• 제목/요약/키워드: childhood cases

검색결과 505건 처리시간 0.026초

농흉의 임상적 고찰 (A Study of 80 Cases of Empyema)

  • 김세화;곽문섭;주수동
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
    • /
    • 제2권1호
    • /
    • pp.41-49
    • /
    • 1969
  • The authors made a clinical study of 80 cases of empyema who were diagnosed and treated at department of chest surgery, St. Mary`s Hospital, Chatholic Medical College, during the period of May.l964 through April.1969 and compared the empyema of infant and children with that of adults. 1. In age and sex ditribution, infant was 6 cases, childhood 22 cases and adult 52 cases. The ratio of male to female was 2.2:1. There`s a little difference in infant-childhood but prominence of males over females in adults was being 3. 3:1, in its ratio. 2. The cardinal symptoms were cough [61.3%], fever [60.0%] and dyspnea [52.8%]. The leukocytosis were observed in 83.7% of all cases, 96.2% of infant-childhood and 76.9% of adults. The hemoglobin level showed subnormal in 82.1% of infant-childhood and in 55.8% of adults. 3. Most frequent lesion to predisposing factor of empyema was pneumonia [43.7%],being prominent in infants children [64.3%] to that of adult 4. The Pathogenic organism by culture in 75 cases of empyema were staphylococuss [48%], streptococuss[9.3%], Gram[-] bacilli [9.3%], Klebsiella[2.7%], pneumococcus[4.0%], E. coli [5.4%] and no growth 21.3% in over all. Among the cases of empyema. staphlocal origin was 62.9% in infant-childfood and 39.6% adults. 5. Staphylococci were most susceptible to erythromycin [86. 1%], Kanamycin [75.0%], albamycin [61.7%] and neomycin [52.8%] but most resistant to penicillin, Chtoramphenicol and terramycin. 6. In the treatment of empyema, of 53 cases were closed thoracotomy drainage and the remainder of cases by open thoracotomy, decortication, thoracoplasty and pleuropneumonectomy. we could attain favourable results by only the closed thoracotomy in infant-childhood, 28 cases. 7. The mortality rate was 6.3% in over all; adult 3 cases, infant and children 2 cases. 3 cases of these, were due to staphylococcal infection.

  • PDF

유소아(幼小兒) 막흉(膜胸) 100례(例) 대(對)한 임상적(臨床的) 고찰(考察) (A Clinical Study of 100 Cases of Empyema thoracis in Infancy and Childhood)

  • 김종원;우종수;정황규
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
    • /
    • 제9권2호
    • /
    • pp.125-132
    • /
    • 1976
  • The author made clinical study of 100 cases of empyema in infancy and childhood that were treated at the Department of Chest Surgery, Busan University Hospital and Busan Children's Charity Hospital, from Jan 1962 to Nov. 1975. 1. In infancy and childhood, 62 cases out of my 100 cases of empyema were caused by .staphylococci and most of recent reports showed a gradual increase in number of staphylococcal empyema. 2. Most frequent lesion predisposing to empyema in infancy and childhood was pneumonia (72%), being remarkable in staphylococcal empyema (85.5%) to that of others. 3. Antibiotics sensitivity test for staphylococci revealed that the erythromycin was most susceptible (85. 5%). 4. The mortality rate was 6% in over all and the author believes that from the point of view of surgical treatment, failure of early continuous drainage on account of multiple thoracentesis for the early stage of empyema, and also early open thoracotomy procedure such as decortication were all the contributing factors to higher mortality in the empyema of infancy and childhood. 5. It may be concluded that the treatment of choice for empyema in infancy and childhood were early and prolonged continuous drainage of pus by closed thoracotomy with caution and administration of more susceptible antibiotics with nutritional support.

  • PDF

Data Quality of Childhood Cancer in Khon Kaen, Thailand, 1990-2007

  • Suwanrungruang, Krittika;Kamsa-ard, Supot;Wiangnon, Surapon
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • 제15권18호
    • /
    • pp.7985-7987
    • /
    • 2014
  • Introduction: Khon Kaen Cancer Registry (KKCR) was established in 1984. KKCR aims to collect all cancer cases in Khon Kaen Province. The poorly qualified data may lead to distort the cancer burden and misinterpretation of policy maker. Objective: To assess data quality in childhood cancer between 1990 and 2007 in Khon Kaen Province, Thailand. Materials and Methods: Data of childhood cancer cases aged less than 20 years diagnosed during 1990-2007 were retrieved from the population-based data set of KKCR. All childhood cancer data were verified before data entry. Internal consistency, percentage of morphological verification (MV%) and cancer cased of the basis of diagnosis by death certificate only (DCO%) were evaluated. The age-adjusted rate (ASR) was calculated by standard method. Results: The data of childhood cancer from KKCR is acceptably qualified which reflects the quality of the whole registration.

