• 제목/요약/키워드: chert

검색결과 16건 처리시간 0.025초

처트-백운석 반응에 의한 석면상 투각섬석의 생성과 형태적 특성 (Asbestiform Tremolite Formed by Chert-Dolomite Reaction and Its Morphological Characteristics)

  • 정기영;최진범
    • 한국광물학회지
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    • 제26권2호
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    • pp.111-118
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    • 2013
  • 제천시 수산면의 고생대 백운암에는 속성기원 흑색 처트 단괴들이 함유되어 있으며, 흑운모 화강암 관입과 관련된 접촉변성작용으로 백운석과 처트가 반응하여 단괴 주위로 변질대가 형성되었다. 변질 초기에 활석 및 방해석이 처트와 백운암을 교대하며 생성되었지만, 후기에 투각섬석이 활석과 방해석을 교대하였다. 처트 단괴들이 밀집한 백운암 층준에서는 회백색 투각섬석이 다량으로 산출된다. 주사전자현미경 및 광학현미경 관찰결과, 투각섬석은 다양한 종횡비의 신장된 입자 형태를 보이며, 수 mm의 좁은 공간에서 같이 산출된다. 침상-섬유상 입자들이 다발을 이루는 석면상 투각섬석도 있으나, 주상 입자들도 흔히 존재함이 확인되었다. 따라서 자연 유래 석면물질의 경우, 모든 투각섬석이 석면상 투각섬석은 아니므로 석면 정량 시 유의해야 한다. 수산 지역에서 석면상 각섬석의 산출 환경은 함처트 백운암, 열원, 수용성 유체의 존재가 투각섬석 석면의 지질학적 생성 조건이 될 수 있음을 지시한다.

해남 공룡화석 지 퇴적암의 물리적 성질: 쳐트 함량과의 관계 (Physical Properties of Sedimentary Rocks containing Dinosaur Trace Fossils in the Haenam: A Relationship with Chert Content)

  • 조현구;김수진;장세정
    • 한국광물학회지
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.132-139
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    • 2002
  • 해남 공룡족흔화석을 포함하고 있는 퇴적암의 보존 방안을 연구하기 위하여 물리적 성질을 조사하였다. 9개의 시료를 선택하여 실내 실험을 통하여 공극률, 공극비, 건조 밀도, 함수비 및 포화도를 계산하였다. 3점꺾임강도는 만능재료시험기를 이용하여 측정하였고, 열팽창률은 팽창계를 사용하여 측정하였다. 우항리 퇴적암은 매우 낮은 공극률, 공극비 및 함수비를 가진다. 세일의 3점꺾임강도는 24.16~42.84, 사암은 16.34~43.52 $N/mm^2$로써 일반적인 퇴적암에 비하여 매우 낮다. 우항리 암석의 공극률이 작음에도 불구하고 강도가 낮은 이유는 미세한 열극이 암석 시료 내 여러 곳에 산재하여 있기 때문으로 생각된다. 열팽창률은 $14.7~21.3\Times10^{-6 }$ 범위인데, 이 값은 알루미나에 비하여 2~2.5배, 활석에 비하여 약 10배 정도 큰 값이다. 사암의 경우 쳐트의 양이 많을수록 공극률, 공극비와 함수비는 증가하며, 건조밀도와 포화도는 작아진다. 쳐트를 함유한 사암은 포함하지 않은 사암에 비하여 공극률과 열팽창률이 월등하게 높아서 강도가 낮다.

콘크리트용 골재의 알카리-실리카 반응의 함량 최악조건 (An Introduction of Pessimum Program for the Identification of Alkali-Aggregate Reaction)

  • 이상완;김수만;이평석
    • 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국콘크리트학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회논문집(I)
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    • pp.363-368
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    • 2000
  • This paper is an introduction of pessimum program for the identification of alkali-silica reaction of alkali-aggregate reaction which is known as one of a major factor of concrete deterioration. A series of gel-pat testing program was undertaken to observe the reactivity of potentially alkali-silica reactive concrete aggregates which were found to be reactive by previous petrographic examination (ASTM C 295). And then a pessimum program was performed in accordance with mortar-bar test method (ASTM C 227) with different percentage of those reactive components included in the fine aggregate source to determine the pessimum quantity. Chert and quartzite were found to be major components of reactive mineral/rock, and the pessimum condition for chert was about 3%, even though the test was performed with up to 25% of the component. In the case of quartzite, however, the mortar-bar expansion appeared to be directly proportional to the amount of quartzite sample with increasing tested quantity up to 35%. Both of the expansion results were well 3 and 6 month specified maximum limitation of 0.05% and of 0.1% respectively.

