• Title/Summary/Keyword: chloride resistance performance

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Deicing Performance with Deicer Types (제설제 종류에 따른 제설성능 평가)

  • Lee, Byung-Duck;Lee, Chan-Young;Yun, Byung-Sung;Lee, Joo-Kwang;Chung, Young-Hwan
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.371-374
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    • 2005
  • In this study, calcium chloride($CaCl_2$), sodium chloride (NaCl), organic acids-containing deicer(NS 40, NS 100), mixed deicier($NaCl\;70\%\;+\;CaCl_{2}\;30\%,\;NS\;40\;70\%\;+\;CaCl_{2}\;30\%,\;NaCl\;70\%\;+\;NS\;40\;30\%,\;NS\;40\;70\%\;+\;NaCl\;30\%$) is investigated based on the laboratory test for deicing performance. Test items for deicing performance were ice melting and ice penetration, freezing point depressions and eutectic points, pH, thermal properties for selected deicing chemicals. As a test results, in case of the use chloride-containing deicier in area that concrete structures has subjected to freez-thaw reaction in winter season, it showed desirable method that use deicing chemicals mixed with optimum ratio rather than use one deicing chemicals when is consider to deicing performance and effects, corrosion of steel materials, freez-thaw resistance of concrete. When use various deicing chemicals mixed, NS40($70\%$)+Calcium chloride($30\%$) showed the best effective method.

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Effect of Spreading Time of Waste Cooking Oil on Carbonation and Resistance to Chloride Penetration of High Volume Mineral Admixture Concrete (폐식용유 기반 도포제의 도포시기에 따른 혼화재 다량치환 콘크리트의 탄산화 및 염해저항성에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Sang-Sup;Park, Jun-Hee;Jung, Sang-Un;Lee, Myung-Ho;Han, Min Cheol;Han, Cheon Goo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2014.11a
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    • pp.133-134
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    • 2014
  • As a previous research, improved durability of concrete by filling capillary pores with waste cooking oil was suggested as a method of controlling carbonation of the concrete replaced high volume of SCMs. on the other hand, the emulsified refined waste cooking oil for better mixing performance had a drawback of reducing air content related with decreasing freeze-thawing resistance. As a solution of this problem, surface applying method was suggested instead of adding in mixing process, and in this research, the performance regarding concrete durability are evaluated comparing emulsified refined cooking oil with water-repelling agent.

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A Study on the Antibacterial Properties of CPVC(Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride) Film treated with ODDMAC(Octadecyldimethyl (3-triethoxy silylpropyl) ammonium chloride) (CPVC(Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride)와 ODDMAC(Octadecyldimethyl(3-triethoxy silylpropyl) ammonium chloride) 첨가한 필름의 항균 특성)

  • Kim, Jiyeon;Lee, Sang Oh;Lee, Jaewoong
    • Textile Coloration and Finishing
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.72-78
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study, the purpose of this study is to activate the antibacterial effect on the Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride film by using Octadecyldimethyl (3-triethoxy silylpropyl) ammonium chloride antibacterial agent with Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride polymer, which is inexpensive and has excellent properties such as heat resistance and chemical resistance. The Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride polymer was dissolved in a dimethylacetamide solvent, and film samples were prepared by varying the ratio of Octadecyldimethyl (3-triethoxy silylpropyl) ammonium chloride to study the antibacterial performance. A Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were employed to confirm the elements in the samples. According to the initial decomposition temperature of the Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride film and the Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride/Octadecyldimet hyl (3-triethoxy silylpropyl) ammonium chloride(10%) film using a Thermogravimetric analyzer(TA-DTA), it was confirmed that the initial decomposition temperature was lowered due to the influence of Octadecyldimethyl (3-triethoxy silylpropyl) ammonium chloride. In addition, in order to measure the mechanical properties, Universal testing machine was used and the result showed that a strength of Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride/Octadecyldimethyl (3-triethoxy silylpropyl) ammonium chloride(10%) was 36.8 MPa. The antimicrobial properties of the Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride/Octadecyldimethyl (3-triethoxy silylpropyl) ammonium chloride(10%) film showed 99.9% antimicrobial properties.

Effect of Deicer on the Concrete and Steel (제설제가 콘크리트 및 강재에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee Byung Duck;Yun Byung Sung;Lee Chan Young;Chung Young Hwan
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.375-378
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    • 2005
  • In this study, calcium chloride($CaCl_2$), sodium chloride (NaCl), organic acids-containing deicer(NS 40, NS 100), mixed deicier($NaCl\;70\%\;+\;CaCl_{2}\;30\%,\;NS\;40\;70\%\;+\;CaCl_{2}\;30\%,\;NaCl\;70\%\;+\;NS\;40\;30\%,\;NS\;40\;70\%\;+\;NaCl\;30\%$) is investigated based on the laboratory test for freez-thaw resistance of concrete and corrosion of metal. As a test results, in case of the use chloride-containing deicier in area that concrete structures has subjected to freez-thaw reaction in winter season, it showed desirable method that use deicing chemicals mixed with optimum ratio rather than use one deicing chemicals when is consider to deicing performance and effects, corrosion of steel materials, freez-thaw resistance of concrete. When use various deicing chemicals mixed, NS40($70\%$)+Calcium chloride($30\%$) showed the best effective method.

