• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.580-584
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• 1997

기존의 폐동맥 혈류 조절술(pulmonary래eV banding procedure)의 미비 점을 보완하여 피하에서 조절 가능한 폐동맥 혈류 조절기(pulmonary artery banding device)를 개발하였다. 조절기는 탄성력을 가진 스테인레스 철 사를 이용하여 지그재그형으로 형태를 만든 조절부,폴리비닐 카테터로 된 몸체 부위 및 볼트와 너트로 이 루어진 나사부로 구성되어 있다. 15∼20 kg의 네 마리 황견을 이용해 좌측 개흉술 후 하행 대동맥에 본 장 치를 장착한 후 때월 후 장치의 조절에 따르는 혈압의 변화에 대한 검사를 하였다. 검사 후 실험동물을 희생시켜 장치를 포항한 대동맥의 병리 조직 검사를 시행하였다. 조절기의 나사부를 회전시키므로서 혈관 에 장착된 조절기의 직경과 원주가 정확하고 용이하게 조절되었다. 조절기의 조절에 따라 측정한 혈압 변 화에서 혈압이 조절기의 회전수에 선형 증감을 나타냈다. 폐동맥 혈류 조절기의 장착이 용이하고 쉽게 조 절 가능하므로 이를 장차 임상에 적용시켜 보다 향상되길 기대한다.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.159-170
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• 2019

The growth accelerator period from a child's body into an adult body is a huge transition characterized by rapid growth in the near term. Body shape changes at this time of growth should be continually studied because they can result in different outcomes due to various variables. This study is basic study for the production of a junior brassiere patternmaking was conducted to separate the upper torso and breasts of adolescents by growth level. Analysis was conducted by age classification according to sales trends. In this study. 3D body shape data of Korean girls, Based on the 6th Size Korea data, analyzed statistically the upper body and breast according to the rate of growth. The results of this study represent the basis for the development of a junior brassiere to help lead a better life in regards to clothing. The study used 3D-data from girls aged 13 to 18. The analysis indicates that the upper body is in a different shape at age 15 with an increasing circumference, width and shoulder length of the chest; in addition, the sides are analyzed differently, suggesting that the brassiere configuration should be made differently at age 15. The breast form also showed different growth patterns at age 13 and the result was that the shape of the cup in brassiere should be configured differently depending on type.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.904-921
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to develop a body type suitable for adult men aged from their 20s to their 40s and to present a method of drafting related patterns. To this end, the somatic surface pattern data from previous studies were used. The research method involved drafting torso patterns for each type by setting and distributing the ease to the somatic surface pattern. Appearance evaluation was performed with virtual clothing. Then, the torso pattern for each body type was completed and presented as a draft method. SPSS was used for data analysis in this study. The research results are as follows. Types 1, 2, and 3 were set to 7%, 6%, 5%; 7%, 6%, 4%; and 6.5%, 7%, and 6% for chest, waist, and hip circumference measurements, respectively. The ratio of front to back was 50%:50%, 50%:50%, and 50%:50% of the spare for each body part for Type 1; 70%:30%, 50%:50%, and 60%:40% for Type 2, and 60%:40%, 70%:30%, and 60%:40% for Type 3. A tight-fit torso pattern for each body type suitable for adult males in their 20s to 40s was drafted, which was modified and supplemented through the evaluation of the first and second virtual wear. Considering the practicality of this approach, for generalization of the patterns, the items of the pattern were converted into a drafting method and presented as a draft method.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.828-841
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• 2022

This study aims to develop a fitted torso pattern suitable for males in their forties and fifties who are obese-a group that accounts for more than fifty percent of men in this age group-using a 3D virtual fitting program. Size Korea's 2022 data for obese males in their forties and fifties is utilized for this study. In terms of the research method, a 3D program (CLO 3D) is used to implement the target group's various body types and to apply fitted torsos that enable verification and evaluation of the pattern's fit and ease. The characteristics of fitted torso patterns for obese bodies are as follows: the front centerline is a profile line; shoulder darts are added by reflecting waist-abdominal protrusion in the front panel; and shoulder, arm, waist, and center-back darts are constructed for the back panel. For obese bodies, the minimum circumference ease amounts should be approximately 6-7cm for the chest, 6cm for the waist, and 6-7cm for the hips. Based on an evaluation of the virtual fit of the developed fitted torso pattern, the data shows that a pattern (foundation) such as this is well suited for obese body types with an average of 4.67/5 points for reverse triangular obesity, an average of 6.67/7 points for log obesity, and an average of 6.69 points for the ease amount.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.315-323
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• 2023

