• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing health promoting behavior of the late school age children and to analyze the difference of health promoting behavior according to personal factors of children. Methods: The subjects consisted of 169 school-aged children in the 6th grade in Gyeonggi-do. Data were collected from Dec. 1 to Dec. 10, 2008. The data were analyzed by using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and Stepwise multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. Results: 1) Health promoting behavior was proved to be relatively high. The average item score for the health promoting behavior was $3.85{\pm}.41$. The highest degree of health promoting behavior was stress management (4.13). whereas the one with the lowest degree was exercise (3.40). 2) In the relationship between personal factors and health promoting behavior, there were statistically significant differences in gender, perceived health status, family mood, father's drinking habits, school performance, school satisfaction. 3) Health promoting behavior was showed significant positive correlations with perceived self-efficacy (r=.55), social support (r=.65), prior related behaviors (r=.44), perceived benefits of action (r=.42), and significant negative correlations with perceived barriers of action (r=-.37). 4) Stepwise multiple regression analysis was revealed that the most powerful predictor of health promoting behavior was social support ($\beta$=0.36) Conclusion: The combination of social support, perceived self-efficacy, perceived benefits of action, gender, and family mood accounted for 57.8% of the variance in the health promoting behavior of the late school age children.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.433-445
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of children's temperament, parent-child communication, peer relationships on children's cognitive and affective happiness. The participants consisted of 396 elementary school students aged 10-13 dwelling in Jeonbuk province. Data was analyzed through descriptive statistics, t-test, regression analysis using the SPSS 18.0 program. The most salient results from this study were as follows: first, there were statistically significant differences in the children's happiness according to academic performance and family's economic level; children who considered themselves to have good grades and to have a higher standard of living were happier than other groups. However, there was no significant difference in children's happiness in relation to gender. Second, children's temperament(sociability, activity), parent-child open communication and peer relationships were positively associated with the children's cognitive and affective happiness. Children's emotional temperament, parent-child problem communication were negatively associated with the children's cognitive and affective happiness. Third, as the results of regression analysis, parent-child open communication, children's temperament(activity, sociability), peer relationships were considered to be the most influential factors in explaining cognitive happiness. And parent-child open communication, parent-child problem communication, children's temperament(activity) were influential factors in explaining affective happiness. In conclusion, children's happiness is critically affected not only by internal variables but also environmental ones such as parents and peers.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.57-72
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• 2004

Background : The part to be very important that we make the physical development rightly at elementary school student days. Objective : This study investigated the relation of a physical health status which itself recognizes and an exercise performance situation out for an elementary school students. Methods : This cross-sectional study examined health and exercise performance status of 1,032 elementary school children. To examine children's a physical injury experience and injury occurrence characteristic and a personal computer utility condition, a body alignment status of the student which parents recognize and the relation of a fatigue and concentration level was an investigation with other factors. Results: An average age of the children was the 10.95 yr and an average weight was the 39.02 kg and an average height was the 145.17cm. The student to be experiencing currently an pain occurrence was 192(19.07%). It was most high to the grade 6(23.33%) compared with different grade(p<.01). Physical pain occurrence rate did not exist by gender(p>.05). There is most an pain occurrence region the ankle(38.0%). They had a 27.19% an physical injury experience of the students. A injury rate was revealed that were high as were the high grade(grade 6, 36.72%)(p<.01). A reason of the injury rate was high in a collision at the body(19.84%), falling down(18.68%) sequence at a traffic accident(22.96%)(p<.05). There were the significant relation to the school year the reason of the injury (p<.05). Currently there was the student to be taking special exercises a 57.97%. This that they have the relation with exercise with physical pain students to recognize 23.8%. The significant relation did not exist in the physical exercise execution and pain occurrence on the body(p>.05).

