• 한국아동복지학
• /
• 제36호
• /
• pp.65-99
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 OECD 국가를 대상으로 복지국가의 아동 가족복지지출과 아동빈곤율의 관계를 분석한 탐색적 연구이다. 아동 가족복지지출은 복지국가의 아동 가족을 대상으로 한 복지 노력(welfare effort)을 나타내는 지표이며, 본 연구에서는 아동 가족복지지출 총량뿐 아니라 아동 가족을 대상으로 한 다양한 분야의 복지지출을 구분해서 분석함으로써 아동 가족에 대한 구체적인 복지국가의 복지노력과 아동빈곤율의 관계를 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 사용된 아동빈곤율 자료는 LIS와 OECD에서 계산한 데이터를 이용하였고 아동 가족복지지출 자료는 OECD SOCX 자료를 활용하였으며 23개국을 대상으로 상관관계 군집분석 방법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 이 분석을 통해 아동빈곤율에 대한 급여전략(benefit strategy)과 근로전략(work strategy)의 유효성을 파악할 수 있었다. 아동빈곤율이 높은 국가들은 대부분 전체빈곤율보다 아동빈곤율 수치가 더 높은 반면, 스칸디나비아 국가들은 아동빈곤율 수준이 전체빈곤율 수준보다 낮았다. 아동 가족복지총지출과 아동빈곤율의 상관관계는 매우 높았고, 특히 서비스지출, 휴가급여지출과의 상관관계가 높았으나 현금급여지출과 아동빈곤율의 상관관계는 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 통해 우리나라 아동빈곤율 완화를 위해서는 무엇보다 아동 가족 분야 사회복지 예산과 지출을 증가시켜야 하며, 아동 가족복지지출 중에서도 서비스지출, 휴가급여지출을 증대시켜야 하며, 아동이 있는 가구 부모의 경제활동을 지원하는 적극적노동시장 정책 등 아동가구 부모에 대한 근로지원정책을 확대시켜야 한다는 정책적 함의를 도출할 수 있었다.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제30권6호
• /
• pp.337-347
• /
• 2009

Since 1990, South Korean children living in relative poverty have increased whereas those living in absolute poverty have decreased until 2002 and then the decrease remained somewhat stagnant. A substantial body of research proposed a strong relations between child poverty and low quality well-being of the child. Poor children, in comparison to those of more affluent families, are more likely to have health, behavioral, social, and emotional problems. They are also more likely to grow up in families that provide less cognitive stimulations which, in turn, can negatively affect their cognitive and academic attainments. The present paper highlights the trends and the consequences of child poverty and suggests policy approaches based on the premise of decreasing poverty of low-income children and their families.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권11호
• /
• pp.585-593
• /
• 2020

This study contributes to the existing literature by empirically exploring the causes of child labor in the Indonesian labor market. Factors identified include rate of poverty, average wages, education participation, and quality of education. This study utilized an aggregate data of 301 districts and cities across 34 provinces sourced from the National Labor Force Survey and the National School/Madrasah Accreditation Board of the Republic of Indonesia. Using a multiple regression analysis, the study found strong evidence of the positive effect of poverty on child labor. Conversely, the study documented the adverse impact of average wages on child labor in Indonesia. Similarly, the participation in the education system also contributed negatively to the child labor. Finally, the quality of education services is found to have a negative effect on child labor in Indonesia. The findings of this study suggest that, in efforts to reduce the involvement of children in the workforce, the poverty eradication program should be enhanced. The wages should be continuously improved, at least, in par with the changes in prices. Finally, the quality of education and its services ought to be further enhanced to attract more child student participation rates across junior high schools nationwide.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제2권
• /
• pp.67-82
• /
• 1981