In the diverse modern era, individuals are actively striving to develop and demonstrate their capabilities . As a means of cultivating interest in hanbok and differentiatedabilities , there exists a national qualification verification for hanbok technician. This study focuses on using Saekdong-jeogori pattern that is suitable for design and allows for accurate pattern production in a short time for beginners taking the practical test for hanbok technicians. We analyzed five experimental Saekdong-jeogori patterns, from which the final patterns for research were derived through appearance tests on the first table evaluation and the second outfit evaluation. The Saekdong-jeogori pattern-1 for research utilized the body values presented by beginners taking the hanbok technician qualification verification, while the rest were calculated or applied using equivalents. The godae point and armhole depth were calculated based on the chest circumference, and the armhole curve, sleeve shape, doryeon line, and sleeve-end were drawn, regardless of the changes in the figures, using equal parts. The Saekdong-jeogori pattern-2 provided activity by vertically lowering the side line from the end of the armhole, and the keotseop line was drawn by moving 1 cm from the width of the Kit to the armhole line. The seopko was raised 0.2 cm from the keotseop reference line and0.2cm , and was supplemented by its connection to a natural curve.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.44-54
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• 2024

In this study, the sizing systems of 40 unisex sweatshirt brands were analyzed to collect the size information needed to produce unisex clothing. Each size specification was compared with the body size distribution and percentiles of men and women aged 18 to 29. Depending on the brand, unisex sweatshirt sizes ranged from 1 to 8. Despite being unisex apparel, three brands offered only one or two sizes. Out of the brands surveyed, 50% were found to offer four or five sizes. Out of the 40 brands, 25 used letters such as "S," "M," and "L" to indicate the size designation. More than 92.5% of the brands included M and L, and the sizing system tended to focus on larger sizes such as XL and 2XL rather than smaller sizes such as XS and S. The size specifications of shoulder width, chest circumference, sleeve length, and total length were compared with the body size distribution and percentiles of men and women aged 18 to 29. The distribution of each size specification mostly appeared in a section larger than the men's body size. The size specifications of unisex sweatshirts were set close to or larger than men's sizes and hardly represented women's sizes. To increase consumer satisfaction with unisex clothing, establishing a size standard that could accurately reflect the body size distribution of men and women was found to be imperative. Such a size standard could also help each brand specify or diversify its target and differentiate itself with other brands.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2001

