• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.50-54
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• 2008

Purpose: In most cases, the main cause of chest or back pain during playing golf is rib fractures. This kind of rib fractures can be easily overlooked in plain radiographs. The purpose of this article is to clarify the value of the ultrasound in detecting rib fractures. Materials and Methods: We compared the findings of chest-X rays (anteroposterior, left or right lateral, both oblique view) with those of the ultrasound in 56 patients between the ages of 20th & 60th who were diagnosed rib fractures. Their chief complaints were chest or back pain which developed during playing golf. The results were analyzed statistically. Results: Among 56 cases of rib fractures, 34 cases were diagnosed with initial X-rays. 51 cases were diagnosed with ultrasound. The sensitivity of radiograph and ultrasound were 60.71% & 91.07%, respectively. Dignosis was ultrasound with statical significance whereas radiography did not(p=0.0004). Conclusion: It was concluded that ultrasound is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of the rib fractures which were undetected with X-rays during playing golf.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.170-177
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• 2005

The pleomorphic adenoma is well recognized as the most common salivary neoplasm. We examined 49 patients who had received surgical excision of the pleomorphic adenoma from 1989 to 1998 with over 5 years follow-up period. We retrospectively evaluated the patients' age, sex, chief complaints, surgical methods, and recurrence or complication rates after analysis of one's clinical and surgical records. The results are as follows : 1. There were 15 cases in parotid gland, 23 cases in palate, 8 cases in submandibular gland, and 3 cases in cheek. The ratio of male to female was 1 : 1.13. The mean age was 44. The tumor of submandibular gland occurred in more younger age than that of other salivary gland. 2. In 15 patients of parotid pleomorphic adenoma, there was 1 case(6.7%, 1/15) of recurrence. That was transformed into the malignant pleomorphic adenoma after 4 years of first surgery. We performed superficial parotidectomy of 9 cases(56.2%, 9/16), total parotidectomy of 6 cases(37.5%, 6/16), and radical parotidectomy of 1 case(6.3%, 1/16). 3. We used the rotational Sternocleidomastoid muscular flap to cover the exposed facial nerve in 12 cases(75%) after parotidectomy(7 cases of superficial parotidectomy and 5 cases of total parotidectomy). We could see 3 cases(18.7%) of facial nerve palsy and 1 case(6.3%) of Frey's syndrome after parotidectomy. We examined Frey's syndrome in only 1 case which was not used SCM muscular flap after parotidectomy. 4. In 23 patients of palatal pleomorphic adenoma, there were 2 cases(8.7%) of recurrence. In recurrence cases, We performed re-excision after 4 and 5 years of first surgery, respectively. We preserved partial thin overlying palatal mucosa during tumor excision in 5 cases(20%), which were proved as benign mixed tumor in preoperative biopsy. That mucosa-preserved cases had thick palatal mucosa, did not show mucosa ulceration and revealed well encapsulated lesions in preoperative CT. 5. In palatal tumors, we could see the 13 cases(52%) of bony invasion in preoperative CT views and the 4 cases(16%) of oro-nasal fistula after tumor excision. In two cases of recurrence, one(20%, 1/5) was in palatal mucosa-preserved group and the other(5.5%, 1/18) was in palatal mucosa-excised group. 6. We excised tumors with submandibular glands in the all cases of submandibular pleomorphic adenoma. There was no specific complication or recurrence in these cases. 7. After excision of the cheek pleomorphic adenomas, we could not see any complication or recurrence.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.16-24
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• 1993

