• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제43회 하계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.71-71
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• 2012

Chemically modified graphene has been great interest for the application of printed electronics using solution prossesable technique. Here, we demonstrate a large area graphene exfoliation method with fewer defects on the basal plane by application of shear stress in solution to obtain high quality reduced graphene oxide (RGO). Moreover, we introduce a novel route to preparing highly concentrated and conductive RGO in various solvents by monovalent cation-${\pi}$ interaction. Noncovalent binding forces can be induced between a monopole (cation) and a quadrupole (aromatic ${\pi}$ system). The stability of this RGO dispersion was more sensitive to the strength of the cation-${\pi}$ interactions than to the cation-oxygen functional group interactions. The RGO film prepared without a post-annealing process displayed superior electrical conductivity of 97,500 S/m. Our strategy can facilitate the development of large scalable production methods for preparing printed electronics made from high-quality RGO nanosheets.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.159-159
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• 2013

Atomically thin graphene is the ideal model system for studying nanoscale friction due to its intrinsic two-dimensional anisotropy. Furthermore, modulating its tribological properties could be an important milestone for graphene-based micro and nano-mechanical devices. Here, we report that the tribological properties can be easily altered via simple chemical modifications of the graphene surface. Friction force microscopy measurements show that hydrogenated, fluorinated, and oxidized graphenes exhibit, 2-, 6-, and 7-fold enhanced nanoscale friction on their surfaces, respectively, compared to pristine graphene. The measured nanoscale friction should be associated with the adhesive and elastic properties of the chemically modified graphenes. Density functional theory calculations suggest that, while the adhesive properties of chemically modified graphenes are marginally reduced down to ~30%, the out-of-plane elastic properties are drastically increased up to 800%. Based on these findings, we propose that nanoscale friction on graphene surfaces is characteristically different from that on conventional solid surfaces; stiffer graphene exhibits higher friction, whereas a stiffer three-dimensional solid generally exhibits lower friction. The unusual friction mechanics of graphene is attributed to the intrinsic mechanical anisotropy of graphene, which is inherently stiff in plane, but remarkably flexible out of plane. The out-of-plane flexibility can be modulated up to an order of magnitude by chemical treatmentof the graphene surface. The correlation between the measured nanoscale friction and the calculated out-of-plane flexibility suggests that the frictional energy in graphene is mainly dissipated through the out-of-plane vibrations, or the flexural phonons of graphene.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.8-8
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• 2011

During the last half decade, chemically modified graphene (CMG) has been studied in the wide range of applications, such as polymer composites, energy-related materials, sensors, 'paper'-like materials, field-effect transistors (FET), inks, actuators, and biomedical applications due to its excellent electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. Chemical modification of graphene oxide, which is generated from graphite oxide, which is produced by simple oxidation of graphite, has been a promising route to achieve mass production of CMG platelets via their colloidal suspensions. Graphene oxide contains a range of reactive oxygen functional groups, which renders it a good candidate for use in the aforementioned applications (among others) through chemical functionalizations. In this presentation, I will discuss my recent research activities on the fundamental chemistry of graphite oxide, as well as novel applications based on CMGs. Topics will include the chemical structure of CMGs and colloidal suspensions of CMG platelets, as well as a wide variety of applications.

• Carbon letters
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• 제27권
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• pp.26-34
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• 2018

To formulate folate receptor (FR)-specific graphene-based electrochemical electrodes, a folic acid (FA) derivative attached with two pyrene molecules on the glutamate tail of FA was synthesized. The resulting pyrene-functionalized FA (FA-Py) presented the spontaneous noncovalent binding on chemically reduced graphene oxides (rGO) through an ${\pi}-{\pi}$ interaction. Ultrathin morphology, high water-resistance, and preservation of intact FR-specific pteroates from the rGO/FA-Py assembly allow this assembly to be exploited as robust and FR-specific electrochemical electrode materials. The limits of detecting rGO/FA-Py modified electrodes were found to be as low as 3.07 nM in FR concentrations in cyclic voltammetry analysis.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.231-244
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• 2017

Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by modified Hummer's method to produce reduced graphene oxide (RGO) following standard thermal and chemical reduction processes. Prepared RGO colloids were utilized to fabricate RGO films over glass and FTO coated glass substrates through drop-coating. A systematic study was performed to evaluate the effect of reduction degree on the optical and electrical properties of the RGO film. We demonstrate that both the reduction process (thermal and chemical) produce RGO films of similar optical and electrical behaviors. However, the RGO films fabricated using chemically reduced GO colloid render better performance in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), when they are used as counter electrodes (CEs). It has been demonstrated that RGO films of optimum thicknesses fabricated using RGO colloids prepared using lower concentration of hydrazine reducer have better catalytic performance in DSSCs due to a better catalytic interaction with redox couple. The better catalytic performance of the RGO films fabricated at optimal hydrazine concentration is associated to their higher available surface area and lower grain boundaries.