The present study was intended to investigate ecological characteristics of poverty areas in Seoul from the perspectives of children's development. More specifically, the objectives of the study are to examine environmental ecology of the poverty areas and it's potential psycho-social development of children. Three poverty areas and 150 children currently living in the are as were sampled ; 70 children from middle class families and 88 from lower class respectively. Focal ecological aspects surveyed family environment, outdoor play ground and facilities, and village housing structures. Psycho-social dimension's development dealt with in the study included children's perceptions of parental child rearing practices and role taking, and children's future perception and perspectives. Data were collected through interviews and observations using structured formats. Following results were obtained from the data : 1. Children from the poverty families showed a higher tendency to have working mothers than those from middle class. 2. The rate of having single room is higher for children from middle class by two times than from lower class. 3. Children from lower class tended to have less favorable perceptions of attitudes tote and their own families than those from middle class. 4. The likelihood of showing discrepancy in vocational choice for children between parents and children is higher for children from lower class and those from middle class. 5. Children from lower class tended to allot more time in playing with peers than those from middle class. 6. The size of outdoor play ground are inadequately poor both for middle and lower class children. The inadequateness is particularly severe for the lower class children, showing that the size and facilities of playing ground available for the child from lower class is less than half compared with those of the children from middle class.

• 한국생활과학회지
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.257-270
• /
• 2000

Poor children are a field of causing of various Issues and become a subject of sympathy, concern and anger, against adult's poor such as sleeper outdoors and unemployed to be made a subject of discussion. This study has theoretically investigated the poverty concept, family trait around poor children. And also for understanding the above status, poverty circumstances have been focused children family and shelter-care children. The conclusions are as follows. First, the family of children head was formed with children under fifteen years of age. It was reported that solo families were 26.4% and living together families with relatives were 64.7%. As status of producing causes, parents death was shown the most rate as 49% and abscondence or missing was 31.9%. Second, In the shelter-care aspect, the highest case is a parents-divorce with 42.5%, while children-head case is just shown 0.5%. Therefore, in a child right viewpoint, it needs more systematical/long-range study on children poverty, and some policies for protecting the poverty-children must be established in social policy.

• 한국사회복지학
• /
• 제68권3호
• /
• pp.51-71
• /
• 2016

이 연구의 목적은 한국을 포함한 OECD 주요국을 대상으로 사회구조적 요인, 복지제도, 노동시장 및 정치제도 등 독신모가구 빈곤의 국가 간 다양성에 영향을 끼치는 거시적 원인을 규명하는 것이다. 1981년부터 2012년 기간에 대해 불균형패널설계(unbalanced panel design)방법을 적용한 결합시계열회귀분석을 실시했다. 연구결과 독신모가구의 빈곤율은 국가 간 다양성이 현저했다. 1인당GDP는 빈곤위험감소에 기여하지 못했고, 여성고용율과 15세미만 아동비율은 빈곤위험을 증가시켰다. 전체사회복지지출, 아동에 대한 현금지출, 노조조직률, 정규직에 대한 고용보호, 비례대표선거제도, 누적좌파내각, 누적여성의석수는 독신모가구의 빈곤위험을 감소시키는 요인으로 나타났다. 한국은 경제성장 일변도와 노동시장유연화 위주의 탈빈곤전략에서 탈피해 보편적 복지제도, 아동에 대한 복지급여와 일-가정양립정책을 확대할 필요가 있다. 나아가 노조조직률향상과 고용보호확대 등 조정된 노동시장제도를 설계하고, 비례대표선거제도 등 합의제정치모델을 도입해 좌파정치세력과 여성의 정치적 대표성을 확립할 필요가 있다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.212-222
• /
• 2011

