• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.21 no.45
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• pp.291-299
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• 1998

We present a variant for the generalized continuous multiple-choice knapsack problem[1], which additionally has the well-known generalized lower bound constraints. The presented problem is characterized by some variables which only belong to the simple upper bound constraints and the others which are partitioned into both the continuous multiple-choice constraints and the generalized lower bound constraints. By exploiting some extended structural properties, an efficient algorithm of order Ο($n^2$1og n) is developed, where n is the total number of variables. A numerical example is presented.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.661-667
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• 1997

We consider a generalized problem of the continuous multiple choice knapsack problem and study on the LP relaxation of the candidate problems which are generated in the branch and bound algorithm for solving the generalized problem. The LP relaxed candidate problem is called the generalized continuous multiple choice linear knapsack problem and characterized by some variables which are partitioned into continuous multiple choice constraints and the others which only belong to simple upper bound constraints. An efficient algorithm of order O($n^2logn$) is developed by exploiting some structural properties and applying binary search to ordered solution sets, where n is the total number of variables. A numerical example is presented.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.93-103
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• 2015

Residential environment is not only the physical aspects affected by the unique characteristics of the residents, social, economic, cultural, etc. are closely related to many environmental factors. This research is based on choice attribute theory that substantially explains how housing choice attributes affect loyalty via image, perceived value in Secho. This paper investigate empirically relationship between selection properties of residential environment and loyalty, moderating effect of image and perceived value. Results were computed using SPSS 20.0 statistical analysis programs. The results are summarized as follows. First, The elements of choice attribute are divided into six factor, such as regional reputation, green environment, convenience, property value, safety, housing status. In the results of the analyses, housing choice properties gives a positive influence to the loyalty. Second, testing its mediating role, I use the three regression equation models by Baron and Kenny. When the mediator effect of image, perceived value was represented, the effect of image and perceived value was statistically significant. Thus, the mediating role of image and perceived value was supported. It means the higher image and perceived value can enhance loyalty of Secho.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.283-288
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• 2003

This study has analyzed the environmental characteristics of Cheong-Ju city and the priority of residential choice elements by residents. The results of analysis are as follows. 1) The rate of housing supply in Cheong-ju city is low at 80.2%, concentrated on small sized apartments. Furthermore educational and traffic facilities are much insufficient. 2) While residential choice in Chong-ju is heavily characterised by educational surroundings, it is less affected by both economy such as housing prices, the value of investments and accessibility to public transportations, distance to working places. 3) It is affected by residents' general characters like the sell age, life cycle, education level, properties, home ownership, number of room and type of house they want.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.326-335
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to devise the concept of properties of the light on learning progressions for 3-6 grade students in the elementary school. For the purpose, this study creates a construct map of the properties of the light. Ordered multiple-choice items were developed in view of the construct map and presented to 200, 3~6 grade students in the elementary school. A partial credit model of Rasch model was used to analyze the results of those items, and the learning progressions was devised from the analysis results. The study can be summarized as follows: the construct modeling approach was used to devise the properties of light on learning progressions. As a result, the concept was selected for the core standards of construct map. Based on the construct map, the multiple-choice items were developed for students' conceptual understanding. The items were analyzed using the partial credit model, and the analysis findings showed that they were appropriate to assess students about their level of understanding of the properties of light. Finally, learning progressions were devised with the use of item analysis results.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.55-63
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• 2005

The purpose of study is to suggest the data on what residential choice elements have to be considered to be important when the apartments are planed in middle size cities. This study analyzed the environmental characteristics of Cheong-Ju city and compared the priority of residential choice elements by using AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process). The results of analysis are as follows. 1) The rate of housing supply in Cheong-Ju city is low at $80.2\%$ and concentrated on small sized apartments. Furthermore, the educational and traffic facilities are very insufficient. 2) While residential choice in Cheong-Ju is heavily characterized by educational surroundings, it is less affected by economic aspects such as housing prices and the value of investments and accessibility to public transportations, distance to working places. 3) It is affected by residents' general characteristics like as sex, age, life cycle, education level, properties, home ownership, number of room and type of house they want. In conclusion, the middle size cities like Cheong-Ju need the large scale residential plans connected with educational considerations, focused on improvement in quality and outdoor space. In addition, it is recommended to make plans to satisfy the diverse needs of consumers.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.174-177
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• 2007

