• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.11
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• pp.3777-3787
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• 2012

Three kinds of 3D isomorphous and isostructural coordination polymers, namely, $\{[Ln_2(PDA)_3(H_2O)_3]{\cdot}0.25H_2O\}_{\infty}$ (Ln = La(1), Sm(2), and Gd(3)) ($PDA^{2-}$ = pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate anion) have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, thermal analyses and single crystal X-ray diffraction. In these MOFs, Ln(III) centers adopt eight-coordinated and nine-coordinated with the $N_1O_7$ and $N_2O_7$ donor sets to construct distorted trianglar dodecahedron geometry and tricapped trigonal prism configurations, respectively. Based on the building block of tetranuclear homometallic $Ln_4C_4O_8$ unit (16-membered ring), 1-3 are connected into highly ordered 2D sheets via O-C-O linkers and further constructed into 3D architectures through hydrogen bonds. Crystallographic parameters suggest that the lanthanide contraction effect exist in these coordination polymers. Luminescent properties of the lanthanide-based MOFs (metal-organic frameworks) have been measured at room temperature, which reveal that they presenting ionselective characters toward certain metals, such as $Mg^{2+}$, $Cd^{2+}$ and $Pb^{2+}$ ions.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.6-11
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• 2007

The indigoid-type dyes based on isatin $\alpha-chloride$ were synthesized and the dyes were discussed with relevance to the "H-chromophore" or "cross-conjugated chromophore". The color-changed properties of the dyes were also investigated by means of visible absorption spectra. The novel dyes from isatin $\alpha-chloride$ are of theoretical interest and such dyes can be used as continuous pH indicators in acid/base titrimetric analyses.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bioinformatics Conference
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.78-82
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• 2005

Three of the genus Pseudomonas (P. aeruginosa, P. putida, P. syringae) show highly different phenotypic characteristics among them. Two of the three members are pathogenic and the other is non-pathogenic. Comparative analyses of the complete genomes can elucidate the genomic similarities and differences among them. We analyzed the three genomes and the genes of them to reveal the degree of conservation of chromosomes and similarity of the genes. The 2-dimensional dot plot between the pathogenic P. aeruginosa and non-pathogenic P. putida shared higher portion of the nucleotide sequences than other two combinations. Comparison of the nucleotide compositions by calculating the genome-scale plot of G+C contents and GC skew showed the variation of location. Comparison of the metabolic capabilities using the functional classification of KEGG orthology revealed that the differences in the number of genes for the specific functional categories resulted in the phenotypic differences. Finally combination of the analyses using the protein homologs supported the evolutionary distance of the P. putida obtained from other genome-scale comparisons.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.263-267
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• 2012

Six different types of biltong samples were manufactured from beef which was slowly frozen, quickly frozen or unfrozen. After marinating the samples according to the formulation used, meats were dried at two different temperatures ($28{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ or $42{\pm}1^{\circ}C$) until they lost half of their weights. Chemical, instrumental textural and sensorial analyses were done for determination of the most preferred sample and to compare the attributes of the samples with each other. It was found that, aw values of the samples were among 0.81 and 0.83, whereas water contents were changing among the values 39.64% and 45.37%. There were no significant differences determined among the protein contents of the biltong samples (p>0.05). Fat, ash and salt contents of the samples were among the values 1.32% and 2.07%, 5.30% and 6.06%, 2.68% and 3.30% respectively. Hardness of the samples were found between 34.81 N and 44.13 N and there was no significant difference observed among the hardness values of the biltong samples (p>0.05). As results of the analyses, it can be concluded that the highest flavor, color, tenderness and overall acceptability scores were obtained for the sample QF-LT which was made from quickly frozen beef and was dried at low temperature ($28{\pm}1^{\circ}C$) (p<0.05).

