• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.945-951
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary xylooligosaccharide on lipid levels of serum in rats fed high cholesterol diet. Male Sprage-Dawley rats weiging 100$\pm$10g were randomly assigned to groups of two normal(N, N+10X) and four high cholesterol diets which contained 1%(w/w) cholesterol. High cholesterol diet groups were classified to xylooligosaccharide free diet (C group), 5% xylooligosaccharide diet(C+5X group), 10% xylooligosaccharide diet(C+10X group) and 15% xylooligosaccharide diet(C+15X group) according to the level of dietary xylooligosaccharide supplementation. These experimental diets were fed ad libidum for 4 weeks. The weight gain of high cholesterol diet group were significantly increased more than that of normal group, but those of 10% and 15% dietary xylooligosaccharide groups were significantly decreased more than that of high cholesterol diet(C)group. The higher content of xylooligosaccharide, the more food intake was increased. The food efficiencies of 10%, 15% cholesterol diet groups were lower than that of high cholesterol diet(C)group. The levels of serum triglyceride(TG) and total cholestoral were significantly high in cholesterol diet groups compared with normal diet group but were decreased in groups fed 5% and 10% dietary xylooligosaccharide. Especially, the lowest level showed in group fed high cholesterol diet containing 10% xylooligosacchride. High cholesterol diet group containing 10% xylooligosaccharide increased HDL-cholesterol level and then decreased LDL-cholesterol level and atherogenic index compared with other groups. The level of TBARS(thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) in serum was decreased in rat group fed xylooligosaccharide in high cholesterol diet. The higher content of xylooligosacchride, the more gastrointestinal transit time was decreased. The results indicate that dietary xylooligosaccharide can improve status of TG and total cholesterol and repress lipid peroxidation in serum lipid at hypercholesterolemia induced by high cholesterol diet.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.83-95
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• 1997

This study showed the effect of fermented milk on the cholesterol level of Korean. 130 persons among the teachers of elementary, middle and high schools, professors and graduate school students were divided into two groups according to their cholesterol level and provided with fermented milk 300 $m\ell$ dairly from Sep.25 to No. V3. They were given blood test at 20 days and 40 days after drinking fermented milk, and surveyed about their ordinary life style and the change of fecal condition. Cholesterol, LDL and the ratio of LDL and HDL in blood were significantly decreased in both high cholesterol group and normal group while HDL cholesterol was notably increased. TG showed slightly tendency of decrease in normal group while no changed in high group. There is no significant change in cholesterol level after drinking fermented milk among groups which are divided by factors of dringking, smoking, caffeine, B.M.I. and family history. The research also showed that drinking fermented milk improved the fecal frequency and fecal condition.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1541-1544
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• 2009

This study evaluated effects of enzymatic hydrolysates of squid on cholesterol lowering in rats. Thirty male rats were blocked into 3 groups [high cholesterol diet (control), 5% normal squid, and 5% enzymatic hydrolysates of squid] and were raised for 10 weeks. Triglyceride level in enzymatic hydrolysates of squid-fed rats was lower than that in the control. Serum low density lipoprotein-cholesterol level followed in the order of control>normal squid>enzymatic hydrolysates. Serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol level in enzymatic hydrolysates of squid-fed rats was higher than that in control rats. Liver cholesterol level in enzymatic hydrolysates of squid-fed rats was lower than that in control rats.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.117-123
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• 1981

The lipid composition of total serum lipids were investigated by latroscan TH-10 TLC analyzer in 69 healthy subjects and 62 patients with hypercholesterolemia. Total serum lipids level in healthy subjects was higher in females than males. There was a increase in total serum lipids level with increasing total serum cholesterol level in patients with hypercholesterolemia, regardless sex. Total serum lipids obtained from healthy subjects and patients with hypercholesterolemia were separated into phospholipids, free cholesterol, free fatty acids, triglycerides and cholesterol esters. Increasing the level of total serum cholesterol in the patients resulted in a decrease in the level of phospholipids, which was a major lipid fraction, indicating that HDL level in the patients was also decreased. However, cholesterol esters, triglycerides and free cholesterol levels in the patients were higher than those found in healthy subjects. The FC/CE ratio for male patients was lower than for healthy males, while in female patients, this ratio was similar to that observed in healthy females.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.507-513
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• 1997

This study was carried out to examine whether kimchi has hypolipidemic effect and to know how it exert lipid-lowering effect in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with kimchi-fee diet, or 3%, or 5%, or 10% kimchi diets for 6 weeks. Plasma cholesterol level was lowered in rats fed all concentrations of kimchi diets, and plasma triglyceride(TG) level was lowered in 10% kimchi diet group compared with that of control significantly(p<0.05). Th intake of kimchi lowered VLDL-cholesterol and VLDL-TG levels, whereas increased HDL-cholesterol level significantly(p<0.05). LDL-cholesterol level was lowered only in 5% kimchi diet group and LDL-TG level was lowered in all kimchi diet groups compared with those of control significantly (p<0.05). the intake of 5% and 10% kimchi diets also lowered the levels of hepatic cholesterol, TG, total lipid, and apolipoprotein B, whereas increased the levels of fecal total fat, cholesterol, TG, and apolipoprotein A-1 significantly(p<0.05). Triiodothyronine(T$_3$) level was elevated in rats fed kimchi diet, whereas thyroxine(T$_4$) level was not affected by kimchi treatment. These observations support that the intake of kimchin in rats loweres plasma and hepatic lipid levels by increasing the excretion of TG and cholesterol through feces, by the elevation of T$_3$ level, and by the altered lipoprotein metabolism.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.302-307
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• 1987