Purpose: This study was conducted to survey children's health status and need of customized visiting health care services in one province. Methods: The participants in this study were 237 caregivers of infants and preschoolers. Data were collected at the participant's home or public health center. Results: Many of the children did not receive developmental screening tests or dental examinations. In the beneficiary group, the prenatal checkup rate and children's vaccination rate were lower, and caregivers had more health problems than the other groups. On the assessment of home safety, unsafe conditions were more frequently found in the beneficiary group. The caregivers in the beneficiary group showed lower child rearing confidence than the other groups, and wanted customized visiting health care services most in the areas of developmental screening, regular health check-up and counseling, nutritional supplementation, and oral health care. Conclusion: These results indicate that it is necessary for children and parents in poverty to be provided with professional home visiting interventions for the promotion of child health and prevention of developmental problems and diseases. These findings can be used for developing future customized visiting health care service programs for infants and children in this community area.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.237-247
• /
• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 사회보장급여가 빈곤완화 효과성과 효율성에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 2019 가계금융복지조사를 활용하여 공적연금, 기초연금, 양육수당, 장애수당, 기초생활보장지원금, 근로장려금, 기타 정부보조금 등 7개 급여의 빈곤완화 효과성과 효율성을 분석하였다. 분석결과, 첫째 빈곤율 감소측면에서 사회보장급여는 전체가구의 빈곤율을 6.8%p 낮추었고, 빈곤율 감소에 가장 크게 기여하는 급여는 공적연금으로써 이는 특히 남성노인에게서 명확하다. 둘째, 빈곤강도 감소 측면에서 노인세대 남성가구에게는 공적연금이, 노인세대 여성가구주에게는 기초연금이, 근로세대 여성가구주에게는 기초보장이 가장 크게 기여하고 있었다. 마지막으로 빈곤완화 효율성 측면에서, 사회보장급여 중에서 약 33% 정도가 빈곤격차를 줄이는데 기여하는데, 여성가구주의 빈곤완화 효율성은 57.6%, 남성가구주는 24.3%로써, 사회보장급여가 여성가구주에게는 빈곤격차 완화 기능을, 남성가구주에게는 가구소득 보충 기능을 주로 하는 것이 발견되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 사회보장 급여 효과성의 다각적 검토, 빈곤완화 효과성과 효율성을 동시에 높이는 전략으로써 다양한 빈곤상태 발굴, 여성노인을 대상으로 한 기초보장 확대, 사회보장급여의 목적과 핵심 대상과의 연결 등을 제안하였다.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.120-130
• /
• 2000

Studies on the relation between socio-economic factors and metermal and child health have found that poverty, lack of edcation, inappropriate health serives are affecting to maternal and child health. The Gender Related Development Index (GDI) focuses on equality between men and women as well as on the average achiement of all people taken together, using same cariables as the Human Development Index (HDI) which are life expectancy, literacy rate, and per capita GDP. This research is to inverstigate whether HDI and GDI are useful determinants for maternal infant mortality. Using 146 UN member countries date, we condented multiple regression analysis for maternal and infant mortality with three models which are Model(individual variables-literacy rate, per capita GDP), Model(HDI) and Model(GDI). The results showed that HDI and GDI are powerful determinants of both maternal and infant mortality, respectively HDI($\beta$=-1.18, t=3.3; $\beta$=1.04, t=5.1) GDI($\beta$=-1.44, t=3.9; $\beta$=1.28, t=6.5) The higher power in model with GDI for both maternal and infant mortalities represented that GDI was more powerful determinant of maternal and infant mortality, than HDI respectively HDI($R^2$=0.824, $R^2$=0.842), GDI($R^2$=0.834, $R^2$=0.865). In conclusion, the maternal and infant mortalities are explained by GDI than HDI and may be lower in the societies where there are less discimination between men and women.

• 한국농촌간호학회지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.104-115
• /
• 2008

Purpose: A study of the family planning and Maternal-Child Health Services that disciplined itself in primary health care post form 1980 to 2009. Method: Investigation studies family planning in primary health care post and a change process of a Maternal-Child Health Services into case by case until 2009 from 1980. Results: Our country family planning business began at economic development dimensions in order to solve a poverty issue. This business goal were childbirth decrease of pregnancy possibility couple aged 19~49 and improve to mother and child health. For this goal, all kinds of health education included sex education and contraception education, contraception service, comprehensive maternal and child health service that management of front and back of childbirth etc. are provided. According to fail down a birthrate from 6.0(1962) to 1.25(2009), the nation reached to a dilemma called childbirth encouragement policy. Conclusions: Decrease of labor supply by low birthrate, decrease numerical an employed person by aging was brought a labor shortage and decrease of productivity of labor of industrial manpower. Deterioration phenomenon of financial income and expenditure by consumption and investment contraction caused decrease of slowdown of economic growth and potential growth rate, and a social cost burden is increased by deterioration financial old man support burden increase by this and pensions and health insurance, a sharp increase of social welfare cost etc. Now, in order to solve a low birth issue, the government establishes a whole nation forwarding system and establishes basic plan social low birth and advanced age, and to prepare for childbirth fault factors removal and advanced age society shall endeavor.