Esthetic Restoration of Deciduous Teeth Using Prefabricated Zirconia Crown in Children with Early Childhood Caries: A Report of Three Cases

  • An, So-Youn;Shim, Youn-Soo
    • 치위생과학회지
    • /
    • 제18권3호
    • /
    • pp.194-200
    • /
    • 2018
  • Early childhood caries is a widespread condition that requires attention; however, its treatment remains a challenge in terms of child behavior management. This study describes the usefulness of customized zirconia crowns for the restoration of deciduous teeth through the evaluation of some cases. Three cases are described: a 29-month-old girl who presented with severe early childhood caries affecting anterior tooth, a 50-month-old boy who presented with extensive caries of his anterior tooth, and 70-month-old girl who presented with extensive caries of his primary posterior dentition. These prefabricated, zirconium-based ceramic crowns ($Nusmile^{TM}$ NuSmile) are available in various sizes, shapes and colors. Before the treatment, radiographs and intraoral photographs were taken to evaluate the appropriateness of treatment. Our findings indicate that customized zirconia crowns may be appropriate for restoring the deciduous teeth. Further long-term clinical studies are required to clarify the usefulness of this restorative method.

소아 농흉의 임상적 고찰 (clinical analysis of childhood empyema)

  • 김범식
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
    • /
    • 제19권3호
    • /
    • pp.385-390
    • /
    • 1986
  • Empyema is a severe infection encountered in the pediatrics. With advance of the antibiotics and chemotherapeutics, there was a marked decrease in number of empyema. Empyema complicated by staphylococcal pneumonia in infant and children has been distressing problem, and the management of this complication has been discussed repeatedly in the past. In Korea, tuberculous empyema is also troublesome. If empyema is localized within thick capsule, tube thoracostomy and closed drainage alone is unacceptable, and early open thoracotomy to eliminate the empyema has proved good result. A clinical analysis of 39 patients with thoracic empyema was done. They were managed surgical intervention at Dept. of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery at Kyung-Hee University Hospital from Jan. 1974 to December, 1984. 1. Age and sex distribution, infancy 9, early childhood 11. late childhood 9, puberty 10. The male to female ratio was 21:18. 2. The highest seasonal incidence was winter [21 cases]. 3. Cardinal symptoms were cough [76%], fever and chill [66%], and dyspnea [40%]. 4. The location of the empyema was right in 27 cases [69%] and 12 cases in left side. 5. The most frequent lesion to predisposing factor was pneumonia [67%]. 6. The commonest organism was Staphylococcus aureus in 15 [38%] cases, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 10 cases [26%]. 7. The surgical treatment was performed in all patients. The surgical procedure was closed tube thoracostomy in 25 cases [64%], decortication in 7 cases [18%], pulmonary resection in 4 cases [10%], and decortication with curettage in 2 cases. 8. One patient died from sepsis complicated by lymphoma and in one patient bronchopleural fistula was developed postoperatively.

  • PDF

Maternal Factors and Risk of Childhood Leukemia

  • Kumar, Ashok;Vashist, Minakshi;Rathee, Radha
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • 제15권2호
    • /
    • pp.781-784
    • /
    • 2014
  • Background: Although the cause in most cases of childhood leukemia is not known, the contribution of environmental risk factors in the context of genetic predisposition has been reported with inconsistent results. The aim of this study was to examine association of childhood leukemia with maternal factors especially during pregnancy, to help in avoiding risk factors. Materials and Methods: This case-control study included children younger than 18 years diagnosed with leukemia from 2008 to 2012. Controls were randomly selected and individually matched to cases with respect to age, sex, and residency. All variables were compared between cases and control to determine any significant association with leukemia. Results: Statistically significant associations between risk of childhood leukemia with mother's education (p=0.001), occupation (p=0.0005) and pesticides exposure (p=0.005) during pregnancy were found. However, there were no significant links with maternal age (p=0.090), history of fetal loss (0.85), history of radiography during pregnancy (p=0.400), history of drug intake (p=0.689) and infection (p=0.696) during pregnancy. Conclusions: The results showed increased risk of leukemia in children whose mothers were working in agriculture and were exposed to pesticides during pregnancy. The further study needs to be investigated to know association of various maternal risk factors with leukemia which remained unknown in this study.

