• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.762-779
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• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Mediterranean diet is an environmentally friendly and healthy diet model. The diet offers many vegetables, fruits, nuts, and olive oil to consumers. In addition, it provides moderate amounts of fish and chicken, smaller quantities of dairy products, red meat, and processed meat. The Mediterranean diet has a high anti-inflammatory and antioxidant content, and it causes many physiological changes that can provide a physical performance advantage. This study examined the effects of a 15-day menu, which was planned using foods with a low acid load within the Mediterranean diet rules, on the exercise performance, lactate elimination, anthropometric measurements, and body composition. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Fifteen professional male athletes between the ages of 13 and 18, who were engaged in ski running, were included in the experimental study. Dietary intervention was applied for 15 days. The athlete performances were evaluated by applying the vertical jump test, hand grip strength, 20 meters shuttle run test, and Borg fatigue scale. After the shuttle run test (every 3 min for 30 min), blood was drawn from the finger, and the lactate elimination time was calculated. Performance and lactate measurements, body analysis, and anthropometric measurements were taken before and after dietary intervention. RESULTS: The vertical jump height and hand grip strength increased after the intervention (P < 0.05). The test duration, total distance, the number of shuttles, and maximum oxygen consumption parameters of the shuttle run test increased (P < 0.05). After the intervention, the athletes' perceived fatigue scores decreased in several stages of the shuttle run test (P < 0.05). The lactate elimination time and athlete's body composition were similar in repeated measurements (P > 0.05). In the last measurements, the upper middle arm circumference decreased while the height of the athletes increased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the Mediterranean diet is a safe and feasible dietary approach for aerobic performance and strength increase.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2024

Food is essential for sustenance and reflects a country's identity, making it crucial to identify the cultural needs for effectively localizing Korean food. This study surveyed 825 adults from four continents (eight countries) to examine their preferences, familiarity, and attitudes toward Korean food. Significant correlations(p< .001) were found between the familiarity and preference for Korean food, with variations observed across continents. Among the representative Korean food items, the average preference score was 4.67, and the purchase/recommendation intention score was 4.88. Seven items received above-average ratings (e.g., gogi-deopbap and kimchi-bokkeumbap), while some items showed high liking but low purchase/recommendation intention (e.g. dak-jjim and galbi-jjim). In addition, items such as gimbap and tteokbokki had high purchase/recommendation intention but low liking, and kimchi and vegetable foods etc. received low liking and purchase/recommendation intentions. In terms of the preferred meat according to the cooking method and seasoning, beef respondents preferred grilled·stir-fried and soup·stew·hot pot cooking methods, while pork or chicken respondents preferred grilled·stir-fried and frying methods. Soy sauce was the most preferred seasoning for all meat responses, followed by red pepper paste. These research findings provide fundamental data for developing Korean food products, segmented by continent.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.623-632
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• 2015

This study investigated sensory characteristics and cross-cultural consumer acceptability of sweet crispy chicken (Dakgangjeong) prepared with six types of Korean-style sauces among Korean and Chinese consumers. The main ingredient(s) of each sauce was soy sauce (SOY), Japanese apricot extract and soy sauce (JASOY), gochujang (SPICY), minced garlic (GARL), and ketchup (KET-I and KET-II); KET-I and KET-II were modified to possess ethnic Korean flavors. In general, Korean and Chinese consumers preferred all types of Dakgangjeong, except for GARL and SPICY, respectively. Least preferred products of each country had the lowest familiarity rating among consumers of the respective countries. Similar to previous studies, these results showed that familiarity is an important factor affecting consumer preference in a cross-cultural context. Particularly, it was found that higher familiarity of the product was not found to influence consumer to like a product, but rather low familiarity seemed to affect consumers to reject a product.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.685-698
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• 2010

Acrolein is a highly toxic, reactive mutagenic aldehyde. Humans are exposed to acrolein vapors from overheated cooking oil, cigarette smoke, and combustion of organic products. In this study, we investigated elementary and middle school students' consumption of foods cooked at high heat, such as fried, direct fire, and indirect fire cooked foods. The subjects of this survey study were 265 fifth grade students and 396 middle school students nationwide. According to the results of the frequency test, broiled fish was the most frequently consumed, followed by fried fish, indirect cooked samgyebsal, and other fried foods, which were eaten more than three times per month. The total intake of foods cooked at high heat per child over 1 year was in the following order: Fried chicken(7.50 kg) > Samgeybsal(6.57 kg) > Broiled pork ribs(4.18 kg) > Broiled fish(4.12 kg) > Bulgogi(3.31 kg) > Fried dish(3.18 kg) > Pork cuttlet(3.17 kg) > Jeyukbockeum(3.13 kg) > Charcoal-broiled beef ribs(2.74 kg) > Roasted whole chicken(2.05 kg) > Dackochi(1.87 kg) > Tangsuyuk(1.87 kg) > Fried fish(1.83 kg) > Hamburger patties(1.21 kg) > Fried potato(1.01 kg) > Barbecue(0.95 kg) > Doughnut(0.80 kg) > Corn dog(0.66 kg) > Croquette(0.51 kg). The favorite cooking method was indirect fire cooking for beef, pork, and fish, whereas frying was preferred for chicken. The results of this study provide important data for assessment of acrolein exposure via foods cooked at high heat temperature. The results also indicate that children might be exposed to acrolein through consumption of foods cooked at high heat temperature, suggesting the need to promote education of proper food consumption behavior.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.263-268
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• 2012

