• 제목/요약/키워드: chicken breeding

검색결과 127건 처리시간 0.02초

Assessment of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of Korean native chicken breeds using microsatellite markers

  • Seo, Joo Hee;Lee, Jun Heon;Kong, Hong Sik
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제30권10호
    • /
    • pp.1365-1371
    • /
    • 2017
  • Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the basic information on genetic structure and characteristics of Korean Native chickens (NC) and foreign breeds through the analysis of the pure chicken populations and commercial chicken lines of the Hanhyup Company which are popular in the NC market, using the 20 microsatellite markers. Methods: In this study, the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of 445 NC from five different breeds (NC, Leghorn [LH], Cornish [CS], Rhode Island Red [RIR], and Hanhyup [HH] commercial line) were investigated by performing genotyping using 20 microsatellite markers. Results: The highest genetic distance was observed between RIR and LH (18.9%), whereas the lowest genetic distance was observed between HH and NC (2.7%). In the principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) illustrated by the first component, LH was clearly separated from the other groups. The correspondence analysis showed close relationship among individuals belonging to the NC, CS, and HH lines. From the STRUCTURE program, the presence of 5 clusters was detected and it was found that the proportion of membership in the different clusters was almost comparable among the breeds with the exception of one breed (HH), although it was highest in LH (0.987) and lowest in CS (0.578). For the cluster 1 it was high in HH (0.582) and in CS (0.368), while for the cluster 4 it was relatively higher in HH (0.392) than other breeds. Conclusion: Our study showed useful genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship data that can be utilized for NC breeding and development by the commercial chicken industry to meet consumer demands.

Epistatic Effects of Six Candidate Genes on Fatty Acid Composition in Korean Native Chicken

  • Jin, Shil;Lee, Seung Hwan;Lee, Doo Ho;Lee, Jun Heon
    • 한국가금학회지
    • /
    • 제48권2호
    • /
    • pp.51-58
    • /
    • 2021
  • 지방산 조성은 고기의 풍미에 영향력 있는 중요한 경제 형질 중 하나이며, 다양한 유전자들의 효과가 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 한국 재래닭의 지방산 조성에 유의적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사된 6개의 후보 유전자들(DEGS1, ELOVL6, FABP3, FABP4, FASN, SCD)의 51개 SNP 조합에 대한 추가적인 분석결과로, 선행연구를 통하여 확인된 SNP 조합들이 가지는 상위성 효과에 대하여 조사하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 매우 다양한 유형의 SNP 조합들이 한국 재래닭의 지방산 조성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었으며, 추후에 지방산 조성과 같은 다유전자성 형질들을 실제 육종 프로그램에 활용하기 위해서는 이러한 분석이 이루어져야 될 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구 결과는 한국 재래닭의 육질, 특히 지방산 조성의 개선을 위한 유전학적인 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

한국 토종닭의 전장 유전체 복제수변이(CNV) 발굴 (Genome-wide Copy Number Variation in a Korean Native Chicken Breed)

  • 조은석;정원형;최정우;장현준;박미나;김남신;김태헌;이경태
    • 한국가금학회지
    • /
    • 제41권4호
    • /
    • pp.305-311
    • /
    • 2014
  • 복제수변이(Copy number variation, CNV)는 DNA 다양한 구조적 변화의 한 형태이다. 복제수변이는 인간의 질병 및 농업의 생산성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이전 우리나라의 닭의 품종은 유럽에서 유입되어진 품종을 기반으로 구축되어져 있었다. 따라서 농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원에서는 20년 동안 재래품종을 복원하려고 노력하였고, 5품종 12계통으로 복원하였다. 최근 염기서열분석 기술의 발달로, 해상도가 좋은 게놈 전체의 복제수변이를 발굴할 수 있게 되었다. 그러나 한국 재래닭 품종에 대해서는 체계적인 연구가 이루어지지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 한국 재래 닭(계통 L)에 대해서 게놈 전체의 염기서열을 분석하고 닭의 참고서열과 비교하여 재래닭에서 확인된 복제수 변이를 보고하였다. 닭의 28개 염색체에서 총 501개의 복제수 변이를 확인하였고, 이를 Gain과 Loss로 나누어서 표시하였다. 또한 우리는 501개의 복제수 변이를 포함하고 있는 유전자의 기능을 분류하였다. 그 결과, 전사 및 유전자 조절에 관련된 유전자들이 많이 분류되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 복제수 변이와 한국 재래닭의 경제형질 간의 연관성을 설명할 수 있는 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 사료된다.