Evaluation of the Histo-Epidemiological Profile of Solid Childhood Cancers in Togo

  • Darre, Tchin;Maneh, Nidain;Kpatcha, Matchonna;Boume, Azanledji;Padaro, Essohana;Amegbor, Koffi;Napo-Koura, Gado
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • 제17권1호
    • /
    • pp.81-83
    • /
    • 2016
  • Background: Cancer is a subject of continuing concern, more common in adults than in children, but often with a poor outcome in the latter. Our study set itself the objective to describe the epidemiological and histological aspects of solid cancers in children in Togo. Materials and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study focused on cases of solid cancers in children diagnosed from 2010 to 2014 (5 years) at the pathology laboratory of the Tokoin teaching hospital. Data were collected from the records of that laboratory. Results: We collected 66 cases of childhood cancer representing 5% of all solid cancers. The annual incidence was 13.2 cases. The sex ratio (M/F) was 1.4; mean age was of $7.2{\pm}1.6years$. The age group most affected was that of 5-9 years (40.9%). Four histological groups of solid childhood cancers were listed: lymphoma (n=34 cases; 51.5%), embryonic cancer (n=17 cases; 25.8%), sarcomas (n=13 cases; 19.7%) and carcinoma (n=2 cases; 3%). The most common histological types were Burkitt lymphoma (36.4%), nephroblastoma (10.6%) and retinoblastoma (10.6%). Conclusions: This study shows that solid cancers in children are relatively frequent in Togo with a male predominance. They are still largely dominated by Burkitt lymphoma, followed by retinoblastoma and nephroblastoma.

소아 췌장염의 원인과 중증도 분석 (Etiology and Analysis of Severity in Childhood Pancreatitis)

  • 박준은;김경모
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
    • /
    • 제2권2호
    • /
    • pp.194-203
    • /
    • 1999
  • 목 적: 급성췌장염의 원인이 성인의 경우와는 다르고 매우 다양하며 보고마다 많은 차이를 보여서 단일기관의 경험을 토대로 소아 췌장염의 원인을 알아보고자 하였고 췌장염의 중증도를 분석하기는 방법으로 쓰이는 Ranson 기준과 복부 단층촬영에 의한 조기 예후 판정기준(Balthazar의 CT기준)의 소아 췌장염에서 적용여부를 알고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1992년 3월에서 1996년 8월까지 4년 6개월 동안 서울중앙병원 소아과에 내원하여 췌장염으로 진단 받은 30명을 대상으로 하였다. 이들의 병록지를 조사하여 췌장염을 일으키는 원인을 중심으로 임상양상, 합병증, 결과를 검토하였다. 또한 급성췌장염의 중증도를 조기에 객관적으로 판정할 수 있는 지표로서 널리 사용되고 있는 Ranson의 조기 예후 판정 기준과 복부 단층촬영에 의한 조기 예후 판정 기준(Balthazar 기준)을 산출하고 발생한 췌장염의 합병증의 수와 Ranson기준 및 CT 기준에 대하여 Spearman상관계수를 구하여서 이들 기준이 췌장염의 합병증의 발생과 연관성을 밝혀서 소아에서 췌장염의 중증도 평가의 적용여부를 밝히고자 하였다. 결 과: 1) 환아들의 발병당시의 평균연령은 7.3세(6개월에서 14.9세까지)이었고, 남아 14명, 여아 16명 이었고, 이중에 급성 췌장염이 28례, 만성 췌장염이 2례가 있었다. 2) 원인으로는 총수담관낭이 8례로 가장 많았으며, 약물복용 7례, 외상 4례, 감염 3례, 담석 췌장염 3례, 특별한 원인이 없는 경우가 2례, 용혈성 요독증후군 1례, 췌장두부 협착 1례, 역행성 담췌관조영술후 합병증에 의한 경우 1례였다. 약물복용은 L-asparaginase 5례, Erwinase 1례, Dexamethasone 1례가 있었고, 감염은 mumps 1례, Yersinia에 의한 감염 2례가 있었다. 3) 임상증상은 복통이 30례(100%)로 가장 많았고, 오심이 22례(73.3%), 구토가 20례(66.7%), 발열이 9례(30%), 복부팽만이 9례(30%), 설사가 5례(16.7%), 복부종물이 1례(3.3%)에서 있었다. 4) 국소적 합병증은 복수 5례, 가성낭 4례이었고, 전신적 합병증으로는 흉막삼출 3례, 폐혈증 1례, 저혈압 1례, 신부전 1례, 고혈당증 4례, 저칼슘혈증 3례, 고칼륨혈증 1례, 대사성 산증 1례가 있었다. 5) 모든 경우에서 금식등 대증요법이 치료의 근간을 이루었으나 6례에서 somatostatin을 투여하였다. 총수담관낭 8례는 모두 수술적 제거를 하였고, 가성낭 파열로 내부배액법을 1례에서 하였으며, 가성낭을 초음파에 의한 경피적 배액을 하였으나 췌루형성으로 지속적인 췌장액 배액이 있어서 내부배액법을 실시한 경우가 1례가 있었다. 6) 합병증의 수와 Ranson 및 CT 예후판정 기준사이에 상관성을 보기 위해 Spearman 상관 계수를 측정하였는데, Ranson의 중증도판정 기준과 합병증의 수 사이의 상관계수는 r=0.78 (P= 0.0016)이었고, CT기준과 합병증의 수 사이에도 r=0.65 (P=0.015)으로 유의한 상관성이 있었다. 결 론: 본 연구에서 췌장염의 원인으로는 총수담 관낭, 약물, 외상의 순으로 많았으며 기존 다른 저자들의 경험과는 다른 점으로는 급성췌장염의 원인으로 총수담관낭이 가장 많았다는 점으로 소아에서 췌장염의 증세를 발견시 적극적으로 총수담관의 기형유무를 찾아보아야 된다고 생각된다. 또한 Ranson에 의한 중증도판정 기준과 CT기준 모두가 일어난 합병증의 수와 의미있는 상관관계를 가지므로 Ranson기준과 CT기준 모두가 췌장염의 합병증과 밀접한 관계를 가지며 췌장염을 일으키는 병의 중증도를 예견하는 데에 있어서 소아에서도 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