During 7 years, from Jan. 1986 to Dec. 1992, authors studied 208 cases of the surgically managed thyroid nodules at the Department of General Surgery, Han Kang Sacred Heart Hospital and obtained the following results. 1) Among the total 208 cases, male to female ratio was 1:11.2 in benign thyroid diseases and 1:9 in malignant thyroid diseases. The benign disease was prevalent between second and forth decade comparing with malignant disease between third and fifth decade. 2) The most common duration of illness was 3 months(26.0%). 3) Palpable neck mass was the most common chief complaint(100%). Palpitation. fatigue, and sweating were common complaints in patient with benign disease, and fatigue, palpitation, and sweating in malignant disease in decreasing order of frequency. 4) 55.8 % of lesions were in right lobe, 33.2% in left lobe, 5.8% in diffuse type, 4.8% in bilateral lobes, and 0.5% in isthmus. 5) The most common size of nodule was between 2.0cm and 3.9cm in diameter, which consisted of 55.1% of benign disease and 48.0% of malignant disease. 6) 86.5% of thyroid function test showed euthyroidism, 10.1% hyperthyroidism, and 3.4% hypothyroidism. 7) Thyroid scanning of 176 patients revealed cold nodules in 92.5% of benign diseases and in 92.9% of malignant diseases. 8) The most common benign disease was adenomatous hyperplasia(62.7%), and the most common malignant disease was papillary adenocarcinoma(80.0%). 9) Fine needle aspiration cytology was performed in 91 cases, and it showed 69.0% of sensitivity, 90.3% of specificity, and 83.5% of accuracy. 10) Frozen biopsy was performed in 109 cases. and it showed 93.9% of sensitivity, 100.0% of specificity, and 98.2% of accuracy. 11) The most commonly performed operation was unilateral lobectomy(including unilateral lobectomy with isthmectomy)(79.1%) in benign disease. and total thyroidectomy(62.0%) in malignant disease. 12) Postoperative complication showed 5 cases of wound infection (2.4%), 3 cases of transient hypoparathyroidism(1.4%), 3 cases of transient hoarseness(1.4%), 2 cases of postoperative bleeding(1.0%), 1 case of permanent hypoparathyroidism(0.5%), 1 case of permanent hoarseness(0.5%), and 1 case of postoperative pneumonia (0.5%).

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.129-135
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• 2007

Purpose : Kikuchi disease is a subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis characterized by fever, cervical lymphadenopathy and benign self-limiting course in young women especially, but rare in children. Their etiopathology is still unknown, but involved viruses and autoimmune mechanism were proposed. We investigated the clinical and laboratory characteristics of Kikuchi disease in children. Methods : Five patients were diagnosed of Kikuchi disease from January 2001 to June 2006 in Kyunghee University Hospital. We reviewed their medical records retrospectively and analyzed clinical and laboratory findings. Results : The mean age of 5 patients (male to female ratio; 2:3) was 9 yr 9 mon(range: 8 yr 2 mon-12 yr 6 mon). The chief complaints were sustained fever and cervical lymph node that was unilateral, tender and swollen. All patients were treated with antibiotics before diagnosis was made, and rash developed in 2 patients. One patient showed necrotic change in ultrasound with which we suspected Kikuchi disease. Three patients were examined by CT scan additionally. The interval between admission and cervical lymph node excisional biopsy ranged from 6 days to 15 days, and mean period was 9.6 days. All pathological findings were compatible to necrotizing lymphandenitis. Conclusion : Unnecessary laboratory and imaging studies, and treatment with antibiotics tend to be done before making diagnosis, and that caused prolonged hospitalization. Therefore we studied the clinical and laboratory characteristics of Kikuchi disease in children.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.414-421
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• 2004