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마이크로 유전체장벽 및 마이크로 공격의 방전 및 플라즈마 발생특성 (Characteristics of Discharges and Plasma Generation in Micro-Air gaps and Micro-Dielectric Barriers)

  • 손시호;태흥식;문재덕
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 1996년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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    • pp.1835-1837
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    • 1996
  • Characteristics of Discharge and nonthermal plasma generation in a micro-air gap spacing between a micro-dielectric barrier and a electrode have been investigated experimentally to chert the potential to be used as a micro-scale nonthermal plasma generator. It is found that the output ozone concentration, as a nonthermal plasma intensity parameter, of the micro-air gnp nonthermal plasma generator depended greatly upon the air gap spacing and thickness of the dielectric barrier. As a result, there is a optimal air gap sparing in the same micro dielectric barrier to generate ozone effectively. And the higher ozone concentration was generated from the thinner micro-barrier.

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동작기능성 향상을 위한 작업복 연구 (Functional Design Process of Coveralls for the Improvement of Mobility)

  • 홍경희;박길순
    • 한국의류학회지
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.311-322
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    • 1996
  • To accomodate workers with efficient mobility, coveralls were redesigned, construted and evaluated. In this study, especially, image processing techniques were applied to the evaluation stage, to quantify thE ease of body movement. For the initial observation stage, car-center workers were interviewed and their movements were videotaped. By analyzing the videotape, the area of stress and strains on the work clothes were marked on the figure chert and considered for the pattern making. 4DM cut pattern were applied to the upper part of the work clothes and other alternations were made throughout the problem area. Honey comb slashes were made on the problem area of the original and newly designed coveralls. Open areas of honey comb slashes due to body movement between the original and newly designed coveralls were analyzed by image processing techniques. Other objective and subjective evaluation of newly designed coveralls was compared with the original one. Overall evaluation of functionally designed coveralls was appered to be positive and the image processing techiques were useful methology to quantify the amount of stress in this study.

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단상전원에 적합한 단일단 및 2단 역률개선회로 (Two-stage & Single-stage Power Factor Correction circuits for Single-phase Power source)

  • 김철진;유병규;김충식;김영태
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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    • pp.1214-1216
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    • 2004
  • Conventional Switched Mode Power Supplies(SMPS) with diode-capacitor rectifier have distorted input current waveform with high harmonic contents. Typically, these SMPS have a power factor lower than 0,65. To improve with this problem the power factor correction(PFC) circuit of power supplies has to be introduced. PFC circuit have tendency to be applied in new power supply designs. The input active power factor correction circuits can be implemented using either the two-stage or the single-stage approach. In this paper, the comparative analysis of power factor correction circuit using feedforward control with average current mode single-stage flyback method converter and two-stage converter which is combination of boost and flyback converter. The two prototypes of 50W were designed and tested a laboratory experimental. Also, the comparative analysis is confirmed by simulation and experimental results.

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함안군북지구(咸安郡北地區)의 지질(地質)과 동광상(銅鑛床) (Geology and Ore Deposits in the Haman-Kunbuk Copper District)