Trabecular bone can be accurately represented using image-based finite element modeling and analysis of these bone models is widely used to predict their mechanical properties. However, the choice of thresholding technique, a necessary step in converting grayscale images to finite element models which can thus significantly influence the structure of the resulting finite element model, is often overlooked. Therefore, we investigated the effects of thresholding techniques on micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) based finite element models of trabecular bone. Three types of thresholding techniques were applied to micro-CT images of trabecular bone which resulted in three unique finite element models for each specimen. Bone volume fractions and apparent moduli were predicted for each model and compared to experimental results. Our findings suggest that predictions of apparent properties agree well with experimental measurements regardless of the choice of thresholding technique in micro CT images of trabecular bone.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.138-151
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• 2012

This study determines a consumer retail store choice by applying the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method for multi-criteria decision-making in the fashion retail industry. The study provides detailed and relevant information for management, marketers of fashion retail stores, and to improve competition between suppliers. Data was collected in February 2011 from questionnaires completed by 319 university students in Busan, South Korea. One of the major findings of this study was that consumer store preference was affected by the following factors in order of importance: product, image, service quality, and purchase facilitation. Brand image was assessed to be the most important of the evaluation elements, followed by individuality, style, and price. The results of rating the relative importance and priority of fashion retailers showed that department stores ranked most highly, followed by outlet malls, Internet shopping malls, brand malls, and discount stores.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.396-403
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• 2014

The multi-divisional knapsack problem is defined as a binary knapsack problem where each mutually exclusive division has its own capacity. In this paper, we present an extension of the multi-divisional knapsack problem that has generalized multiple-choice constraints. We explore the linear programming relaxation (P) of this extended problem and identify some properties of problem (P). Then, we develop a transformation which converts the problem (P) into an LP knapsack problem and derive the optimal solutions of problem (P) from those of the converted LP knapsack problem. The solution procedures have a worst case computational complexity of order $O(n^2{\log}\;n)$, where n is the total number of variables. We illustrate a numerical example and discuss some variations of problem (P).

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.113-132
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to derive the factors for the general consumers to choose the store to buy seafood. Survey on 414 general consumers by questionnaires was conducted to find out the factors for them to choose the stores in the traditional market and large supermarket, and through the analysis on the results the factors for general consumers to choose large supermarkets were derived when they buy seafood and at the same time the degree of its importance was analyzed. The results of the survey showed that the general consumers chose large supermarkets to buy seafood despite the fact that they recognized the seafood prices are lower in the traditional markets than in the large supermarkets. Particularly, the results of analyzing the sixteen criteria for choosing the store in which to buy seafood were grouped into four: the 'assortment of goods and high quality', 'service', 'price and promotion' and 'convenient accessibility.' The results of examining the order of priority based on the four factors showed that the 'assortment of diverse seafood and high quality' was found to be given the first priority, followed by 'convenient accessibility' and 'prices and promotion factors', with 'service' being statistically insignificant. Based on these results, Monroe (1975)'s consumers' store choice process is summarized as follows. Before buying seafood, the consumers who use large supermarkets have the desire for buying seafood and then judge the properties of the store which they will use. In this process, consumers were satisfying their needs in large supermarkets in the criteria of 'assortment of diverse seafood and high quality', convenient accessibility', and 'prices and promotion factors' which were found to be statistically significant in this research. Accordingly, the general consumers choose to buy seafood in large supermarkets rather than in the traditional markets. The general consumers were more satisfied with using large supermarkets than using traditional markets, so after they have initially bought seafood in the large supermarkets, they habitually buy seafood in the large supermarkets without going through Monroe (1975)'s 'eight stage process for the store choice.' When such habitual store choice behavior continues for a long time, it results in becoming structural.