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A Study on Strength and Chloride Resistance of Concrete Using the Metakaolin (메타카올린 사용에 따른 콘크리트의 강도 및 염화물 저항성)

  • Kim, Myung-Yu;Yang, Eun-Ik;Yang, Joo-Kyoung;Park, Hae-Guun;Chun, Sang-Eun;Lee, Myeong-Sub
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2008.04a
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    • pp.521-524
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    • 2008
  • The requirement for durability of concrete is increasing recently as a high-rise concrete structure is built. For this reason, the concern about high performance concrete is being high. Recently, metakaoline to be profitable in economical aspect as well as to have strength and durability of level similar to silica fume is evaluated highly as new admixture. In this study, the workability, the strength, the chloride resistance and the air-void structure more than 50${\mu}m$ are evaluated by comparing both metakaolin and silica fume. According to the results, when the metakaoline is compared with silica fume in properties of fresh concrete, it seems to the similar level of properties. Metakaoline concrete showed the highest value in the strength property. And, it is showed that replacement of the metakaoline more than 10% is superior than both silica fume and OPC in long and short-term chloride resistance. In conclusion, replacement of the metakaoline more than 10% is the most excellent performance in terms of strength and chloride resistance

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An Evaluation on the Field Application and Resistance for the Shrinkage-Chloride Attack of Concrete containing High Durability Additivee (내구성개선제를 적용한 콘크리트의 수축-염해저항성 및 현장 적용특성 평가)

  • Kim, Do-Su;Khil, Bae-Su;Kim, Woo-Jae;Kim, Sung-Su;Jung, Yong;Jung, Sang-Jin
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2008.11a
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    • pp.733-736
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    • 2008
  • In this study, we developed durability promoting chemical agent(HD) that simultaneously improved resistance for chloride attack and shrinkage of concrete. This agent as typed aqueous solution containing organic and inorganic compounds applied to concrete mix(Bx0.6%, 1.2%) of seaside construction using SLG and then evaluated the effect on the shrinkage and chloride attack of concrete. By the addition of HD, it was elucidated that resistance for chloride attack and shrinkage were improved above 50% and 33% respectively than non-added concrete(Plain). This performance was confirmed through the Field-test applied HD(Bx0.6%) such as RCD construction.

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Performance Evaluation of Bridge Deck Materials based on Ordinary Portland Cement Concrete (보통 포틀랜드 콘크리트 기반 교면포장 재료 성능 평가)

  • Nam, Jeong-Hee;Jeon, Seong Il;Kwon, Soo Ahn
    • International Journal of Highway Engineering
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.129-137
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    • 2017
  • PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to develop bridge deck concrete materials based on ordinary Portland cement concrete, and to evaluate the applicability of the developed materials through material properties tests. METHODS : For field implementation, raw material (cement, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate) properties, fresh concrete properties (slump and air content), strength (compressive, flexural and bond strength) gain, and durability (freeze-thaw resistance, scaling resistance, and rapid chloride penetrating resistance) performance were evaluated in the laboratory. RESULTS : For the selected binder content of $410kg/m^3$, W/B = 0.42, and S/a = 0.48, the following material performance results were obtained. Considering the capacity of the deck finisher, a minimum slump of 150 mm was required. At least 6 % of air content was obtained to resist freeze-thaw damage. In terms of strength, 51.28 MPa of compressive strength, 7.41 MPa of flexural strength, and 2.56 MPa of bond strength at 28 days after construction were obtained. A total of 94.9 % of the relative dynamic modulus of elasticity after 300 cycles of freeze-thaw resistance testing and $0.0056kg/m^2$ of weight loss in a scaling resistance test were measured. However, in a chloride ion penetration resistance test, the result of 3,356 Coulomb, which exceeds the threshold value of the standard specification (1000 Coulomb at 56 days) was observed. CONCLUSIONS : Instead of using high-performance modified bridge deck materials such as latex or silica fume, we developed an optimum mix design based on ordinary Portland cement concrete. A test construction was carried out at ramp bridge B (bridge length = 111 m) in Gim Jai City. Immediately after the concrete was poured, the curing compound was applied, and then wet mat curing was applied for 28 days. Considering the fact that cracks did not occur during the monitoring period, the applicability of the developed material is considered to be high.