가금의 유전물질전달체로서의 원시생식세포의 이용 (Utilization of Primordial Germ Cell(PGC) as Transferor of Avian Genetic Materials)

  • 여정수
    • 한국가축번식학회지
    • /
    • 제12권1호
    • /
    • pp.11-14
    • /
    • 1988
  • Utilizatin of primordial germ cell(PGC) as transferor of genetic materials is great potential in manipulating genes to promote genetic performances in chicken. This study explored that PGCs from early embryos as vehicle for molecular breeding strategles were isolated, these chromosomally marked donor PGCs were transplanted to germinal crescent of host embryos, and genetic materials of donor PGC were identified at the proliferative stage in host gonads.

  • PDF

Investigation of PCR-RFLPs within Major Histocompatibility Complex B-G Genes Using Two Restriction Enzymes in Eight Breeds of Chinese Indigenous Chickens

  • Xu, R.F.;Li, K.;Chen, G.H.;Qiang, B.Y.Z.;Mo, D.L.;Fan, B.;Li, C.C.;Yu, M.;Zhu, M.J.;Xiong, T.A.;Liu, Bang
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제18권7호
    • /
    • pp.942-948
    • /
    • 2005
  • New polymorphism of major histocompatibility complex B-G genes was investigated by amplification and digestion of a 401bp fragment including intron 1 and exon 2 using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique with two restriction enzymes of Msp I and Tas I in eight breeds of Chinese indigenous chickens and one exotic breed. In the fragment region of the gene, three novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected at the two restriction sites. We found the transition of two nucleotides of A294G and T295C occurred at Tas I restriction site, and consequently led to a non-synonymous substitution of asparagine into serine at position 54 within the deduced amino acid sequence of immunoglobulin variable-region-like domain encoded by the exon 2 of B-G gene. It was observed at rare frequency that a single mutation of A294G occurring at the site, also caused an identical substitution of amino acid, asparagine 54-to-serine, to that we described previously. And the transversion of G319C at Msp I site led to a non-synonymous substitution, glutamine 62-to-histidine. The new alleles and allele frequencies identified by the PCR-RFLP method with the two enzymes were characterized, of which the allele A and B frequencies at Msp I and Tas I loci were given disequilibrium distribution either in the eight Chinese local breeds or in the exotic breed. By comparison, allele A at Msp I locus tended to be dominant, while, the allele B at Tas I locus tended to be dominant in all of the breeds analyzed. In Tibetan chickens, the preliminary association analysis revealed that no significant difference was observed between the different genotypes identified at the Msp I and Tas I loci and the laying performance traits, respectively.

Integrated transcriptomic analysis on small yellow follicles reveals that sosondowah ankyrin repeat domain family member A inhibits chicken follicle selection

  • Zhong, Conghao;Liu, Zemin;Qiao, Xibo;Kang, Li;Sun, Yi;Jiang, Yunliang
    • Animal Bioscience
    • /
    • 제34권8호
    • /
    • pp.1290-1302
    • /
    • 2021
  • Objective: Follicle selection is an important process in chicken egg laying. Among several small yellow (SY) follicles, the one exhibiting the highest expression of follicle stimulation hormone receptor (FSHR) will be selected to become a hierarchal follicle. The role of lncRNA, miRNA and other non-coding RNA in chicken follicle selection is unclear. Methods: In this study, the whole transcriptome sequencing of SY follicles with different expression levels of FSHR in Jining Bairi hens was performed, and the expression of 30 randomly selected mRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs was validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Preliminary studies and bioinformatics analysis were performed on the selected mRNA, lncRNA, miRNA and their target genes. The effect of identified gene was examined in the granulosa cells of chicken follicles. Results: Integrated transcriptomic analysis on chicken SY follicles differing in FSHR expression revealed 467 differentially expressed mRNA genes, 134 differentially expressed lncRNA genes and 34 differentially expressed miRNA genes, and sosondowah ankyrin repeat domain family member A (SOWAHA) was the common target gene of three miRNAs and one lncRNA. SOWAHA was mainly expressed in small white (SW) and SY follicles and was affected by follicle stimulation hormone (FSH) treatment in the granulosa cells. Knockdown of SOWAHA inhibited the expression of Wnt family member 4 (Wnt4) and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) in the granulosa cells of prehierarchal follicles, while stimulated Wnt4 in hierarchal follicles. Overexpression of SOWAHA increased the expression of Wnt4 in the granulosa cells of prehierarchal follicles, decreased that of StAR and cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1 in the granulosa cells of hierarchal follicles and inhibited the proliferation of granulosa cells. Conclusion: Integrated analysis of chicken SY follicle transcriptomes identified SOWAHA as a network gene that is affected by FSH in granulosa cells of ovarian follicles. SOWAHA affected the expression of genes involved in chicken follicle selection and inhibited the proliferation of granulosa cells, suggesting an inhibitory role in chicken follicle selection.

