• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.41-52
• /
• 2013

Anyang Stream Restoration Movement was started from 2001 for the construction of ecological city. The facilities for reuse of treated sewerage have been used since 2003 for improvement of water quality, maintenance of water quantity, river ecological restoration, and hydrophilic space. Thus, the Anyang city has been gradually transformed to eco-friendly city after the construction of Anyang stream and Hakui stream as natural rivers. In this study, biological and chemical methods as well as ecological indicators for Anyang mainstream and major tributaries were monitored for four years in between 2008 and 2012. The water quality and the diversity of species in most of the streams were found to be good except Anyang main stream. It appears that the influence of seasonal drying stream is almost disappeared except Sammak stream. Thus, the values for BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) and BIP (Biological Index of Pollution) for Anyang main stream were found to be 5.27~3.42mg/l and 4.51~5.50, respectively. This is considered to be caused by the reused water quality of treated wastewater being exceeded the design criteria or by the non-point source of contaminants around the stream. However, entire section of tributaries shows I, II grade as a good water quality.

• 보존과학연구
• /
• s.31
• /
• pp.79-88
• /
• 2010

Paper cultural heritages experience chemical and physical deterioration due to various factors including preservation environments and the property of paper materials1). Thus, it is important to develop optimal preservation and restoration methods for the damaged paper cultural heritages. Currently, lining is a popular treatment for the restoration of paper cultural heritages in Korea. Since lining paper is a layer of paper directly attached to the inside of cultural heritages for protection, understanding of the preservation properties of lining paper is primarily needed in order to devise the better preservation methods. The main material of lining paper is the paper mulberry, but additives such as chalk and white clay is sometimes used to enhance the preservation properties of lining paper. To date, the properties of the functional lining paper containing these additives have been not fully understood yet. In this study, dry heating aging at $105^{\circ}C$ and biological aging by the Aspergillus versicolor and Penicillium polonicum for the lining paper, which is made from paper mulberry and the chalk, are carried out to evaluate changes in their preservation properties by these aging factors. As a result, it is found that the functional lining paper containing 25.1% of chalk can control the growth of fungi, while the paper containing 32.7% of chalk do not show any protection effect. However, the functional lining paper added by chalk is more aged than the lining paper made from paper mulberry by dry heating accelerated aging.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.133-142
• /
• 2010

This paper focused on desalination method for the underwater archaeological ceramics. The desalination method applied in this study takes additional conditions such as the amount of desalting water, temperature, and agitation conditions and compares the effects of desalt process. The result of efficiency rate appears that the twenty-times of the object weight of desalting water is more effective than that of ten-times one, but shows less economic compared to the cost. In addition, the research shows that the efficiency rate has been improved around 20 to 30 %, yet such improvement is not taken into account as an effective result considering the risk of damage from the physical and chemical impact and the consumption of energy in applying additional method.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
• /
• v.15D no.4
• /
• pp.581-588
• /
• 2008

Old films or photographs usually have damages from physical or chemical effects, and the damage and digitalization make stain, scratch, scribbling, noise, and digital drop out in frames. Damages include global damage and local damage, and it is well known that local damage restoration is a main factor for improving image quality. Previous researches have focused on impairment localization (esp. for line scratch impairments) and restoration techniques for line scratch, dirt, blob, and intentional scratch. Inpainting is a key technique using partial derivatives to restore damages in images. It does not show good quality for the complex images because it is based on finite order for partial derivatives, and it takes much time complexity. In this paper, we present a modified inpainting scheme, where we use Sobel edge operator's and angle to compute isophotes, and compare our scheme with Bertalmio's scheme. We experiment our scheme with two old Korean films, and Simulation results show that our scheme requires smaller time complexity than Bertalmio's scheme with comparable reconstructed image quality.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.290-296
• /
• 2019

Lithium-ion batteries are one of the most interesting devices in a number of energy storage systems. In particular, the usage of energy storage devices is increasing due to an increase in demand for renewable energy as a distributed power supply source, stable supply of electric power, and expansion of electric vehicles. Of late, the recycling and restoration technology of waste lithium ion batteries due to the increase in its usage amount as the energy storage system is a socially and economically important research field. In this review, we intend to describe the performance diagnosis, recycling or restoration technology of lithium ion battery and its potential development.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.53-61
• /
• 2024