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.1778-1784
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• 2002

Novel membrane lipids containing the unusual very long chain fatty $acid{\alpha}{\omega}-1316-dimethyloctacosanedioate$, dimethyl. Ester (DME C30) was isolated and purified from thermophilic anaerobic eubacterium, Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus. Structures of the lipids containing the bifunctional fatty acyl components were proposed by various analyses such as $^1H,\;^{13}C,\;^{31}P$ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB/MS). Combined with the GC/MS, $^1H,\;and\;^{13}C$NMR data, we confirmed that the head groups of the lipids contained the glycerol and/or glucosamine molecules. $^{31}P$ NMR spectrum also showed that the lipids contained phosphate in a phosphodiester linkage. The proposed structures of these novel lipid components were the ones in which two head groups were linked by the membrane spanning fatty acyl component(DME C30)and regular chain fatty acids on glycerol moiety of each head group.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.57-82
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• 2014

The heritage value of the mixed wood-masonry 18th century Pombalino buildings of downtown Lisbon is recognized both nationally and internationally. The present paper focuses on the seismic assessment of global response and retrofitting of a typical Pombalino building by nonlinear static analyses, performed by the research software Tremuri, which is able to model 3D configurations. The structure is modelled using nonlinear beams for masonry panels, while in case of the internal walls (frontal walls) an original formulation has been developed in order to take into account their specific seismic behaviour. Floors are modelled as orthotropic membrane finite elements: this feature allows to simulate the presence of both flexible and rigid diaphragms, being the first ones more representative of the original state while the second ones of retrofitted configurations. Seismic assessment has been evaluated by applying nonlinear static procedure and comparing the performance of different configurations (by considering various retrofitting strategies). Finally, assuming a lognormal cumulative distribution, fragility curves are obtained to be representative of Pombalino buildings: the most important application of such curves is for seismic risk and loss estimation analyses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.5
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• pp.211-231
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• 2008

To conserve historic textiles, analyses of textile materials, pollutants and deterioration are prerequisite steps. Based upon analytical results, guides for conservation of historic textiles are established. In analyses of textile materials, pollutants and deterioration, there are chemical methods(burning, solubility and staining), physical methods(microscopy and density) and instrumental analysis(Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy(FT-Raman), Gas Chromatography(GC), Mass Spectroscopy(MS), X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF, WDXRF), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy(EDS), and X-Ray Diffraction(XRD), Tensile Testing Machine etc.). Combination of qualitative and quantitative analyses makes accurate diagnosis of textile condition possible. As examples of analyses and conservation of historic textiles, Chuninsan(19 century) similar to sunshade with handing down historic textile and golden decorative skirt(17 century) with excavated costume are taken.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.1511-1518
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• 2011

A series of 1,4-disubstituted octahydroquinoxaline-2,3-dione derivatives was prepared through two steps reaction. The latter involves the formation of N,N-disubstituted cyclohexane-1,2-diamine derivatives (la-j) through reductive alkylation of 1,2-cyclohexanediamine with different aldehydes in presence of sodium cyanoborohydride. Fusion of compounds (1a-j) with diethyl oxalate affording the target compounds (2a-j). Elucidation of structures of compounds (2a-j) was based upon different spectral data as well as the elemental methods of analyses. In addition, mass spectrometry and X-ray diffraction analyses were carried out. Moreover, the lipophilicity of the target compounds as expressed from the Clog P. Most of the test compounds (2a-j) showed weak to moderate antibacterial and antifungal activities against most of the used bacterial and fungal strains in comparison to chloramphenicol and clotrimazole as reference drugs respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.990-996
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• 1992

Chemical vapor deposition of ATO from SnCl4-SbCl5-H2O gas mixture was investigated with thermodynamic and experimental analyses. Electrical conductivity of the ATO film was much improved under deposition conditions of low input-gas ratio, Psbcl5/Psbcl4. This increase of the conductivity was attributed to donor electrons produced mainly by the pentavalent Sb ions in SnO2 lattice. However high input-gas ratio conditions produced an ATO film consisting of a mixture of SnO2 and very fine Sb2O5 phase. It was found that the deterioration of electrical conductivity and optical transmission of the film was caused by the deposition of fine Sb2O5 phase in the SnO2 matrix.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 1992

For the screening of new-functional and specific exopolysaccharide, a bacterium strain was isolated from soil through the two steps of screening. The isolated bacterium was identified as Bacillus polymyxa KS-1 according to the criteria of morphological, physiological, and chemical taxonomic analyses. The exopolysaccharide was composed of glucose:galactose: mannose and galactosamine in an approximate molar ratio of 1.00:0.36:1.02:1.10. The produced exopolysaccharide by Bacillus polymyxa KS-1 was found to be revealed new acidic polysaccharide which did not contain pentose, ketose, starch, and uronic acid.