  • 문정욱;김명환;이지헌;최충정
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.55-73
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    • 1970
  • The district investigated covers the central and southern portions of the Uiryong Quadrangle amounting to $40km^2$ in area and is bounded approximately by geographical coordinates of $128^{\circ}$ 28' $40^{{\prime}{\prime}}{\sim}128^{\circ}$ 24' 25"E in longitude and $35^{\circ}10{\prime}{\sim}35^{\circ}14^{\prime}06^{{\prime}{\prime}}N$ in latitude. The purpose of this investigation was to provide basic information in drawing up a comprehensive development plan of the copper ore deposits known to exist in the HamanKumbuk district with special emphasis given to the ascertainment of geological and paragenetic characteristics. The area consists chiefly of shale, sandy shale and chert, all belong to Kyongsang System of Cretaceous age. Intruded into these rocks are andesite, granodiorite, basic dikes, and acidic dikes. The mineralization which took place in the area, consists of mostly fissure-filling vein deposits, numbering several tens, with varying magnitudes. The fissures and shear zones created in rocks, such as chert and granodiorite, hosted the deposition of mineralizing vapors and/or hydrothermal solutions along their openings. The strike lengths of these veins vary from 50 to 600 meters in extension and 0.1 to 3 meters in width. Although the degree of fluctuation in width is great, it averages 0.3m. The stuctural patterns, which apparently affected the deposition of veins, are fissure patterns, trend NS to $N30^{\circ}W$, and steep-pitching tension fractures as well as normal fault pattern. Ore minerals associated with vein matters are primarily chalcopyrite and small amounts of scheelite, cobaltiferous arsenopyrite, and gold and silver intimately associated with sulphide minerals. Associated with these ore mineral are pyrite, pyrrhotite, magnetite, specularite and arsenopyrite. Gangue minerals noted are quartz, calcite, chlorite, tourmaline and hornblende. In terms of the compositions of associated minerals, the vein deposits in the district could be grouped under the following four categories: 1. Pyrrhoitite, Arsenopyrite, Gold and Silver Bearing Copper Vein (Type I) 2. Calcite-Scheelite-Copper Vein (Type II) 3. Magnetite-Pyrite-Copper Vein (Type III) 4. Tourmaline Copper Vein (Type IV) Of the four types, the first and the fourth are presently yielding relatively higher grades: of copper ores and concentrates. The estimated ore reserves total some 222,000 metric tons with the following breakdown in terms of metal contents: Name of Mines Au(g/t) Ag(g/t) Cu(%) Reserves(M/T) Kunbuk 15.92 78.69 6,074 60.498 Cheil Kunbuk - - 1.040 60,847 Haman - - 2.688 101,204 222,549 As rehabilitation of old workings and/or exploration of veins at depth proceed, additional estimation of ore reserves may become apparent and necessary. With regard to the problem of beneficiation and upgrading of low-grade ores in the district, it would be advisable to make decisions on location, treating capacity and mill flowsheet after sufficient amount of exploration is completed as suggested in the report.

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KATSTIC SINKHOLE SEDIMENTS OF DOLOSTONE IN THE UPPER MIDWEST'S DRIFTLESS AREA, USA

  • Oh, Jong-woo
    • 동굴
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    • 제34권35호
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    • pp.78-104
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    • 1993
  • Analysis of one sinkhole, the Dodgeville sinkhole, developed in Ordovician dolostones in the Driftless Area of Wisconsin in the Upper Midwest'd Driftless Area reveals homogenous clayey sediment fills reflecting a range of dissolutional processes during the Quaternary or Pre-Quaternary. Granulometric analysis, graphical moments statistics, carbonate minerals, ana sand grain lithology were used to differentiate sinkhole sediment sources and modes of accumulation. Sediments in the dolostone sinkholes developed by dissolution. Sediments contain two major types of sediments : residual redish clay( autogenic sediments) and aeolian silt (allogenic sediments). The massive clay is generated from the weathered dolostone bedrocks as a in situ materials. The loessial silt is mostly derived from transportation of the surrounding surface materials, with some evidences of penetrated deposition. Unlike the collapsed sandstone sinkholes (Oh et al., 1993), dolostone sinkholes reveal homogenous, autogenic clay materials, and a geochemical composition indicative of in situ autogenic karstification. Dolostone sinkhole si1ts (26.9%) and sands (34.9%) are derived from weathered Plattevi1le-Galena dolostones, and contain high carbonate(37.5%), chert (57.2%) and lead ore (3%). Graphical moments statistics for sorting, skewness, and kurtosis indicate that sand grains from dolostones were derived entirely from local bedrock by in situ dissolution. Upper sinkhole sediments are pedagogically very young as carbonate is unleashed. Materials of the sinkhole sediment are definitely inherited from internal dolostones by dissolution and weathering, because not only a granulomatric comparison of dolostone and sandstone sediments demonstrates that they have heterogeneous paticle size distributions, but also 1ithologic analyses displays they differ completely.