광주시에 있는 한 초등학교에 재학중인 $10{\sim}12$세의 학생 210명을 조사 대상으로 식습관과 영양소 섭취량 및 혈액 성상에 관한 연구 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 조사 대상자의 연령 분포는 10세 남자가 65명, 여자가 71명, 11세 남자가 15명, 여자가 21명, 12세 남자가 21명, 여자가 17명으로 평균 신장은 남녀 각각 137cm, 136cm였고, 평균 체중은 32.2kg 31.0kg이었으며, 평균 가슴둘레는 67.1mm, 64.4mm, 평균 앉은 키는 74.0mm, 여자 74.7mm로 모두 유의적인 차이를 나타냈다. 2. 조사 대상자의 헤마토크리트치는 남학생이 37.1%, 여학생이 37.8%로 기준치와 거의 비슷하였고, 백혈구는 남 여학생 모두 $6.1{\times}10^3/mm^3$을 나타냈고, 적혈구는 남학생이 $4.7{\times}10^6/mm^3$, 여학생이 $4.6{\times}10^6/mm^3$이었다. 헤모글로빈은 남학생이 13.1g/dl, 여학생이 13.2g/dl로 기준치보다 약간 높았다. GOT는 남학생이 22.6unit, 여학생이 20.7unit였고, GPT는 남학생이 16.9unit, 여학생이 13.8unit였다. 혈액 중의 콜레스테롤 함량은 남학생이 170.3mg/dl, 여학생이 178.3mg/dl로 정상 범위였다. 3. 조사 대상자의 식습관 조사결과 고학년으로 올라 갈수록 식사시간이 불규칙해지고 식품의 배합이나 균형을 생각지 않고 섭취하고 있었으며 맵거나 짜게 먹고 있었고 아침 식사를 거르는 비율이 높게 나타났다. 4. 조사 대상자의 열량 섭취량은 남학생은 1,663kcal, 여학생은 1,427kcal를 섭취하였고, 단백질 섭취량은 남학생은 58.2g, 여학생은 52.1g, 지방 섭취량은 남학생이 43.2g, 여학생이 59.5g이었다. 칼슘의 섭취랴은 남학생이 469.6mg, 여학생이 513.9mg이었으며 인의 섭취량은 남학생이 896.4mg, 여학생이 823.6mg이었고, 철분의 섭취량은 남학생이 9.6mg, 여학생이 42.4mg, 나트륨의 섭취량은 남학생이 3,300mg, 여학생이 3,468mg이었고, 칼륨의 섭취량은 남학생이 2,169mg, 여학생이 2,192mg이었다. 비타민 A의 섭취량은 남학생이 388.4RE, 여학생이 466.0RE, 비타민 $B_1$은 남학생이 1.1mg, 여학생이 0.9mg, 비타민 $B_2$는 남학생이 1.1mg, 여학생이 2.2mg, 나이아신은 남학생이 12.2NE, 여학생이 26.3NE, 비타민 C는 남학생이 146.4mg, 여학생이 98.7mg 및 콜레스테롤 섭취량은 남학생이 251.4mg, 여학생이 159.3mg이었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 에너지, 단백질, 칼슘, 비타민 A 등 대부분의 영양소 섭취량이 권장량에 미치지 못하여 성장기에 있는 아동들의 영양소 섭취 상태에 문제가 있음을 시사해 주었다. 5. 조사 대상자의 식습관과 영양소 섭취량의 상관관관계는 식사 시간의 규칙성은 단백질, 식이성 섬유소, 비타민 A 및 티아민섭취량과 양의 상관을 나트륨섭취량과는 음의 상관관계가 있었다. 음식의 간(염도)은 인과 콜레스테롤 섭취와 음의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 들깨가루나 들기름 사용 여부는 열량, 탄수화물 및 인의 섭취량과 음의 상관을, 지방, 철분, 리보플라빈 및 나이아신섭취량과는 양의 상관관계를 나타냈었다. 결식여부는 지방, 철분 및 나이아신섭취량과는 양의 상관관계를, 열량, 탄수화물, 인 나트륨, 및 콜레스테롤섭취량과는 음의 상관을 보였다. 외식이 빈도수는 단백질, 지방, 식이성 섬유소, 철분, 레티놀, 티아민, 리보플라빈 및 나이아신섭취량과 음의 상관을 보였다. 이상의 연구 결과 $10{\sim}12$세 아동의 체위와 혈액 성상은 정상 범위에 속하며, 연령이 증가할수록 바람직하지 않은 식습관을 나타내었고, 에너지, 단백질, 칼슘, 비타민 A 등 대부분의 영양소 섭취량이 권장량에 미치지 못하였고, 특히 칼슘과 비타민 A의 섭취 증가가 요구되었다. 또한 식사시간이 규칙적일수록 단백질, 식이성 섬유소, 레티놀 및 티아민 섭취량이 높았고, 식이양이 많을수록 인과 콜레스테롤 섭취량이 높았으며, 들깨기름을 사용하지 않을수록 열량과 탄수화물 섭취량이 많았고, 외식의 빈도수가 높을수록 단백질, 지방 등의 섭취량이 높게 나타났다. 특히 초등학교 고학년 학생들의 불규칙적인 식사습관, 소금섭취량 및 외식의 빈도수가 여러 영양소 섭취상태에 영향을 주고 있음을 확인할 수 있었고 따라서 성장이 왕성한 학동기에 균형잡힌 좋은 식습관과 규칙적으로 가정에서 식사할 수 있도록 특별한 관심을 가져야 함을 시사해 주었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.43-58
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• 1977