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.567-581
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• 2009

이 연구는 영(0)이 계산오류를 유발한다는 점에 착안하여, 0이 초등학생들의 사칙계산 수행에 어느 정도로 영향을 미치는지 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 A시의 한 초등학교 3,4,5,6학년 아동 222명을 대상으로 지필검사를 실시하였다. 지필검사의 내용은 한 자리 수를 대상으로 한 기초셈, 세로뺄셈, 세로곱셈, 세로나눗셈이었다. 검사 결과, 0이 초등학생들의 계산수행에 미치는 영향이 전 영역에 해당되는 것이 아니라 개별 주제에 해당되는 지엽적인 것으로 나타났다. 예를 들면, 곱셈 구구단에서 0단의 경우, 세로 뺄셈에서 0이 연속 2회 나오는 경우, 세로곱셈에서 0이 수의 중간에 있는 경우, 피제수나 제수에 0이 있는 세로나눗셈에서는 0이 과제 난도를 어느 정도 높이는 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 이들 개별 영역은 고학년에서도 그 비율이 상당하여 인위적인 교수학적 처방이 요구됨을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.145-153
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• 2007

Objectives: This study was focused on the influence of chronic aircraft noise exposure on children's continuous performance, intelligence and reading skill. Methods: We enrolled 586 children in 4-6th grade of 7 primary schools near air base in Korea. Continuous performance was measured using the computerized ADS program. We analyzed 477-512 children on the visual continuous performance test, auditory continuous performance test, intelligence test, and reading and the vocabulary test. Intelligence was measured using vocabulary, digit span, block design, and digit symbol tests of K-WISC-III. Results: The commission error and variability deviation of auditory continuous performance test and reading test were significantly higher among children in schools with the helicopter noise and the fighting plane noise compared to children in the low noised schools. Conclusion: There was a possibility that chronic aircraft noise exposure was associated with impairment of the school performance. The result of our study also shows chronic aircraft noise was associated with reading ability.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제51권9호
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• pp.922-934
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• 2008

Developmental language disorder is the most common developmental disability in childhood, occurring in 5-8% of preschool children. Children learn language in early childhood, and later they use language to learn. Children with language disorders are at increased risk for difficulties with reading and written language when they enter school. These problems often persist through adolescence or adulthood. Early intervention may prevent the more serious consequences of later academic problems, including learning disabilities. A child's performance in specific speech and language areas, such as phonological ability, vocabulary comprehension, and grammatical usage, is measured objectively using the most recently standardized, norm-referenced tests for a particular age group. Observation and qualitative analysis of a child's performance supplement objective test results are essential for making a diagnosis and devising a treatment plan. Emphasis on the team approach system in the evaluation of children with speech and language impairments has been increasing. Evidence-based therapeutic interventions with short-term, long-term, and functional outcome goals should be applied, because there are many examples of controversial practices that have not been validated in large, controlled trials. Following treatment intervention, periodic follow-up monitoring by a doctor is also important. In addition, a systematized national health policy for children with speech and language disorders should be provided.

• 인간행동과 음악연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2016

본 연구는 아동의 리듬 수행 능력과 인지 능력 간 상관관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 평균 연령 9세의 초등학생 59명을 대상으로 iPad 기반 리듬 수행 검사, 숫자 외우기 검사(DST), 아동 색선로 검사(CCTT), 키보드를 활용한 자가탭핑 검사를 진행하였다. 검사 결과, 리듬 재산출의 정확도(accuracy)를 측정하는 리듬 수행 검사 1단계 10개 문항은 자가탭핑 평균속도(s)와 유의한 상관관계가 나타났으며, 리듬 수행 검사 2단계에서 측정하는 그룹핑(grouping) 능력은 CCTT 검사 결과와 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 특히 문항 특성에 따른 결과를 분석한 결과 일정한 리듬이 두 번 이상 연속으로 반복되어 제공되는 리듬꼴의 정확한 수행은 자가탭핑 속도와 부적 상관관계가 있었으며, 분할박이 많은 리듬꼴의 리듬 수행력은 CCTT, 즉 집행기능과 유의한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과 리듬 재산출 과제가 초등학교 학령기 아동의 인지 기능 검사 결과와 유의한 상관관계에 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 아동이 산출하는 자가탭핑 속도, 즉 내적 리듬 특성이 인지 기능과 상관관계에 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 학령기 아동의 리듬 수행력과 관련된 기초 자료를 제시하고, 이러한 리듬수행력이 인지 기능의 측정 지표가 될 수 있는 가능성이 있음을 시사한다. 본 연구에서 도출된 결과를 통해 추후 리듬꼴의 특징 및 리듬 과제의 난이도에 따른 리듬 수행력이 학령기 아동의 인지적, 정서행동적, 음악적 특성을 다각적으로 평가할 수 있는 가능성 또한 제언되었다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.133-146
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to compare the metacognitive abilities of low and middle-achievers in elementary school. Forty-nine low-and fifty middle-achieving 6th graders were selected from two elementary schools in Seoul. The tower of Hanoi with three discs was used to explore the children's abilities. The subjects were asked to move the three discs on a post to another post five times. All children's performances on the Hanoi tower were video taped. KEDI-WISC, an intelligence test was also used to see whether the children's intelligence scores affect their performances. The results showed that: (1) there was no significant difference between the two groups in the rate of success for the tasks; (2) low-achievers took more time to finish the tasks than middle-achievers, but the time difference decreased dramatically after the first trial; (3) no significant differences was found in self monitoring abilities, though the low-achievers needed more time to start monitoring themselves; (4) low-achievers had much more difficulty in representing the tasks; (5) the IQ scores of the middle-achievers were significantly higher than the low-achievers, but the IQ scores of low achievers were more scattered than those of middle-achievers; that is, IQ scores significantly affected the performance of the children.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제12A권2호
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• pp.191-196
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• 2005

