• Journal of Information Management
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.79-97
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• 2009

Thanks to current development of many search engines and web technologies, a new semantic searching technology appears, featuring giving a relevant meaning to the keyword beyond the previous keyword search service. On the wave of advance of various search engines, the enhancement of OASIS offered by KIOM is needed as well. To do this, KIOM examined demographic and sociological analysis on their position, status, and career, the convenience of OASIS, and the value of papers offered in OASIS from members who have ever used it. Furthermore, the importance of each area involved in oriental medicine is also examined in terms of a new direction for OASIS improvement. Based on the result of the user survey, it turned out that not only an automatic search system that can find meaning of chinese character-centered key words but also a Authority-system which can distinguish homonym beyond simple keyword search system should be introduced quickly. Also, we reached the conclusion that it is necessary to interconnect a citation index information on references with laboratory information of the agencies concerned and interconnect major web sites around the world by using Open API. OASIS is the only domestic web site for offering papers that cover oriental medicine. Therefore, if requirements about the site in oriental medical circles are analyzed sufficiently and the problems of its information search system are improved, OASIS is expected to play a critical role in the development of oriental medicine.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.277-283
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the selected chemical properties of soils in Saururus chinensis Baill (Chinese lizard's tail) cultivation fields to provide optimal fertilizer application rates and to examine the growth and pharmaco-consitituents of Saururus chinensis Baill as influenced by different amounts of nitrogen (N) fertilizer applications. Based on the results of selected soil chemical properties in 37 cultivation sites of the plant, soil pH, organic matter content, and exchangeable $K^{+}$ concentration were lower than optimal values for cultivating general medicinal crops even though relatively high standard deviations were found in some of the values. At the harvesting stage of the plant aerial parts, soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), available $P_2O_5$, and exchangeable $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Na^{+}$ decreased as comparing with those before transplanting the plant, whereas the concentration of exchangeable $K^{+}$ increased in the plot treated with N 100% and compost. Fresh weight of the plant aerial parts were highest, 492.5kg/10, in the N 100% treatment plot. Correlation equation between N levels treated (X) and yield of the plant aerial parts (Y) presented as $Y=-2.1609X^2+30.082X+344.12$($R^2= 0.7113$) and the optimal rate of N fertilizer application for the plant was 6.6kg/10a. Carbon concentrations in the plant were not different among the different N levels applied. N and K concentrations in the plant were highest in the plot of N 100% with compost applications, the highest P concentration was in N 100% plot, and the highest Ca and S concentrations were in N 200% plot. Quercetin and quercitrin were highest in the N 150% plot and tannin was highest in N 100% or N 100% with compost application plot.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.172-182
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• 2020

Objectives : In this study, we conducted a focus group interview among expatriates living in Korea, to investigate their experiences and perceptions of acupuncture and Korean Medicine in order to improve the usage of Korean Medicine in the medical tourism market. Methods : The inclusion criteria for the focus group interview was: (1) participants between the age of 20 to 75 years old; (2) those who had lived in Korea for more than 90 days, and (3) those who were able to express their thoughts freely in English. The participants were informed that the interviews will be recorded and transcribed. We ended recruitment once saturation of materials was met. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the data was analyzed after each interview. Results : The interviews were held between June to December 2016. Twenty-four participants were recruited but four dropped out and a total of twenty participants successfully finished the interviews. Six focus group interviews were conducted. Analysis revealed that Korean Medicine was relatively less known compared to Traditional Chinese Medicine or Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Participants automatically associated acupuncture with the management of pain or stress and replied that these were the areas that they thought acupuncture would be most effective. Positive experiences with acupuncture and with the acupuncture practitioners were factors that promoted the use of acupuncture whereas lack of awareness, accessibility and accreditation were factors that hindered its use. Other factors that hindered the use of acupuncture was needle phobia and the perception that acupuncture lacks scientific evidence. Conclusions : Awareness on Korean Medicine and acupuncture is low. Participants lack awareness on what diseases acupuncture can treat, the scientific evidence behind the mechanism of action, and the rigorous education system that Korean Medicine doctors must go through to get their license. Rigorous marketing should be encouraged, which includes greater exposure in the media, more honest reviews from patients, and promotion of the scientific evidence base.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.31 no.4 s.54
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• pp.305-310
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• 2005