Genome-wide identification, organization, and expression profiles of the chicken fibroblast growth factor genes in public databases and Vietnamese indigenous Ri chickens against highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus infection

  • Anh Duc Truong;Ha Thi Thanh Tran;Nhu Thi Chu;Huyen Thi Nguyen;Thi Hao Vu;Yeojin Hong;Ki-Duk Song;Hoang Vu Dang;Yeong Ho Hong
    • Animal Bioscience
    • /
    • 제36권4호
    • /
    • pp.570-583
    • /
    • 2023
  • Objective: Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) play critical roles in embryo development, and immune responses to infectious diseases. In this study, to investigate the roles of FGFs, we performed genome-wide identification, expression, and functional analyses of FGF family members in chickens. Methods: Chicken FGFs genes were identified and analyzed by using bioinformatics approach. Expression profiles and Hierarchical cluster analysis of the FGFs genes in different chicken tissues were obtained from the genome-wide RNA-seq. Results: A total of 20 FGF genes were identified in the chicken genome, which were classified into seven distinct groups (A-F) in the phylogenetic tree. Gene structure analysis revealed that members of the same clade had the same or similar exon-intron structure. Chromosome mapping suggested that FGF genes were widely dispersed across the chicken genome and were located on chromosomes 1, 4-6, 9-10, 13, 15, 28, and Z. In addition, the interactions among FGF proteins and between FGFs and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) proteins are limited, indicating that the remaining functions of FGF proteins should be further investigated in chickens. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway analysis showed that FGF gene interacts with MAPK genes and are involved in stimulating signaling pathway and regulating immune responses. Furthermore, this study identified 15 differentially expressed genes (DEG) in 21 different growth stages during early chicken embryo development. RNA-sequencing data identified the DEG of FGFs on 1- and 3-days post infection in two indigenous Ri chicken lines infected with the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 (HPAIV). Finally, all the genes examined through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and RNA-Seq analyses showed similar responses to HPAIV infection in indigenous Ri chicken lines (R2 = 0.92-0.95, p<0.01). Conclusion: This study provides significant insights into the potential functions of FGFs in chickens, including the regulation of MAPK signaling pathways and the immune response of chickens to HPAIV infections.

삼계용 토종닭과 백세미 가슴살의 미량영양소 및 풍미물질 비교 (Comparison of Micronutrients and Flavor Compounds in Breast Meat of Native Chicken Strains and Baeksemi for Samgyetang)

  • 이성윤;박지영;남기창
    • 한국가금학회지
    • /
    • 제46권4호
    • /
    • pp.255-262
    • /
    • 2019
  • 토종닭 신품종 육종사업에서 개발중인 5주령 후보라인 3계통(A, C, D)의 미량 영양성분 및 풍미성분 함량을 분석하여 상용토종닭 1계통(H)과 삼계용으로 널리 유통되고 있는 백세미(W)와 비교하였다. 계통별 100수씩(총 500수)의 수컷 병아리를 동일조건에서 사육한 뒤 도계하여 계통별 40수의 가슴살을 분석에 이용하였다. 분석된 닭가슴살의 비타민 중 토코페롤(tocopherols), 비타민 A, 콜레스테롤은 전반적으로 토종닭 계통들과 백세미간의 차이보다는, 토종닭 계통내에서 다양한 수준을 보였다. 다만 토종닭 A계통은 백세미와 비교하여 유의적으로 높은 수치의 α-tocopherol 및 α-tocotirenol 함량을 보였으며, 토종닭 계통은 백세미보다 유의적으로 높은 함량의 vitamin B12를 지닌 것으로 나타났다. 상용토종닭 H계통은 신품종에 비해 유의적으로 높은 콜레스테롤 함량을 보였으며 신품종 중에서 D는 가장 낮은 수준을 나타냈다. 닭가슴살에 함유된 미네랄의 경우 삼계용 토종닭 계통들과 백세미간의 뚜렷한 차이는 없었으나, 구리 함량은 백세미 보다 토종닭 계통에서 유의적으로 높은 수치를 보였다. 핵산관련 풍미물질의 경우 토종닭 후보라인 A 계통은 낮은 수치의 hypoxanthine 함량을 지니고, 후보라인 D은 상대적으로 높은 함량의 IMP를 보여 시중 토종닭과 비교하여 핵산관련 풍미물질에서 장점을 지닌 것으로 나타났다. 기능성 물질인 taurine 함량에서는 토종닭 후보라인 A계통이 대조구와 다른 후보라인에 비해 유의적으로 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 토종닭은 백세미에 비해 umami 관련 유리아미노산인 glutamic acid와 aspartic acid 함량이 높았으며, 특히 후보라인 A에서 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 토종닭 후보라인 A는 높은 수준의 taurine 및 풍미 관련 유리아미노산을 함유하는 것으로 나타나 기능성 및 풍미 측면에서 시중 토종닭 및 다른 신계통에 비해 특이적 특성을 지닌 것으로 판단된다. 다만 이전 연구 결과에 의하면 A계통은 성장률이나 도체중과 같은 생산성 측면에서 다른 계통보다 불리한 것으로 나타났다. 독특한 육질 특성이나 기능적 측면을 강조한 전략적 시장을 타깃으로 A와 같은 특정 계통의 토종닭 상용화도 추진할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 이 연구는 더 나은 기능성 및 풍미 성분을 가진 새로운 토종닭 계통을 선발하는데 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