Chloride Penetration Resistance of Ternary Blended Concrete and Discussion for Durability (삼성분계 혼합콘크리트의 염화물 침투 저항성 및 내구성에 대한 고찰)

  • Song, Ha-Won;Lee, Chang-Hong;Lee, Kewn-Chu;Kim, Jae-Hwan;Ann, Ki-Yong
    • Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.439-449
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    • 2008
  • Mineral admixtures are used to improve the quality of concrete and to develop sustainability of concrete structures. Supplementary cementitious materials (SCM), such as silica fume (SF), granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and pulverized fly ash (PFA), are gradually recognized as useful mineral admixture for producing high performance concrete. The study on ternary blended concrete utilizing mainly three major mineral admixtures is limited and the study on durability and chloride induced corrosion resistance of ternary blended concrete is very few. This study examines the durability characteristics of the ternary blended concrete composed of different amount of the SCM with ordinary Portland concrete and the study experimentally focuses on corrosion resistance evaluation of ternary blended concrete subjected to chloride attack. In this study, 50% replacement ratio of mineral admixture to OPC was used, while series of combination of $20{\sim}40%$ GGBS, $5{\sim}15%$ SF and $10{\sim}45%$ PFA binder were used for chloride corrosion resistance test. This study concerned the durability properties of the ternary blended concrete including the corrosion resistance, chloride binding, chloride transport and acid neutralization capacity. It was found that the ternary blended concrete utilizing the SCM densified the pore structures to lower the rate of chloride transport. Also, increased chloride binding and buffering to acid were observed for the ternary blended concrete with chlorides in cast.

An Eight-directional Airborne Chloride Collection Method for the Application of an Appropriate Anti-corrosive Material for Each Side of a Building

  • Cho, Gyuhwan;Yeo, Inhwan;Park, Dongcheon
    • Architectural research
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.75-82
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    • 2016
  • To secure the anticorrosive performance of structures in the oceanic environment it is necessary to select appropriate finishing materials and thickness of cover. However, airborne chloride deposition varies depending on the collector used, and it is difficult to select appropriate finishing materials. For this reason, an eight-directional collector is proposed in this study through reviewing the differences between existing airborne chloride collectors and the new one. To analyze airborne chloride deposition according to the direction from which it flows and verify the performance of the collector proposed in this study, airborne chlorides were deposited on the collector for one year at five different locations in an oceanic environment. From the experiment, it was verified that in terms of direction, there were differences in airborne chloride deposition of up to more than 1.5 times. Based on these research findings, the anti-corrosive method applied can be different for each side of a building's structure, and this is believed to serve as an effective and systemic chloride resistance design.

The differences between copper sulfate and tribasic copper chloride on growth performance, redox status, deposition in tissues of pigs, and excretion in feces

  • Zheng, Ping;Pu, Bei;Yu, Bing;He, Jun;Yu, Jie;Mao, Xiangbing;Luo, Yuheng;Luo, Junqiu;Huang, Zhiqing;Luo, Chenggui;Wang, Shaohui;Chen, Daiwen
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.873-880
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    • 2018
  • Objective: The objective of this experiment was to compare the effects of adding 130 mg/kg Cu from either copper sulfate (CS) or tribasic copper chloride (TBCC) on growth performance, mineral deposition in tissues, and the excretion in feces of pigs as well as changes in the mineral contents in tissues and feces when the supplemental Cu level was decreased from 130 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg. Methods: A total of 72 pigs ($32.6{\pm}1.2kg$) were randomly assigned to a CS diet or a TBCC diet with 6 pens per treatment. The trial lasted 102 d and included 3 phases (phase 1, 1 to 30 d; phase 2, 31 to 81 d; and phase 3, 82 to 102 d). The supplemental levels of Cu in the 2 treatments were 130 mg/kg in phase 1 and 2 and 10 mg/kg in phase 3. Results: The results showed that pigs fed the CS diet tended to have higher average daily gain than pigs fed the TBCC diet during d 1 to 81 (p<0.10). Compared with CS, TBCC increased the activities of aspartate transaminase (AST), ceruloplasmin, and superoxide dismutase in serum on d 30 (p<0.05). The TBCC decreased the Cu level in the liver on d 81 (p<0.05) and increased the Mn level in the liver on d 102 (p<0.05). The concentration of Cu in feces sharply decreased when the supplemental Cu level in diet changed from 130 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg in both diets (p<0.05). Conclusion: The result suggested that TBCC and CS had no significant difference on growth performance but TBCC had higher activities of AST and antioxidant enzymes and lower liver Cu than CS when pigs fed diets with 130 mg Cu /kg diet.