This is a reprospective study on the care of odontogenic infections in admission patients with geriatric diseases. The study was based on a series of 480 patients at Dong San Medical Center, Wonju Christian Hospital and Il San Health Insurance Hospital, From Jan. 1, 2000, to Dec. 31, 2002. The Obtained results were as follows: 1. The systemic malignant tumor was the most frequent cause of the geriatric diseases with odontogenic infectious diseases, and refractory lung disease, systemic heart disease, type II diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, bone & joint disease, senile psychologic disease were next in order of frequency. 2. Male prediction(57.5%) was existed in the odontogenic infectious patients with geriatric diseases. But, there were female prediction in senile psychologic disease, systemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. 3. The most common age group of the odontogenic infectious patient with geriatric disease was the sixty decade(47.9%), followed by the seventy & eighty decade in order. 4. In the contents of chief complaints on the odontogenic infectious patients with geriatric disease, peak incidence was occurred as toothache(52.7%), followed by extraction wish, tooth mobility, oral bleeding, oral ulcer, fracture of restoration, gingival swelling in order. 5. In the diagnosis group of odontogenic infectious diseases, periodontitis, pulpitis & periapical abscess were more common. 6. In the treatment group of odontogenic infectious diseases, the most frequent incidence(34.2%) was showed in primary endodontic treatment (pulp extirpation, occlusal reduction and canal opening drainage) and followed by scaling, incision & drainage, only drugs, pulp capping, restoration in order.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.3-17
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• 1995

The so-called borderline children are characterised by disturbances in the sense of reality and interpersonal relationships, lack of control, fluctuation of functioning, uneven development and excessive anxiety. But the concept of borderline disorder of childhood is very difficult to define and diagnose in current classification system. The present study adapted the consensus symptoms in borderline children by Bemporad and Vera eight cases aged 7-11 were examined in 37 variables. Results are as follows 1) All subjects are boys and girl hardly be diagnosis n current diagnostic system and have many concurrent diagnoses. Common chief complaints in the sense of reality. 2) In KEDI-WISC test, the borderline children showed average intelligence, but performance IQ tends to be higher than verbal IQ. In Rorscharch test, they showed high thought disorder index, emotional instabilities and aggressive impulses. The results of TOVA suggested attentional deficit in half of the subjects. The organicity is not prominent. 3) Many of the borderline children were unwanted baby. Although primary care takers of all the subjects were their mothers there were moderate problems in caring attitude of their children and marital relationship with their husband. Sccioeconomic status was generally below middle class. Most of all subjects have delayed language development, but have overcome subsequently. Many subjects were rejected by peers because of their aggression. 4) The first visit of the subjects was about 6 years of age. Average duration of treatment was 2 years. All of them were treated in the outpatient basis except one. The effect of pharmacotherapy was doubtful and the necessity of long term play therapy was suggested. Although there were many limitations of method in present study, it was suggested that further research is needed for diagnostic criteria, epidemiology and treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.190-202
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• 1996

This study assessed psychiatrically referred 5-to 13-year-old children who presented inattention or hyperactivity as chief complaints. Demographic characteristics, primary diagnosis, and comorbid psychiatric conditions of them were identified, and they were assessed using questionnaires and neuropsychological tests. Primary diagnoses included ADHD, anxiety disorder, mental retardation, depression, oppositional defiant disorder, developmental language disorder and others. functional enuresis, conduct disorder, and developmental language disorder were among the secondarily diagnosed disorders. In patients diagnosed as ADHD, overall comorbidity rate was 55.3%. The disorders that frequently co-occured with ADHD were specific developmental disorder, conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, anxiety disorder and other. ADHD groups with or without comorbidity differed in performance IQ and CPT scores. ADHD group differed from externalizing disorders group in the information subscore of IQ, MFFT, and CPT scores, and differed in teachers rating scales, the uncommunication factor of CBCL, and CPT card error compared with internalizing disorders group. The authors concluded that inattentive or hyperactive children should be assessed using various instruments to differentiate other disorders and to identify possible presence of comorbid conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Oriental Medical Informatics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 2015