The increase in the serum cholesterol level of the rabbit fed a high cholesterol diet was prevented by the administration of a Lactobacillus sporogenes preparation, proportionally to the amount of the preparation. About 90% of the increase in the serum cholesterol level was inhibited in the rabbits fed the preparation (2%) as feed additives. In vitro, L. sporogenes cultured in MRS broth containing PPLO serum fraction as a cholesterol source decreased the cholesterol concentration in the spent broth and increased the intracellular cholesterol concentration. The ability of L. sporogenes to accumulate cholesterol was enhanced by the presence of oxgall in the medium. These results suggest that L. sporogenes may directly assimilate the cholesterol in the gastrointestinal tracts and may prevent the increase of the serum cholesterol level.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.121-128
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• 1997

this study was conducted to examine the atherogenic effect of high cholesterol diet (experimental diet) that influences changes of lipoprotein cholesterol metabolism and arterial wall. Seven NewZealand white rabbits were fed control diet, an the other 7 rabbits 2% cholesterol diet for 10 weeks. Results obtained from this study are as follows: 1) High cholesterol diet resulted in a gradual increase of plasma total cholesterol level, reaching upto 1422 mg/dl at the seventh week. 2) CETP (cholesteryl ester transfer protein) activity was significantly higher in high cholesterol group (64.9% at the 7th week) than control group (49.3% at the 7th week) during most of the experimental period except the 6th week. 3) The cholesterol supplementation induced fatty liver and a decrease of hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activities (2.1 moles vs. 0.3nmoles) compared to control group. 4) Bands of apo B-100 and apo E in plasma lipoprotein were thicker in high cholesterol-fed animals tan control animals as visualized by SDS-PAGE. 5) Oxidizability of plasma lipoproteins measured in vitro was greater in high cholesterol group tan control group, but vitamin E level higher in control group. 6) he effect of cholesterol feeding for 10 weeks also led to early fatty streaks in aortic intima. High cholesterol feeding was atherogenic to rabbits, an this seems to be mediated through elevated CETP activities that regulate plasma HDL cholesterol level and decrease an efficiency of reverse cholesterol transport in lipoprotein cholesterol metabolism. The enhanced oxidizability of plasma lipoproteins and lowered vitamin E level may also contribute to the formation of faaty streaks in aorta of cholesterol-fed rabbits.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.212-217
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• 1999

The effects of nuruk and wheat bran on cholesterol level in serum and activities of free radical metabolizing enzymes were investigated in rats. The rats were fed a diet containing nuruk or wheat bran for one month. Body weight and food intake were measured. Animals were sacrificed after one month. The increased food efficiency ratio throughout whole growth period was observed in the rats fed with either nuruk containing Aspergillus terreus or wheat bran compared with control group on normal diet. In the rats fed with nuruk, hepatic GSH content, glutathione S transferase activity, hepatic cytochrome P 450 content, and aniline hydroxylase activities were generally increased. In the rats fed with nuruk containing other fungi except Aspergillus terreus, xanthine oxidase activity was decreased. The decreased cholesterol level in serum was observed in rats fed with nuruk prepared from Aspergillus terreus and wheat bran. LDL cholesterol level was decreased in rats fed with nuruk prepared with other fungi such as Penicillium sp. and Rhizopus sp. But HDL cholesterol level was increased in all groups fed with nuruk from any fungi and wheat bran. These results suggested that nuruk or wheat bran supplemented diet might exert their effect by decreasing cholesterol level in serum and amount of oxygen free radical level.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.139-146
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• 1973

The level of serum cholesterol was successively determined for 4 weeks after the basic diet feeding for 8 weeks in the rabbits. It was observed that the individual serum cholesterol levels were highly elevated by the oral administration of cholesterol for 18 days, and then the rabbit were fed by sesame and rape seed oils for 11 weeks to survey the effect of the oils which was playing a role of decreasing factor for serum cholesterol values. The results were obtained as follows ; 1. The rabbit's serum cholesterol level was 128±29.0mg/dl in average, it was higher in female (162±50.6) than male(95±17.6). 2. It can be possible elevating experimentally the level of serum cholesterol by the cholesterol administration per os. 3. There were significant effect of the vegetable oils to decrease the experimental hypercholesteremia in the rabbits.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.91-97
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• 1987

Because of its more complete hydrolysis and rapid absorption, MCT is expected its usefulness in the diets of patients with malabsorption syndrom. Also, several authors reported that serum cholesterol level was lower after MCT feedings. In this study, rate of each experimental group were fed for 4weeks with 20％ MCT, 20％ corn oil, mixed diet of 10％ MCT and 10％ corn oil, mixed diet of 17％ corn oil and 3％ shortening. After experimental diet, it was measured to growth rate and serum cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid level. The results were as follows; 1. The body weight gain was the lowest in MCT group and others were lower than control group. 2. Serum total cholesterol level was the lowest in corn oil group and others were significantly lower than control group. Free cholesterol level was lower in all experimental groups than control group too. 3. Serum HDL-cholesterol level was significantly higher in all experimental groups than control group. 4. The ratio of VLDL, LDL-Cholesterol to HDL-Cholesterol was significantly lower in all experimental groups than control group. 5. Serum triglyceride level was higher in all experimental groups than control group. Serum phospholipid level was significantly in only mixed diet group of corn oil and shortening than control group. 6. The ratio of total cholesterol to phospholipid was significantly lower in corn oil diet group than control group.