  • PDF

CYP1A1 유전자발현과 소아천식의 상관 (Association between CYP1A1 Expression and Childhood Asthma)

  • 양미희
    • Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
    • /
    • 제20권3호
    • /
    • pp.209-213
    • /
    • 2005
  • Due to steady increase of childhood asthma, exposure to air toxics including PAHs have been thought as an etiology for the asthma. PAHs -involvement in airway inflammation, such as IgE production, is the potential mechanism of the PAHs-induced asthma. Cytochrome P450s (CYPs), particularly CYP1A1 is known enzyme to metabolite PAHs and to be induced by PAHs. The CYP1A1 expression has been emphasized as an biomarker for PAHs - exposure. The present study was performed to clarify the etiology of childhood asthma with PAHs-exposure using mRNA expression of CYP1A1 . The study Objects were Korean children who were asthma patients (cases) or other hospital controls (N=20; age,3 $\~$ 16; boys,56$\%$). As result, we detected expression of the CYP1A1 in all peripheral blood specimens which were collected from the subjects. Moreover, we found approx. 300 fold-higher expression of the CYP1A1 in the cases than that in the controls (p(<)0.01). When we considered age which was related to Asthma, the above significant trend was somewhat diluted, however, the relation between asthma and the Cypih i expression waL stronger than that between asthma and age (chi square,7.99 vs. 3.34). Therefore, our study supports that PAHs induce or worse childhood asthma and suggests application of expression of the CYP1A1 as an initiation or progress biomarker for PAHs - induced childhood asthma.

Epidemiology of Childhood Cancer in Northwest Iran

  • Fathi, Afshin;Amani, Firouz;Bahadoram, Mohammad
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • 제16권13호
    • /
    • pp.5459-5462
    • /
    • 2015
  • This case series study was performed for all 83 children below 14 years old suffering from cancer during 2010-2013 who were registered in Ardabil pediatric cancer registry (APCR). The required data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS.19 statistical methods software. Some 51 (61.4%) of cases were male. The mean age of patients was 5.8 years. Of the total, 60 (72.3%) of cases were from urban areas. Results showed that leukemia with 54.2%, CNS with 12% and neuroblastoma with 8.4% were the most prevalent childhood malignancies in Ardabil province. Based on the under 14 year old population estimated from Ardabil province, the cumulative incidence rate was 95.4 patients per one million. The incidence rate was relatively high so that childhood cancers should be considered as an important issue in health policy making in Ardabil province of Iran.