Novobiocin is a coumarin-containing antibiotic, and has a longer half-life in various animals than other veterinary medicines. A simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography assay for the determination of residual novobiocin levels in chicken, beef and milk has been developed and validated. The separation condition for HPLC/UVD was optimized by a MG II $C_{18}$ (4.6 mm $ID{\times}250$ mm, 5 ${\mu}m$) column with 0.1% formic acid in $H_2O$/0.1% formic acid in Acetonitrile (40/60, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and the detection wavelength was set at 340 nm. Residues were extracted from tissue by blending with methanol. After liquid-liquid partitioning, lipid materials were removed with n-hexane and purification as Silica (1 g, 6 mL) cartridge with 10 mL acetone/dichloromethane (10/90, v/v). Limit of quantification and linearity performed by the analytical method were 0.02 mg/kg and 0.999 ($r^2$), and the recovery range was $88.8{\pm}5.6-100.3{\pm}4.4$, $88.8{\pm}7.2-97.0{\pm}3.2$ and $88.1{\pm}4.3-92.8{\pm}3.6%$. It is expected that this analytical method with regards to novobiocin in chicken, beef and milk could be applied as an official method to administer food safety on veterinary medicines.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.126-132
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine the difference of Chinese consumer preference between chicken burgers cooked by Sous-vide adding Korean-styled seasoning and chicken burgers from local fast food restaurants. For Chinese women in their 20s who reside in Beijing, China, the most important attribute for eating-out was taste (M=6.5), health (M=6.0) and pleasure (M=5.6) in order and 68.60% of them replied that they were interested in Korean cuisine. More than 90% answered they like Korean food for its good taste, shape and color. As for burger preference, BB was significantly higher in terms of the overall and appearance preference. However, there was no significant difference between AB and SB. As for flavor and texture, it showed no significant differences among BB, AB, and SB products. For SB, total balance, soft texture of patty and balance of flavor characteristics were the reasons for their preference of the burger.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.123-130
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• 2014

A simultaneous determination was developed for 9 aminoglycoside antibiotics (amikacin, apramycin, dihydrostreptomycin, gentamicin, hygromycin B, kanamycin, neomycin, spectinomycin, and streptomycin) in meat by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Each parameter was established by multiple reaction monitoring in positive ion mode. The developed method was validated for specificity, linearity, accuracy, and precision based on CODEX validation guideline. Linearity was over 0.98 with calibration curves of the mixed standards. Recovery of 9 aminoglycosides ranged on 60.5~114% for beef, 60.1~112% for pork and 63.8~131% for chicken. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.001~0.009 mg/kg and 0.006~0.03 mg/kg, respectively in livestock products including beef, pork and chicken. This study also performed survey of residual aminoglycoside antibiotics for 193 samples of beef, pork and chicken collected from 9 cities in Korea. Aminoglycosides were not found in any of the samples.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.19-30
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• 2019

Objective of this study was to develop an organic fertilizer utilizing domestic livestock horn meal and to investigate the application effect of rice and eggplant. The possibility of utilization of livestock horn meal as an organic resource to replace imported expeller cake fertilizer was examined. In order to select domestic organic resources with high nitrogen content, 8 kinds of organic matter such as chicken manure, fish meal, soybean meal, sesame meal, perilla meal, blood meal, livestock horn meal, and beer sludge were analyzed and organic resources with high nitrogen content were selected. In addition, the conditions for the production of organic fertilizers that can be used in organic agriculture were established by mixing of the rice husk biochar and the rice bran as the supplements with the raw materials for mixing ratios. The content of total nitrogen (T-N) in the livestock horn meal was 12.0 %, which was the next low in 13.5 % blood meal. The content of total nitrogen was 5.9 ~ 7.9 % in fish meal and oil cakes. Total nitrogen content of non-antibiotic chicken manure for organic farming was 3 % and nitrogen content in beer sludge was 3.5 %. Organic fertilizer was produced by using biochar, rice bran as a main ingredient of non-antibiotic chicken manure, livestock horn meal and beer sludge. Compared to nitrogen content (4.0 to 4.2 %) of imported expeller cake fertilizer (ECF), the nitrogen content of organic fertilizer utilizing domestic livestock horn meal is as high as 7.5 %. The developed organic fertilizer is met as Zn 400 mg/kg, Cu 120 mg/kg the quality of organic agricultural materials such as or less. To investigate the effect of fertilizer application on the crops, prototypes of developed organic fertilizer were used for the experiment under selected conditions. As a result of application the developed organic livestock horn meal fertilizer (LHMF) for cultivation of the rice and eggplant, the application quantity of the developed organic LHMF 100 % was decreased by 40 % compared to that of the mixed expeller cake fertilizer (MECF). The application of LHMF, which refers to the application rate corresponding to the nitrogen fertilization recommended by the soil test, was reduced by 40% compared to the application rate of MECF, but the same results were obtained in crop growth and yield. The selection of a new high concentration nitrogen source utilizing domestic organic resources and the development of organic fertilizer is the starting point of the research for substitution of imported ECF using domestic local resources at the present time that the spread of eco-friendly agriculture is becoming increasingly important. If it is expanded in the future, it is expected to contribute to the stable production of eco-friendly agricultural products.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.485-493
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• 2003