Kojedo is the second largest island in Korea and a total population of 115,500 is living on the island of 394.69 sq. km. Under the direction of three nutrition professors, nutrition surveys in two villages in Kojedo, namely Siljun Ri in Hachung Myon and Soowol Ri in Shinhyun Myon, were carried by 30 college senior students majoring in nutrition from August to 20 August 1977. From a total of 176 households of the two villages, 67 households were randomly selected and 390 family members of the households were subjcets of the nutrition surveys. The precise weighing method was used in evaluating the kinds of foods and nutrient intakes of the subjects for three consecutive days. Thirty-seven pre-school children aged between 3 to 6 years and 27 fertile women were examined for biochemical findings and physical status. The main purposes of the surveys are to provide baseline data on nutrition in Kojedo Island for the Kojedo Community Development Project and to compare the nutritional status of the villages of Siljun Ri and Soowol Ri. Siljun Ri is located in the pilot project area of the Koiedo Community Health Project sponsored since December 1970 by the Christian Medical Commission of the World Council of Churches. While Soowol Ri is a control village for comparison. The results obtained are summarized as follows: Food Intake The average food intake per person per day in Siljun Ri, 1064 grams (91.7% in vegetable foods and 7.6% in animal foods) was 90 grams more than that of Soowol Ri, 974 grams (92.8% in vegetable foods and 5.9% in animal foods). However, the food intake per pre-school child in Siljun Ri, 485 grams (92.6% from vegetable foods and 6.4% from animal foods) was 21 grams lower than that of the Soowol Ri, 506 grams (88.5% from vegetable foods and 6.5% from animal foods). The average intake of beans was 16 grams(1.5% out of the total food intake) in Siljun Ri and 21 grams(2.2% of the total food intake)in Soowol Ri. The villagers should be guided for more consumption of soybeans to improve the quality of protein intake from vegetable foods. Nutrient Intake The adult intake in Siljun Ri and Soowol Ri were 2,529 kcal and 2,511 kcal respectively. The average energy intake of pre-school childen in Siljun Ri was 948 kcal and that for adult and 1,500 kcal for childen aged between 4 to 6 years-given by the Korea FAO Association, the diets in both villages were not adequate. Average daily protein intake of the subjected adult in Siljun Ri was 78.4 grams and that of Soowol Ri was 76.2 grams, while pre-school children took 30.7 grams in the former village and 31.7 grams in the latter village per child per day. The protein intake in both villages were lower than the recommended allowances, 80 grams for adult and 45 grams for $4{\sim}6$ years childen, and animal protein intake of the all subjects was very much lower than the RDA. The main charecter of the diet has been found low in quality of protein and high in carbohydrate. The calcium intakes of the pre-school children in both villages, 251.9 milligrams in Siljun Ri and 218.8 milligrams in Soowol Ri, were very much lower than the recommended allowance of 500 milligrams per day. It is apparent that the diet for children should be supplemented with calcium. Among the vitamin group, the daily average intakes of vitamin A and $B_{2}$(thiamine), $B_{2}$(riboflavin), C(ascorbic acid), and niacin were not adequate for the children in both villages. Especially the intake of riboflavin, 0.4 milligrams in both village children, was much lower than the RDA, 0.9 milligrams per day. Physical Characteristics Average height, weight, chest and head circumference of the pre-school children in both villages were similar to those of the Korean standard given by the Korean Paediatrics Association except that the average height of pre-school boys in Siljun Ri was 8 cm higher than the Korean standard of 105 cm. The mean values of upper arm circumference and skinfold thickness of pre-school boys in both villages were the same, 15.4 cm for upper arm circumference and 6.8 mm for skinfold thickness, but the mean values of those of the girls in Siljun Ri were higher than those of pre-school grils in Soowol Ri. Biochemical Findings Avera ge hemogobin value of boys and girls in both villages was the same, 11.1 grams per 100 ml of blood. The incidence of anemia (Hb value below 11g/100ml) was similar in both viltagesr 36.4% for boys and 50% for girls in Siljun Ri and 37.5% for boys and 50% for girls in Soowol Ri. Average hemoglobin values of fertile women were 10.7g% in Siljun Ri and 10.8% in Soowor Ri. The incidences of anemia(Hb valre brlow 12g/100ml) were 100% in Siljun Ri and 86.7% in Soowol Ri. The anemia of these subjects may be caused mainty low intake of good quality protein and iron intake from vegetable food. Recommendation In general, the nutritional status of a community health pilot village is not higher than that of control village due to the lack of nutrition improvement guldance services. Nutrition education should be delivered to the villagers as a main part of the health education artivities. The emphasis should be on building better health through bttter food habits and better food production as well as on preventing malnutrition and diseasrs. It can be an invaluable part of community developnent. Since nutrition is considered to be at least one-half of MCH care, no village or home visits should be made without careful provision for teaching and demoastrating something simple and practical on nutrition. The nurse, midwife, and village health worker should be the chief promoters of nutrition.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.321-328
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• 2007