This study is aimed to verify what effects horseback riding has in treating hospitalized patients with low back pain in the Korean medicine hospital. The method of this study is choosing 31 people among hospitalized male and female patients whose chief complaints were low back pain in 2 Korean medicine hospital in Gyeonggi Province. 14 people who agreed to take horseback riding treatment were classified into experimental group and 17, the rest of the people, were classified into control group. Both experimental group and control group were treated with Korean medicine. In addition, only experimental group performed horseback riding program. Changes of temperature difference by digital infrared thermal imaging(DITI), sit and reach test and visual analogue scale(VAS) survey were used as measuring tools. IBM SPSS Statistics 21 was used in processing statistics. Mean ${\pm}$standard deviation was indicated down to two places of decimals and the level of significance was judged as p<0.05. The summary of this study's result is as in the following. First of all, the meaningful difference was shown in the experimental group but not in the control group in the difference of temperature between Yintang and Kwanwon(the difference between up and down). Secondly, there were significant difference in the experimental group which performed horseback riding treatments but not in the control group resulting from examining the change of temperature difference between left and right Yongchon. Thirdly, there were significant difference between experimental and control group in the change of sit and reach. Especially, the change was much more in experimental group. As known from the results above, patients who only were treated with Korean medicine relieved low back pain, reordered pelvis and improved the motor ability. However, the group which carried out horseback riding at the same time reordered pelvis and improved the motor ability more obviously.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the change in incidence and clinical characteristics of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) through a single center's experience. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 53 children who were diagnosed with glomerular nephritis at National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital between March 2000 and December 2009. Twenty-six of 53 patients falled to meet the dragnostic criteria of APSGN and were excluded. Chief complaints, physical examinations, urinalysis, urine culture, laboratory results, chest x-ray, and clinical manifestations were all retrieved from the remaining 27 patients. Results: The incidence of APSGN by age was highest in children between six to seven years of age, with similar distributions in both genders, and seasonal incidence was higher from November to February when compared to other months, which was similar to the previously reported studies. However, the annual number of APSGN patients did not show a significant decrease from 2000 to 2009. The incidences of edema and hypertension were 59.3% and 48.1% respectively, suggesting lower incidences than those from previous studies. Six patients (22.2%) experienced hematuria for more than 6 months. Hypertensive encephalopathy, one of APSGN critical complications occurred in one patient but resolved with conservative treatment. Conclusion: Our study shows that APSGN still occur as a common renal disease but the disease severity seems to decrease with milder clinical manifestations and less complications compared to past studies.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.258-270
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• 1992

Benign lung tumors have been considered as relatively rare disease, which comprise approximately 8 to 15% of all solitary pulmonary lesions that are detected radiographically. We clinically analized 30 cases of benign lung tumors underwent the operation from Jan. 1970 to Aug.1991 in the department of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, Catholic University Medical College. We adopted the classification presented by the World Health Organization[WHO], modified from Liebow, and added benign mesothelioma. There were 11 males & 19 females ranging in age from 2 years to 68 years old % the mean age was 38 years old. Of all 30 benign lung tumors, hamartomas [14 cases, 49%] were the most common & followed by hemangiomas [9 cases, 30%], 3 cases of benign mesotheliomas % a case of teratoma, papilloma, arteriovenous malformation and inflammatory pseudotumor. 14 cases of tumors were asymptomatic & were incidentally detected by plane chest x-ray In other cases, chief complaints at admission were coughing, chest discomfort, dyspnea, hemoptysis, and fever. Diagnosis were made by pathological examination; exploratory thoracotomy in 23 patients[76.7%], bronchoscopy in 4 patients and percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy in 3 patients. Precisely, preoperative diagnosis for confirmation of benign lung tumor was made only in 7 cases[23.6%]. Tumors were located on Rt.side[24 cases], especially Rt. middle lobe, and Lt.side[6 cases]. Operation methods were as follows: 21 cases [70%] of lobectomy, 2 cases of segmentectomy, 2 cases of wedge resection, 1 case of pneumonectomy, 1 case of bronchotomy, 2 cases of wedge resection, 1 case of pneumonectomy, 1 case of bronchotomy removal of the endobronchial hamartoma which located at the rt. main stem bronchus and 3 cases of complete resection in benign mesotheliomas. There were no operative death. The post operative complications were developed in 3 cases; post pneumonectomy empyema, wound infection and atelectasis. In conclusion, benign lung tumors must be histologically diagnosed to confirm of benignity and to provide limited resection for preservation of the lung tissue, whenever possible.