This study explores the effects of X-ray irradiation for biological control and high-temperature degradation on dye stability in dyed textiles with Gardenia. To evaluate this study, optimal extraction solvents for these textiles were identified by comparing them with a crocin standard solution. Extraction using pyridine closely matched crocin. The study then assessed the stability of X-ray irradiation and high-temperature degradation on these textiles. Transparent yellow dyes were observed in all samples. Color differences were found to increase at higher irradiation doses and longer degradation periods. While UV spectroscopy spectra showed broadening and lowering trends with higher irradiation doses and longer degradation periods, suggesting a reduction in colorant transition, mass spectrometry revealed minimal chemical changes. In conclusion, both X-ray irradiation and high-temperature degradation induced spectral changes without complete dye decomposition. Major colorants were consistently detected.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 2008

The differential settlement on ordinary concrete buildings and paved roads are often occurred and which caused the failure of structure. The grouting method can be used for correcting the settlement of the structure. However, the grouting method has a disadvantage like that it takes a long time period to get a desired strength, and it is not a continuous in the phase of reinforced effect. In this paper, as an injecting material called GPCON to complement disadvantage, it is estimated about the characteristic that has a high-density expansion. With the changing of ground conditions and amount of injection, the change of physical strength on compression, the stability against chemical material are studied through the filming of SEM. The physical strength with compression is developed to high strength due to mixing with other material. It is not react with most of the material on chemical conditions except the component of alcohol. Through the SEM test. it is confirmed that the strength of material was increased as formation is being densified.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.31-39
• /
• 2007

This study was carried out to evaluation the recycled waste soils from construction site for planting soil. For this purpose, the concentrations of polluted materials and the physico-chemical properties were measured at recycled soil samples of an industrial waste treating company in the Metropolitan landfill area. The concentrations of polluted materials did not exceed to the standard critical levels of soil pollution in all analyzed items. The measures of the samples soil texture (loamy sand), bulk density (1.09~1.32g/$cm^3$), saturated hydraulic conductivity ($1.6{\times}10^{-3}{\sim}1.8{\times}10^{-3}$cm/sec), solid phase distribution (0.4~0.5$m^3/m^3$), porosity (0.5~0.6$m^3/m^3$), Ex. $K^+$ (1.0~1.2cmol/kg), Ex. $Mg^{2+}$ (0.2~0.6cmol/kg) were identified as not worse than those of conventional planting soil. But the sample soils have serious problems for planting soil such as high levels of pH (9.6~11.5), EC (0.78~1.84ds/m) and Ex. $Ca^{2+}$ (25.6~34.5cmol/kg), low level of organic matter (0.2~0.3%). It is required to improve pH, EC and Ex. $Ca^{2+}$ of sample soils. Consequently, the results suggested a high potential of recycling of the wastes soils for planting soil.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.49 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2016

The increases of industrial and technological development and human activities have disturbed the balance of natural nitrogen (N) circulation. These phenomena have induced that large amounts of N are to be present in excess in air, soil and water environment. We investigated the effects of excess of reactive nitrogen ($N_r$) compounds on soil and water environment ecosystems through literature and case studies, and suggested the strategy of mitigating the acidification in soil and water ecosystems. $N_r$ moves to air, soil and water media, can be converted to different types, and interacts with other chemical compounds. As an efficient N management plan, the evaluation (application of monitoring and safety index) and the chemical restoration (research and development) of the acidification in soil and water environment ecosystems are required to minimize the effects of $N_r$ as well as policies to regulate the various emission sources and amounts of $N_r$.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.451-464
• /
• 2009

To do conservation for ceramics, sometimes it needs to clean the ceramics chemically to remove stains on the ceramics, which should be performed with caution. This study will provide quantitative data about the extraction characteristics of major elements from ceramics through the soaking test to evaluate the stability of ceramic cleaning agents. As soft textured pottery(fired at $700^{\circ}C$) had high absorption, it showed higher extraction characteristics in short soaking time. Especially the strong acid among chemical cleaning agents caused the expoliation and the color change on the surface of soft textured pottery. But these color change had no effect on the physical characteristics of soft textured pottery. The hard textured pottery(fired at $1,000^{\circ}C$) is relatively stable in the cleaning agent because it is ascertained the extraction of that was not enough and also it had little chromatic and physical change by strong acid. Porcelains(Celadon, Whiteware and Puncheong ware) was safer than the soft textured pottery due to their low extraction. But it should take precautions to clean the porcelains with lots of cracklewares such like Puncheong ware chemically in connection with the extraction characteristics and their cracklewares.