• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.871-878
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• 2018

In this paper, the conducted EMI reduction performances of active feed-forward current-sensing current-actuation (CSCA) and voltage-sensing current-actuation (VSCA) filters for a three-phase induction motor drive system are evaluated by experiments. For comparison purposes, the conducted EMI (CM emission, DM emission and total emission) of a three-phase induction motor drive with a conventional CM choke, a conventional CM choke in series with an active VSCA filter, and an active CSCA filter (where the CM choke was modified and used as a sensing current transformer) were compared to the case of a system without any filter inserted. Experimental results show that the active CSCA and VSCA filters can improve the CM reduction performance of the conventional CM choke by about 5 dB especially at low-frequencies. However, for DM comparisons, it shows that there is no different between cases with and without filters inserted.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.32-43
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• 2014

This paper presents the intra capacitance modeling according to the winding method, section bobbin and coil structure for hybrid choke coil capable of the EMI attenuation of broad bands from lower frequency bands to higher frequency bands and high frequency type common-mode choke coil capable of the EMI attenuation of high frequency band used in the EMI Block of LED-TV SMPS. In case of high frequency type CM choke coil, it can be explained the parasitic capacitance of A type and section bobbin type winding methods among them is much smaller than the other. The first resonant frequency of the proposed CM choke coil tends to increase as the parasitic capacitance becomes small and its impedance characteristics also show improved performance as the first resonant frequency increases. In case of hybrid choke coil using rectangular copper wire, it has investigated its parasitic capacitance compared to CM choke coil of conventional toroidal type becomes small. Also it has confirmed through the experiment results that CE margin and RE margin in frequency bands 0.5MHz to 5MHz and 30MHz to 200MHz are respectively 10dB and 15dB greater than that of conventional type in case of one stage EMI filter structure adopting hybrid choke coil compared to two stage EMI Filter structure using two of each CM choke coil used in the lower and higher frequency bands or two of CM choke coil used in only the lower frequency bands. In the future, the hybrid choke coil and CM choke coil of high frequency type show it can be practically used in not only LED/LCD-TV SMPS but also several applications such as LED Lighting, Laptop Adapter, Server Power Supply and so on.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1326-1335
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• 2019

Common mode (CM) chokes are a crucial part in EMI filters for mitigating the electromagnetic interference (EMI) of switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) and for meeting electromagnetic compatibility standards. However, the parasitic capacitances of a CM choke deteriorate its high frequency filtering performance, which results in increases in the design cycle and cost of EMI filters. Therefore, this paper introduces a negative capacitance generated by a negative impedance converter (NIC) to cancel the influence of equivalent parallel capacitance (EPC). In this paper, based on a CM choke equivalent circuit, the EPCs of CM choke windings are accurately calculated by measuring their impedance. The negative capacitance is designed quantitatively and the EPC cancellation mechanisms are analyzed. The impedance of the CM choke in parallel with negative capacitances is tested and compared with the original CM choke using an impedance analyzer. Moreover, a CL type CM filter is added to a fabricated NIC prototype, and the insertion loss of the prototype is measured to verify the cancellation effect. The prototype is applied to a power converter to test the CM conducted noise. Both small signal and EMI measurement results show that the proposed technique can effectively cancel the EPCs and improve the CM filter's high frequency filtering performance.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제31A권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 1994

In this paper, using the newly developed GaAs Schottky beam-lead diode made by Marconi company, we have developed and evaluated the waveguide type single-ended mixer at Q-band. The various components of the mixer were separately designed and optimized using the Super-Compact software. These studies included the design of the step waveguide impedance transformer and the RF-choke filter, and the optimization of a high and low impedance for the RF-choke filter. Moreover, this RF-choke filter pattern included a section to reject the second harmonic frequency of the RF signal. Finally, this Q-band mixer with 1.4GHz/400MHz IF frequency exhibits an average conversion loss of 5.3 dB over 33-50GHz bandwidth.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.313-318
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• 2018

전자빔과 상호작용하는 공동공진기를 위한 동축형 대역억제필터를 설계하고 제작하였다. 제안한 필터는 공동공진기의 기본모드에 대해 4분의 1 파장 길이의 초크를 가진다. 동축형 대역억제필터의 등가회로를 제시하고 각 부분의 ABCD 파라미터를 구하여 필터 전체의 ABCD 행렬을 구했다. ABCD 행렬로부터 산란행렬을 구하여 MATLAB으로 필터를 시뮬레이션하였다. 동축형 대역억제필터 구조를 HFSS를 이용하여 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 등가회로로 시뮬레이션이 유용함을 확인하였다. 설계한 동축형 대역억제필터는 6-1/8 플랜지를 가지는 필터를 제작하였다. 제작한 필터는 6-1/8 플랜지에서 N 형 플랜지로 변환하는 변환기를 사용하여 측정하였다. 제작된 필터의 삽입손실은 공동공진기의 기본모드에서 25 dB 이상이고 1차 고차모드에서 0.25 dB 보다 작다. 측정측정 결과는 시뮬레이션한 결과와 잘 일치하며 설계 규격을 만족한다.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.185-188
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• 2018