삼계용 신품종 토종닭의 육질특성 비교분석 (Comparative Analysis of Meat Quality Traits of New Strains of Native Chickens for Samgyetang)

  • 이성윤;박지영;현정민;정사무엘;조철훈;남기창
    • 한국가금학회지
    • /
    • 제45권3호
    • /
    • pp.175-182
    • /
    • 2018
  • 기존의 삼계용 토종닭 품종과 GSP 육종을 통해 개발 중인 신품종 토종닭 후보라인의 도체 및 육질 특성을 비교하기 위해, 동일 조건에서 사육한 5주령의 한협3호(H), 백세미(W), 토종닭 후보라인 3계통(A, C, D)으로 구성된 250수를 도축하여 도체형질을 측정하고, 가슴육을 이용하여 육질성분과 특성을 분석하였다. 도체중은 W가 875.10 g으로 가장 높았고, 후보라인A 가 537.54 g으로 가장 낮았다(P<0.05). W는 브로일러의 특성인 가슴살의 비율이 높고, 가슴살의 지방함량도 높았다. 후보라인 3계통은 H와W 보다 linoleic acid(C18:2)의 함량이 높았다. 특히 후보라인 중 A와 D는 토종닭에서 특징적으로 많이 함유되어 있는 arachidonic acid(C20:4) 함량이 C에 비해 높았다. 전반적인 지방산 조성에서 후보라인 A와 D는 대조구 H 와 유사하였으며, 후보라인 C는 W와 유사한 경향을 보여 흥미로웠다. 백세미(W)보다는 시중 토종닭(H)과 유사한 지방산 조성을 보인 후보라인 A와 D의 관능평가 점수가 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구 결과를 바탕으로 기존의 삼계용 토종닭과 백세미를 대체하는 새로운 품질특성을 지닌 삼계용 토종닭 개발의 기초자료로 활용 가능할 것이다.

Genomic Heterogeneity of Chicken Populations in India

  • Rajkumar, Ullengala;Gupta, B. Ramesh;Reddy, A. Rajasekhara
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제21권12호
    • /
    • pp.1710-1720
    • /
    • 2008
  • A comprehensive genome profiling study was undertaken based on automated genotyping and analysis of 20 microsatellite markers that involved 155 birds representing eight different populations. The distribution of microsatellite markers in each of these breeds helped us to decipher genetic heterogeneity, population genetic structure and evolutionary relationships of the present day chicken populations in India. All the microsatellite loci utilized for the analysis were polymorphic and reasonably informative. A total of 285 alleles were documented at 20 loci with a mean of 14.25 alleles/locus. A total of 103 alleles were found to be population/strain specific of which, only 30 per cent had a frequency of more than 10. The mean PIC values ranged from 0.39 for the locus ADL158 to 0.71 for loci MCW005 or ADL267 across the genomes and 0.55 in Dahlem Red to 0.71 in Desi (non-descript), among the populations. The overall mean expected and observed heterozygosity estimates for our populations were 0.68 and 0.64, respectively. The overall mean inbreeding coefficients (FIS) varied between -0.05 (Babcock) and 0.16 (Rhode Island Red). The pairwise FST estimates ranged from 0.06 between Aseel and Desi (non-descript) to 0.14 between Dahlem Red and Babcock. The Nei's genetic distance varied from 0.30 (WLH-IWD and WLH-IWF) to 0.80 (Dahlem Red and Babcock. Phylogenetic analysis grouped all the populations into two main clusters, representing i) the pure breeds, Dahlem Red and Rhode Island Red, and ii) the remaining six populations/strains. All the chicken populations studied were in the state of mild to moderate inbreeding except for commercial birds. A planned breeding is advised for purebreds to revive their genetic potential. High genetic diversity exists in Desi (non-descript), local birds, which can be exploited to genetically improve the birds suitable for backyard poultry.