To assess trans fatty acids (tFAs) intake of middle school students in Busan, behavior of having meals and 3 day's food record were surveyed in 800 subjects. 35.3% of subjects responded to twice a day in frequency of snack intake. Preferred snack items were ice cream (68.6%) and milk (57.0%). Subjects of dining out preferred jajangmyon (54.6%), seasoned chicken (50.5%), fried chicken (35-3%) in order when dined out. Mean daily tFAs intake of subjects was 1.68$\pm$0.04 g. Mean daily intake level of girls was 1.89$\pm$0.06 g which was significantly higher than that of boys, 1.40 $\pm$ 0.05 g (p<0.001). Naturally derived tFAs intake was 1.04$\pm$0.03 g which corresponded to 62.1% of total tFAs intake per day and industrially derived tFAs intake was 0.64 $\pm$ 0.02 g, 37.9% of total tFAs intake per day. Calorie percentage of tFAs was 0.8% and fat percentage of tFAs was 3.16%. The level of tFAs intake showed a significant difference with monthly allowance (p<0.05) and frequency of snack intake (p<0.001) in girls, which was not the case in boys. The main sources of tFAs were milk and dairy products (34.3%), bakeries (18.3%), and fish and meat products (16.2%), in order. From above results, we can conclude that tFAs intake of middle school student is not as much as that of Western teenagers. However, exact estimation of tFAs intake requires database of tFAs in broad range of processed foods commonly consumed in Korea.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.906-914
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• 2009

The Korean Society of Animal Science (KSAS) was officially born on October 8, 1956 under the leadership of Professor Sang W. Yun of Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea a few years after the end of the Korean War. At that time, there were 0.9 million Korean native cattle, 1.3 million pigs and 8.9 million chickens in Korea. Per capita income for Korea (US$ 66) or China (US$ 59) was about 10% of Asian's average income (US$ 513) in 1956. Korea produced less than 0.2 million M/T of formula feed and consumed 6.1 kg/person/year of animal products. One could say that Korea was an example of an under-developed country in the world. Although the first issue of the Proceedings of the KSAS was published on October 28, 1958, regular quarterly journals of the KSAS were not published until March 1, 1969. Major activities other than publishing its journal were: holding an annual meeting and/or scientific forum at national or international level. The Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (AAAP) was founded on September 1, 1980 at Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia with founding members from Australia, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, NZ, Philippines and Thailand. Thirteen AAAP Animal Science Congresses have been held in its 28 year history. Hosting countries were Malaysia (1980), Philippines (1982), Korea (1985), NZ (1987), Taiwan (1990), Thailand (1992), Indonesia (1994), Japan (1996), Australia (2000), India (2002), Malaysia (2004), Korea (2006) and Vietnam(2008). In 1988, significant progress of the AAAP was made by creating an official English journal of the AAAP entitled "Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences (AJAS)" under the initiative of the KSAS. This journal is now published monthly and distributed to more than 50 countries in the AAAP region and the world. It should be mentioned that the KSAS was able to successfully host the $3^{rd}$ AAAP Animal Science Congress in 1985 and the 12th in 2006, as well as the $8^{th}$ WCAP in 1998. During the last 50 years of KSAS history, per capita income of Korea increased to US$ 17,690 (268 fold), formula feed production increased to 15 million M/T (97 fold) and consumption of animal products increased to 105 kg/person/year (17 fold). Cattle, pig and chicken numbers also increased to 2.5 million (2.8 fold), 9 million (7.4 fold) and 119 million (13 fold). This trend was also found for China and Asia, even if the rate of growth was slightly lower than that of Korea. It is expected that a similar rate of growth in economics, animal numbers, formula feed production and animal protein intake will likely be achieved by other Asian countries in the $21^{st}$ century with somewhat lower rate of development than that of Korea.