본 논문은 LED-TV용 SMPS EMI 감쇄 필터에서 적용되고 있는 저주파와 고주파의 광범위한 대역에서 EMI 감쇄가 가능한 기생 커패시턴스 저감형 Hybrid 초크 코일의 코일 구조, 권선 방법 및 섹션 보빈에 따른 기생 커패시턴스 임피던스 모델링을 나타내고 있다. 특히 본 논문에서 제안한 기생 커패시턴스 저감형 Hybrid 초크 코일은 평각 동선 권선방법을 채택함으로써 기존의 자동 권선형 공통 모드 초크 코일에 비해 기생커패시턴스($C_p$)을 저감할 수 있다. 기생 커패시턴스($C_p$)가 작아짐에 따라 제안한 기생 커패시턴스 저감형 Hybrid 초크 코일의 1차 공진 주파수는 증가하며 1차 공진 주파수가 증가함에 따라 특히 고주파 대역에서 임피던스특성이 개선됨을 알 수 있다. 본 논문에서 제안한 기생 커패시턴스 저감형 Hybrid 초크 코일은 향후 LED-TV SMPS를 포함한 LED 조명, Note-PC Adapter 등과 같은 다양한 분야에 응용되리라 사료된다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.96-101
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• 2007

가스방전관(GDT)은 내부 정전용량이 작아서 통신용 서지보호기로 널리 사용되고 있는 소자이다. 하지만 가스방 전관의 동작개시를 위해서는 방전이 개시될 수 있는 충분한 전압과 시간이 필요하며, 이 동작개시전압은 피보호 회로가 서지에 민감한 장비일 경우 손상을 줄 수 있을 만큼 크므로 최근에는 조합 형태로 적용하는 경우가 대부분이다. 이렇게 초기 과전압이 상당 부분 존재하는 가스방전관에는 추가적으로 TVS나 필터 등을 통해 피크 전압을 제한해 주어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 공통모드 초크코일을 이용한 필터를 적용하여 공통모드와 차동모드의 조합회로를 구성하고, 주파수 대역이 다른 뇌임펄스 전압과 ring wave 전압을 인가하여 파형에 따른 조합회로의 특성을 확인하였다. 다단으로 보호되는 과정을 각각의 측정점에서 잔류전압을 측정하여 단계별로 적용한 SPD들이 어떻게 동작하는지를 실측데이터로 제시하였다. 각 단계의 잔류전압을 비교했을 때 공통모드에 비하여 차동모드에서 서지전압을 제한하는 성능이 보다 효과적이다.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.250-253
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• 2007

Gas Discharge Tubes (GDTs) are widely used as surge protectors for commnuication applications due to their small internal capacitance. In these days, however, they are mostly used in combined configurations, because the activation voltage required to initiate the discharge process in the GDTs for sufficient amount of time can be large enough to damage surge-sensitive protected circuits. For GDTs with a considerably high initial over-voltage value, we should limit the peak voltage using a TVS or filter. As for ZnO varistors, even though their performance for voltage restriction is excellent, their applications in high-frequency commnuication circuits have been limited because of higher internal capacitance when compared to the GDTs. In order to develop a surge protector for commnuication applications by taking advantages of these two devices, we built a combination circuit that connects a GDT and a ZnO varistor along with a choke coil in common and differential modes. We describe how the applied SPDs operate in protection process steps with the actual data obtained from the residual voltage measurements at each step. The experiment results show that the surge voltage restriction with the choke coil is more effective in 100 [kHz] RingWave voltage than in lightning impulse voltage.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.964-973
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• 2017

본 연구는 공통모드 초크의 기생 성분이 공통모드와 차동모드에 미치는 영향을 광대역에서 분석하고, 간단한 고주파 모델링 방법을 제시한다. 공통모드와 차동모드의 2-port 회로망을 각각 구성하여 각 모드에서의 S-parameter를 Network Analyzer로 측정하였다. 측정 결과로부터 등가회로 소자를 추출하여 고주파 등가회로를 모델링하고, 측정치와 시뮬레이션 결과를 비교함으로써 타당성을 검증하였다. 이는 정확하고 예측 가능한 EMI 필터를 설계하는데 적용될 수 있다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1488-1489
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• 2006

Gas Discharge Tubes (GDTs) are widely used as surge protectors for communication applications due to their small internal capacitance. In these days, however, they are mostly used in combined configurations, because the activation voltage required to initiate the discharge process in the GDTs for sufficient amount of time can be large enough to damage surge-sensitive protected circuits. For GDTs with a considerably high initial over-voltage value, we should limit the peak voltage using a TVS or filter. As for ZnO varistors, even though their performance for voltage restriction is excellent their applications in high-frequency communication circuits have been limited because of higher internal capacitance when compared to the GDTs. In order to develop a surge protector for communication applications by taking advantages of these two devices, we built a combination circuit that connects a GDT and a ZnO varistor along with a choke coil in common and differential modes. We describe how the applied SPDs operate in protection process steps with the actual data obtained from the residual voltage measurements at each step. The experiment results show that the surge voltage restriction with the choke coil is more effective in differential mode than in common mode.