power, iron chelating activity and $ABTS^+$ radical scavenging activity were significantly enhanced after fermentation by 60, 80, and 38% respectively. Furthermore, the content of total flavonoid were found to be increased by 4.58 fold. Based on these results, Monascus-fermented rice bran showed strong possibility to be used as a natural antioxidant agent due to its enhanced antioxidant activity.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2008

In a previous study, a mulberry fruit extract(MFE) supplement exhibited anti-inflammatory activity and improved serum lipid profiles in arthritic rats. The objective of this study was to determine whether dietary MFE could ameliorate inflammatory parameters and serum lipid levels in humans. Twenty-six middle-aged subjects(mean body mass index=27 $kg/m^2$) consumed MFE(100 $m{\ell}/day)$ after lunch for 4 wks. Anthropometric measurements, serum oxidative stress markers and serum lipid profile analyses were performed at baseline and then at 4 wk following the study. There were no significant differences in anthropometric measurements, including BMI, WHR, and body fat composition. After the 4 wk-intervention, serum levels of C-reactive protein(CRP), ferric-reducing ability of plasma(FRAP), serum triglyceride(TG) and LDL-cholesterol had significantly decreased(p<0.05), whereas serum levels of HDL-cholesterol significantly(p<0.05) increased. These findings suggest the consumption of mulberry extract may be protective against inflammation and the atherosclerotic state in elderly obese men at high risk for cardiovascular disease(CVD).

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.158-164
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• 2008

This study investigated that the antioxidative effect of freeze-dried cranberry powder against protein and lipid oxidation and ameliorative effect of serum lipid profile in rat fed atherogenic diet. Six weeks old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following four groups: normal diet group with 5% com oil(control), atherogenic diet group with 5% com oil, 10% lard, 1% cholesterol, and 0.5% sodium cholate(HFC), atherogenic plus 2% cranberry powder diet group(HFC+C2), and atherogenic plus 5% cranberry powder diet group(HFC+C5), and respective diet and water were fed daily for 6 weeks. After the experimental period, the serum lipid profile, such as total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride, ferric reducing ability of plasma(FRAP), plasma phenolics content, superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity, serum protein carbonyl and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) levels were examined. Total phenolic compound and total flavonoid levels in freeze-dried cranberry powder were 9.94 mg/g and 8.12 mg/g, respectively. Serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels were not significantly different for cranberry powder treatment, but serum HDL-cholesterol level was significantly increased in HFC+C5 group compared with HFC group. Plasma FRAP value tended to be increased by cranberry powder treatment though there was no significant difference. Plasma total phenol concentrations and SOD activities were not significantly different among all groups. Serum protein carbonyl and TBARS levels were significantly decreased in HFC+C5 group compared with HFC group. Overall results suggested that freeze-dried cranberry powder might have the serum lipid improving effect, as well as anti oxidative effect demonstrated by its protective effect against protein and lipid oxidation.