• Carbon letters
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.89-93
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• 2013

Size-sorted graphene nanoplatelets are highly desired for fundamental research and technological applications of graphene. Here we show a facile approach for fabricating size-sorted graphene oxide (GO) nanoplatelets by a simple centrifugal method using different dispersion solvents. We found that the small-sized GO nanoplatelets were more effectively separated when dispersed in water or dimethylformamide (DMF) than in an alkali aqueous solution. After several iterations of the centrifugation, the sizes of GO in the supernatant solution were mostly several micrometers. We found that the GO area was not strongly correlated with the C-O content of the GO dispersed in water. However, the size-sorted GO nanoplatelets in DMF showed different C-O content, since DMF can reduce GO nanoplatelets during exfoliation and centrifugation processes.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.388-393
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 물리적 강도가 강한 천연 고분자인 박테리아 셀룰로오스(BC)를 기반으로 전기적 성질이 매우 뛰어난 그래핀을 결합시켜 터치 스크린과 같은 투명 전도성 필름을 제조할 수 있는 가능성을 확인하고자 한다. 그래핀을 BC와 결합하기 위해서 라디오파의 인가강도와 처리시간을 달리하여 상온에서 산소 플라즈마 처리를 통해 표면을 개질시켰다. 개질된 그래핀의 물에 대한 접촉각이 $130^{\circ}$에서 $12^{\circ}$로 매우 작아진 것으로 친수성이 향상되었다. 또한, XPS분석에서는 graphene 처리 전 산소함유량 2.99%에서 10.98%로 크게 증가하였다. 그래핀의 손상은 Raman 분석에서 $I_D/I_G$ 비로 정도를 알 수 있다. 처리 전 $I_D/I_G$ 비가 0.11로 손상 정도가 가장 낮았고, 처리 후 0.36~0.43으로 처리 전에 비해 그래핀의 구조적 결함이 증가하였다. 용해시킨 BC에 그래핀을 0~0.04 wt% 첨가하여 제조한 막의 XRD 분석에 의하면 BC막과 plasma 처리된 graphene이 함유된 결합막이 동일한 $2{\theta}$로서 화학적으로 잘 결합되었음을 확인하였다. 이는 SEM 이미지에서 BC와 그래핀의 결합 상태를 확인한 것과 일치하였다. FT-IR 분석에서 플라즈마 처리한 그래핀이 함유된 결합막의 1,000~1,300 $cm^{-1}$ (C=O)에서의 피크가 커진 것으로 보아 plasma 처리된 graphene에서 산소기가 생성되었음을 알 수 있었다. 이와 같은 결과로부터 BC의 물리적인 강점을 기반으로 하여 그래핀을 결합시킨다면 신규의 투명 전도성 소재를 개발할 수 있으리라 사료된다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.422.1-422.1
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• 2016

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs), a new kind of carbon-based photo luminescent nanomaterial from chemically modified graphene oxide (CMGO) or chemically modified graphene (CMG), has attracted extensive research attention in the last few years due to its outstanding chemical, optical and electrical properties. To further extended its potential applications as optoelectronic devices, solar cells, bio and bio-sensors and so on, intensive research efforts have been devoted to the CMG. However, the CMG, a suspension of aqueous, have problematic since they are prone to agglomeration after drying a solvent. In this study, we synthesized the GQDs from graphite and deposited on silicon substrate by kinetic spray. The photo luminescent properties of deposited GQD films were analyzed and compared with initial GQDs suspension. In addition, its carbon properties were investigated with GQDs solution properties. The properties of deposited GQD films by kinetic spray were similar to that of the GQDs suspension in water. We could provide a pathway for silicon-based silicon based device applications. Finally, the well-adjusted GQD films with photo luminescence effects will show Energy-Down-Shift layer effects on silicon solar cells. The GQD layers deposited at nozzle scan speeds of 40, 30, 20, and 10 mm/s were evaluated after they were used to fabricate crystalline-silicon solar cells; the results indicate that GQDs play an important role in increasing the optical absorptivity of the cells. The short-circuit current density (Jsc) was enhanced by about 2.94 % (0.9 mA/cm2) at 30 mm/s. Compared to a reference device without a GQD energy-down-shift layer, the PCE of p-type silicon solar cells was improved by 2.7% (0.4 percentage points).

• 멤브레인
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.239-252
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• 2016

최근 2차원 나노 물질을 응용하여 수처리 막의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는가에 대한 연구가 활발하다. 그 노력의 한 가운데에 원자 두께를 가지고 있으면서 손쉽게 구할 수 있고 층으로 쌓을 수도 있는 2차원 물질인 그래핀이 자리하고 있다. 이 총설에서 우리는 그래핀으로부터 만들 수 있는 두 가지 막 구조에 관한 기초 물질 전달 현상을 최근 연구 성과를 중심으로 다룬다. 그 물질 자체로 이미 물질 전달 차단성을 갖는 그래핀에 정확히 제어된 크기의 구멍을 뚫을 수 있다면 아마도 원자 크기 수준으로 얇은 두께 때문에 그래핀 막은 같은 기공 크기의 어느 막보다도 빠른 궁극적 투과도를 나타낼 것이며, 이로부터 선택도를 담보할 수 있다면 다양한 막 분리 공정에 적용할 수 있을 것이다. 그 한 예로, 나노미터 이하의 기공을 가정한 초박막 침투성 그래핀 막에 대한 분자동역학 연구와 몇몇 초기 실험 결과들이 해수담수화 막으로서의 가능성을 보인 점은 주목할 만하다. 그래핀 물질로부터 다른 구성을 가진 막을 설계할 수 있는데, 이 막은 적당히 산화된 그래핀 마이크로 판들을 무작위로 적층함으로써 구현할 수 있다. 그래핀 판 적층 간격을 나노미터 이하로 쉽게 제어할 수 있기 때문에 이 구조 역시 수처리 및 해수담수화 막으로서의 가능성을 시사한다. 기존 막기술에 존재하지 않던 구조와 물질 전달 성질을 가짐으로써 두 종류의 그래핀 막은 앞으로 수처리 기술을 비롯한 다양한 막 기술의 응용분야에서 효과적으로 기여할 가능성이 충분하다.