배경: 대동맥 근부를 보존하는 심장수술이 점차 늘어남에 따라 대동맥 근부의 해부학적 구조에 대한 중요성 또한 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 외과적 관점에서 필요한 대동맥 근부를 한국인 해부학 실습용 시신에서 실측하여 대동맥 근부의 진단 및 수술적 처치의 기준으로 하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 사인이 심혈관 질환이 아닌 시신 62구 중 대동맥 판막이 쌍엽인 1구, 기술적 오류로 대동맥 근부가 손상된 4구, 고정기간 중 변형이 심한 10구를 제외한 47예를 대상으로 하였다. 각 교련사이 간격, 대동맥 동의 높이, Sinotubular junction 및 aortic annulus의 길이를 측정하여 비교하였다. 결과: 시신의 사망 나이는 평균 61.3이었으며 남성이 31, 여성이 16구였다. 각 교련사이 간격은 Right coronary sinus $20.73{\pm}2.23mm$, Non coronary sinus $19.34{\pm}2.08mm$, Left coronary sinus $18.58{\pm}2.15mm$였다. 각 대동맥동의 높이는 Right coronary sinus $20.59{\pm}2.48$, Non coronary sinus $18.61{\pm}2.26mm$, Left coronary sinus $17.95{\pm}19mm$였으며, 통계 분석에서 교련사이에 길이 및 대동맥동의 높이는 Right coronary sinus가 가장 컸으며, Non coronary sinus, Left coronary sinus 순으로 나타났다. Sinotubular junction의 길이는 $70.73{\pm}5.94mm$, aortic annulus는 $77.94{\pm}5.63mm$였으며 Sinotubular junction의 길이, 대동맥 판륜의 길이와 대동맥 판륜에 대한 Sinotubular junction의 길이의 비를 각각 나이와 비교 분석했을 때 상관관계가 없었다(p=0.920, p=0.111, p=0.073). 대동맥 판륜과 sinotubular junction의 기울기는 $2.03^{\circ}$에서 $7.77^{\circ}$ (평균$=4.90^{\circ}$)였다. 결론: 각 교련 사이 간격 및 대동맥동의 높이는 non-parametric ANOVA test 결과 Right coronary sinus, Non coronary sinus, Left coronary sinus의 순으로 유의한 크기차이를 보였다(p=0.00). Sinotubular junction의 둘레 길이는 대동맥 판륜의 길이보다 9.3% 작았고 sinotubular junction이 aortic annulus에 대해 좌후측으로 기울어져 있었다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.193-202
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• 1984

1982년 1월 1일부터 동년 12월 31일까지 만 1년간 경희대학교 의과대학 부속병원 산부인과에 입윈한 산모 1,930명과 신생아실에 입원된 신생아 1,961명을 대상으로 임상 통계적 관찰을 시행하여 얻은 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 산모의 연령은 $25{\sim}29$세군이 51.30%로 제일 높은 분포를 보였으며, $20{\sim}29$세 사이가 전체의 82.4%를 보였다. 2) 산과력에 의한 산모의 분포에서 분만 및 유산의 경험이 전혀 없는 군이 45.5%로 제일 높았다. 3) 산모의 유산경험에서는 전체 산모의 36.1%에서 경험이 있으며, 평균 유산횟수는 1.8회였다. 4) 분만형에는 자연분만이 58.1%로 제일 높았으며, 다음이 흡인분만으로 22.4%, 제왕절개술이 18.81%의 순이었다. 5) 재태기간의 분포는 미숙아가 7.1%, 만삭아가 87.2%, 과숙아가 5.7%를 보였다. 6) 남아 대 여아의 출생비는 1.03:1이었다. 7) 출생시 체중별 분포에서는 저체중아가 9.0%, 정상체중아가 85.5%, 과체중아가 5.5%를 보였다. 8) 신생아의 평균 신체 계측치는 체중이 남아가 3.28k 여아가 3.18kg였으며, 신장은 남아가 50.40cm, 여아가 49.77cm였고, 흉위는 남아가 32.54cm, 여아가 32.17cm, 그리고 두위는 남아가 33.49cm, 여아가 33.11cm로 계측되었다. 9) 1분 Apgar평점은 남아가 평균 7.70, 여아가 7.63을 나타냈다. 10) 신생아 황달은 전체 신생아의 50.0%에서 볼 수 있었고, 성별에 대한 차이는 볼 수 없었으나 미숙아군이 만삭아나 과숙아군보다 조금 높았다. 11) 신생아 질환의 발생율은 8.9%였으며, 역시 미숙아군에서 높게 발병되었고, 질병별로는 신생아 감염이 35.6%로 제일 높았다. 12) 쌍태아의 비율은 전체 신생아 중 3.1%를 차지하였으며, 단태아에 대한 비는 64.3출산 중 1예였다. 쌍태아의 남여비는 1:1.03이었다. 13) 선천성 기형의 발생 빈도는 2.4%였으며, 성 별 발생빈도는 3.18 : 1이었다. 선천성 기형을 기관별로 보면, 소화기계의 기형이 30.9%로 제일 높았으며, 다음이 비뇨생식기계로 25.9%였다. 14) 신생아 사망율은 11.73이었으며, 출생시 체중별 신생아 사망은 저체중아군이 전체 사망의 78.3%를 차지하였고, 재태기간별로 보면 역시 미숙아군에서 78.3%를 차지하였다. 사인별로 보면 비정상폐환기로 인한 사망이 39.1%로 제일 높았으며, 다음이 미숙아로 30.4%, 그리고 선천성 기형의 13.0%순이었다.