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월악산화강암(月岳山花崗岩)의 접촉변성(接觸變成)에 관(關)하여 (Study on The Contact Metamorphism of Weolagsan Granite)

  • 이대성;강준남
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.169-182
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    • 1978
  • The Weolagsan area consists of four units; (1) Low grade meta-sediments of the upper members of Ogcheon age unknown group such as Changri (mainly black slate and phyllitic rock), Majeonri (mainly alternation of slate, limestone and chert) and Hwanggangri Formation (pebble bearing phyllitic sediments); (2) Samtaesan Formation of Chosun System of Ordovician; (3) So called meta-volcanics and (4) Weolagsan Granite and its associations which intruded above mentioned meta-sediments and meta-volcanics. This study was focused to know the Woelagsan granite and its metasomatic effects to the country rocks petrographically and petrochemically. According to the field survey, microscopic work and some chemical analysis, the granite is a "normal granite" based on the Streckeisen's classification and belongs to a mass of the Central-zone younger group in Ogcheon geosynclinal belt. The granite metasomatized the country rocks along its northern contact zone. Zone of calcareous and cherty rocks (Majeonri formation) was silicified partly and skarned locally at the contact with the granite. The chemical analysis of the zone show no difinite variations in contents of $SiO_2$ and CaO with the distance from the granite. It seems to be indicated that the silicification of this part was not so metasomatized by the granite body, but thermally affected as much as to be partially remelted in the specific parts of the formations. Meta-volcanic rock zone was slightly chloritized near contact with the granite. Limestone of Samtaesan Formation was silicified and skarned along the contact zone by the granite body. The chemical analysis of the zone show some noticiable changes in compositions of $SiO_2$ and CaO with distance from the granite boundary. It can be imagined that the silicification of this zone was metasomatically originated by Woelagsan Granite. According to chemical analysis on several trace elements, the ratio of Zn/Cr and Ni/Cr are relatively higher than that of Cu/Cr in the above mentioned silicified zones. Generally the variation of these metal elements in the zones tend to be regular with distance from the granite body.

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강원도 영월군 마차리 부근에 분포하는 오오도비스기 문곡층의 속성역사 (Diagenetic history of the Mungok Formation near Machari area, Yongweol, Kangwondo, based on Textural, Isotopic, and Chemical Analyses)

  • 우경식;최승진
    • 한국석유지질학회지
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.1-13
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    • 1993
  • 강원도 영월 마차리 부근에 분포하는 문곡층의 속성역사에 대한 연구를 조직적, 동위원소적 및 미량원소적 결과를 이용하여 수행하였다. 속성광물의 생성단계는 각각 그들의 지화학적 결과와 함께 문곡층이 여러 단계의 속성작용을 받았음을 보여준다: 그들은 1) 천해속성작용, 2) 민물속성작용, 3) 얕은매몰속성작용 및 4) 깊은매몰속성작용이다. 천해속성작용은 섬유상 방해석 교질작용과(framboidal) 황철석화작용으로 이루어져 있으며, 민물속성작용 동안에는 불안정한 광물(아라고나이트와 고마그네슘 방해석)로 구성된 탄산염 입자들의 용해작용과 재 결정작용, 극피동물 위의 syntaxial overgrowth 작용 및 등립질 방해석의 교질작용이 일어났다. 얕은 매몰 속성환경에서는 쳐어트와 이디오토픽 돌로마이트가 생성되었고 제노토픽 돌로마이트화작용은 스타일로라이트화 작용 전에 일어났을 것이다. 깊은 매몰 속성환경 에서는 saddle 돌로마이트화작용, 2차 규화작용 및 탈돌로마이트화작용이 일어났다.

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