To obtain effective and safe depigmenting agents, we investigated the effects of Scirpi rhizoma, a medicine among Chinese herbs, on melanogenesis. Dried S. rhizoma was refluxed with 70% aqueous ethanol and the extract was evaporated to dryness. To determine the effects as a whitening agent, various in vitro tests were performed such as free radical scavenging activity, melanin formation assay, tyrosinase activity and expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1 and TRP-2(western blot and RT-PCR) in B16 melanoma cells. S. rhizoma showed scavenging activities of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) with the $IC_{50}\;of\;638{\mu}g/mL$ against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and $21.7{\mu}g/mL$ against superoxide radicals in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system, respectively. S. rhizoma significantly inhibited melanin production in B16 melanoma cells. S. rhizoma treatment(48 h) suppressed the biosynthesis of melanin up to 27% at 100{\mu}g/mL$ and reduced tyrosinase activity up to 31% at $100{\mu}g/mL$ in B16 melanoma cells. S. rhizoma was also able to significantly inhibit tyrosinase and TRP-1 expression in protein and mRNA level. These results suggest that S. rhizoma inhibited melanin biosynthesis by regulating tyrosinase activity and expression in B16 melanoma cells. Therefore, S. rhizoma may be useful as a new antioxidant and whitening agent to inhibit melanogenesis.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.409-424
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• 2019

Objectives: This research aimed to confirm the efficacy of oriental medicine in sixth cranial nerve palsy and to evaluate the quality of the studies. Methods: Using the medical subject heading (MeSH) keywords "abducens nerve palsy", "abducens nerve paralysis", "sixth nerve palsy", "herbal medicine", "Chinese medicine", "oriental medicine" and "acupuncture", we collected the research papers through an electronic database search in Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS), National Discovery for Science Leaders (NDSL), PubMed, Cochran Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Results: A total of 136 papers were searched from the databases. Among these, 15 case reports and 8 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) met our criteria. 17 articles were found on the use of acupuncture as the main intervention, 11 on the use of herbal medicine as the main intervention, and 9 on the use of electroacupuncture as the main intervention. The frequently used acupoints were LI4, EX-HN5, GB1, BL2, TE23, LR3, BL1, ST2, GB20, and ST36. All 23 studies confirmed the efficacy of Korean medicine. According to the assessment using the risk of bias, the overall quality of the RCTs was low. Conclusions: Twenty-three papers suggested that Korean medicine treatment for abducens nerve palsy was effective in many cases. Analyzing the potential bias was difficult.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.124-152
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• 2019

Objectives: This study aimed to ascertain what should be considered in the "Guideline for Clinical Trials with Herbal Medicinal Products for Colorectal Cancer" by analyzing the existing guidelines and clinical trials. Methods: The development committee searched guidelines for herbal medicinal products for colorectal cancer that have already been developed. Then, clinical trials for colorectal cancer using herbal medicine were searched. The searched trials were analyzed in terms of inclusion and exclusion of participants, intervention, comparator, outcomes and trial design. Then, we compared the results of our analysis with the regulations and guidelines of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in order to identify the issues we will have to consider when making the "Guideline for Clinical Trials with Herbal Medicinal Products for Colorectal Cancer". Several guidelines for anti-tumor agents and clinical trials with herbal medicinal products were searched on the national institution homepage. In addition, 12 articles were searched using a combination of the following search terms: 'colorectal neoplasms', 'herbal medicine', 'Medicine, Korean traditional', 'Medicine, Chinese Traditional', 'medicine, East Asian medicine', 'medicine, Kampo', etc. Results: The characteristics of participants were various, such as people with medical histories of surgeries or recurrent cancers or who complained of chemotherapy-induced side effects. The types of interventions were also various and included decoctions, powders, intravenous fluids, intraperitoneal injections and gargles. Comparators used included placebos and conventional treatments. The outcome measurements used in the studies were quality of life, symptom score, tumor response, and survival duration, etc. Safety was evaluated by recording adverse events. Conclusions: Findings were made by reviewing existing guidelines and comparing them with clinical trials for colorectal cancer and herbal medicinal products. These results will be utilized in the development of the "Guideline for Clinical Trials with Herbal Medicinal Products for Colorectal Cancer".

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.101-108
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• 2021