다양한 무선 컨텐츠 개발의 요구에 의하여 교육 목적에 적합한 무선 인터넷의 시도가 나타나고 있다. 본 논문에서는 학교 현장의 학생생활에 대한 여러 내용들을 무선 컨텐츠로 만들어 학부모들에게 전달할 수 있는 무선 컨텐츠론 설계한다. 이 무선 컨텐츠는 WML 언어를 사용하여 구현한다. 시간이 없어 자녀의 학교생활에 대한 정보를 자주 접하지 못하는 학부모들에게 무선 인터넷이 다양한 의사소통의 수단으로 중요한 역할을 할 수 있다. 중학교 3학년 학생들의 학부모들을 대상으로 월 1회 학부모들이 주기적으로 이동전화로 직접 접속하게 하여 정보를 전달하였다. 본 연구의 실험 결과 학생들의 학교생활에 대하여 능동적 참여를 유도할 수 있었고, 그들 자녀의 학교생활을 잘 이해할 수 있게 하였다. 학교 정보중에서 학생과 관련한 정보의 접근이 많았고, 학교 공지 사항에 대한 접근도 많았다. 또 교사의 입장에서도 학생들을 세심하게 관찰하게 되고 긍정적인 사고를 갖게 하는 효과가 있었다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2003

가족소득은 어머니의 교육수준과 밀접하게 관련되어 있다는 이전의 많은 연구들에 근거하여, 세대간 교육수준 순환의 가정하에 두 문제점들이 제기되었다 : (a) 어머니의 교육수준이 학령기 아동의 학업성적을 예측할 수 있는가? (b) 만약 예측되어진다면, 교육수준의 역순환은 부모의 경제적 수준상태에 의하여 이러한 영향을 상쇄시킬 수 있는가? 아동발달에 대한 보다 나은 이해를 추구하고자 종단적 데이타를 사용하였다. 즉, 아동이 2살일 때 부모의 경제적 수준상태가 측정되어졌으며, 아동들이 초등학교 1학년이 되었을 때 다시 담임선생에 의한 아동의 학업성적이 측정되어졌다. 이러한 데이타는 Structure equation modelling analyses 통계분석법을 이용하여, 본 연구는 어머니의 교육수준이 아동의 초등학교 1학년 때의 학업성적을 예측한다는 것을 검증하였으며, 이러한 관계는 부모의 경제적 수준상태에 의하여 상쇄될 수 있다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 그러므로, 이 연구는 어머니의 저교육수준에 따른 아동의 열등한 학업성적 순환고리는 부모의 경제적 수준의 영향에 의해 깨어질 수 있다는 가능성을 밝혀주었으며, 아동기 발달의 한 경로를 분명히 제시하였다.