Objectives : A root of Dipsacus asperoides C. Y. Cheng et T. M. Ai (D. asperoides) has been traditionally used as a medicinal resource in several Asian countries, including Korean and traditional Chinese medicine that has been traditionally used for treating several medical conditions including pain, arthritis, and bone fractures in Korea. In the present study, we investigated potential subacute toxicities of D. asperoides extract. Methods : C57BL/6 mice (male, 7weeks) were randomly divided into 4 groups of 5 mice. Except for the control group, the mice were orally administrated D. asperoides extract at doses of 50, 150, or 450 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks. At the end of the treatment period, all mice were euthanized, and the following parameters were examined: mortality, body weight, clinical signs, gross findings, hematology, serum biochemistry, organ weight, and histopathology. Results : There were no abnormalities in mortality, clinical signs, body weight, gross findings, or organ weight after repeated administration of D. asperoides extract for 2 weeks, compared with the control group. In addition, there were no significant changes in hematological, serum biochemical, and histopathological parameters between the control group and D. asperoides extract administrated groups with doses of up to 450 mg/kg/day. Conclusion : In this study, D. asperoides extract showed no significant toxicities at a dose of up to 450 mg/kg/day in mice. Although we could not confirm the toxic dose of D. asperoides extract, it can be considered safe for further pharmacological use.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.136-153
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• 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to find out whether east asian herbal medicine (EAHM) treatment alone is effective in improving pregnancy-related indicators compared to conventional medicine in women with Diminished Ovarian Reserve (DOR). Methods: We searched eligible studies from PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, CiNii, Korean Medical Database, Korean Studies Information Service System, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System, ScienceOn. GRADE pro was used to evaluate the current evidence of the study. Result: A total of 5 studies, 325 women with DOR were included. EAHM showed a significant effect on improvement of pregnancy rate (n=270, RR 2.13 [95% CI 1.44 to 3.15], Z=3.78, p=0.0002, I2=0%) and Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) level (n=211, SMD 0.82 [95% CI 0.40 to 1.25], Z=3.80, p=0.0001) compared to conventional medicine. In ovulation rate (n=156, RR 0.86 [95% CI 0.70 to 1.06], Z=1.43, p=0.15, I2=0%), Antral Follicle Count (n=245, SMD 0.27 [95% CI -0.25 to 0.79], Z=1.01, p=0.31), and follicle stimulating hormone (n=245, SMD 0.29 [95% CI -0.13 to 0.70], Z=1.36, p=0.17) level, EAHM showed similar effects to conventional medicine. In this study, the most frequently used herbal medicines were Cuscutae Semen, Dipsaci Radix, and Angelicae Gigantis Radix. Conclusion: This meta-analysis showed that EAHM could improve pregnancy rates and AMH levels in women with DOR. However, more well-designed RCTs will have to be performed further in the future.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.335-347
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• 2023

Objectives: The study aimed to understand the current treatment patterns in Korean medicine to develop clinical practice guidelines for autonomic dysfunction in Korean medicine. Methods: This study sent an online survey vai text message to 25,900 Korean medicine doctors whose contact information was registered with the Association of Korean Medicine. A total of 1,410 Korean medical doctors completed the online survey. Results: When autonomic treating dysfunction clinically, 77% of the cases included only a description without entering a diagnosis code. The most commonly used information to diagnose o autonomic dysfunction was history-taking and symptoms (79%), and the main symptoms of autonomic dysfunction were palpitations, dizziness, sleeping difficulties, anxiety/nervousness, and depression/lethargy. The most frequently mentioned cause of autonomic dysfunction was mental problems (54%). The most commonly used Korean medicine treatment method for autonomic dysfunction was herbal medicine (70%), and Soyo-san/Gamisoyo-san is the most frequently used herbal medicine preparation. Liver qi depression used to indicate the most often mentioned Korean medicine pattern identification used to indicate autonomic dysfunction (31%). When asked whether cardiac neurosis in Chinese medicine can be considered autonomic dysfunction, opinions for and against it are determined almost equally. Conclusions: Our results serve are a foundation for developing clinical practice guidelines for autonomic dysfunction in Korean medicine and are expected to catalyst promoting future clinical research on autonomic dysfunction.

• Mycobiology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 2003

Sclerotia of Grifola umbellata were cultivated by two methods such as burying and root inoculation methods. The sclerotia of G. umbellata produced by the burying method were $6.0{\sim}6.8{\times}3.4{\sim}4.6{\times}1.8{\sim}1.9cm$(Width$\times$Length$\times$Thickness) in size and $17.3{\sim}19.6g$ in weight, respectively. Their increase rate was $1.10{\times}1.12$ times. On the other hand, the sclerotia cultivated by the root inoculation method were $18.3{\sim}31.5{\times}12.5{\sim}26.4{\times}3.1{\sim}3.7cm(W{\times}L{\times}T)$ in size and $219.1{\sim}576.6g$ in weight, respectively. Their growth increment was $11.18{\sim}39.77$ times. The rhizomorphs of Armillaria mellea were developed with a high density under fallen leaves layer covering cultivation site, and distributed mainly between soil surface and soil depth of about 10 cm as well as colonized prominently on the inoculated wood logs. Fungal interaction between G. umbellata and A. mellea were observed mainly in the stage of white sclerotium of G. umbellata. The sclerotia of G. umbellata which were developed newly and harvested in the root inoculation method were twined with root hairs of host tree and rhizomorphs of A. mellea. The sclerotia of G. umbellata decomposing root hairs of host tree were confirmed through SEM examination. Physiochemical characteristics of soil in all cultivation sites had no significant differences. Soil pH were in the range of pH $3.98{\sim}4.40$. Organic matters were the range of $17.97{\sim}23.86%$ and moisture contents of soil were $12.00{\sim}18.20%$. Soil temperatures showed $12.9{\sim}13.8^{\circ}C$ in November and $22.0{\sim}23.9^{\circ}C$ in August, respectively. In conclusion, the root inoculation method seems to be a practical method for cultivating sclerotia of G. umbellata due to its many advantages such as simplicity of inoculation process, shortening of cultivation periods and facility of harvest.