• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.803-809
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• 2004

In order to activate the characteristics of charcoal in fiber systems, this was carried out to experiment with the particle size from two micrometers to ten micrometers of charcoal powders on cotton fabrics. The results obtained were as follows; The fabrics were dyed with gray colors by charcoal. The K/S values, that were indicative of the dye affinity, became higher as the increase of dyeing temperature, dyeing time, and dyeing concentration. Also it was confirmed the morphology of the fiber surfaces adsorbed with the particle size from two micrometers to four micrometers of charcoal powder by scanning electronmicronscope. The cotton fabrics dyed by charcoals generally recorded 3-4 degree of wash fastness, 4-5 degree of dry-cleaning fastness, 4-5 degree acidic and alkaline perspirations and water fastness. In connection with the functional properties, cotton fabrics dyed with charcoal appeared that antibacterial, deodorization, far infrared emissivity were improved. Especially the deodorization was improved greatly by using charcoal.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.237-247
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• 2010

This research was carried out to examine the properties of black charcoal board, in order to find the proper manufacturing condition for the black charcoal-board made of the charcoal. The charcoal in this study was distillated from domestic wood waste, and it were also the purpose of this study to see if the black charcoal-board has the advantageous properties of charcoal as a well-being building material against the sick house problem. Domestic wood waste was consisted of MDF 40%, PB 30%, plywood 15% and wood 15%, respectively. Black charcoal board was produced by hot pressing with following conditions; temperature $170^{\circ}C$, three stage pressing cycle of $40-10-40\;kgf/cm^2$(1min.-2.5min.-5min.) and non formaldehyde adhesives [P15%+M5%:MDI(M), poly vinyl acetate emulsion(P). Fine mixed particle size [#6-12(16.9%), #12-18(16.7%), #12-40(47.2%), #40-60(9.5%), #60-100(5.9%), less than #100(3.8%)] gave better results than larger particle size [over #6(33.8%), #12-18(17.7%), #12-40(37.7%), #40-60(6.4%), #60-100(2.6%), less than #100(1.8%)]. Final moisture content of the mat was best at 36%. Black charcoal-board showed less MOR and IB(internal bond), more WA(water absorption) than that of white charcoal-board. Black charcoal board showed not only the same gas adsorption and dimensional stability as white charcoal board but also good cutting, nailing and drilling for indoor environment systems.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.64-68
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• 2007

The oak and pine charcoal were used to develop the inner packaging material for maintaining the freshness of vegetables and fruits, and to investigate the possibility in the application for inner packaging. The effects of the charcoal type, species, particle size, and grammage on the adsorption efficiency of ethylene gas were studied. White charcoal has superior ethylene gas adsorption performance to those of black charcoal. Pine charcoal was superior to oak charcoal in the ethylene gas adsorption. Higher gas adsorption was obtained by the higher grammage sheet. The difference in the adsorption efficiency was not significant between ONP and KOCC.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2003

유기$.$자연농업 등 환경친화적 농업을 수행하는 농가에서 많이 사용하고 있는 목탄분말에 대한 특성파악과 작물생육, 토양화학성 및 토양미생물에 대한 영향을 검토하여 목탄분말의 효율적인 이용방안에 대한 기초자료를 얻고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 목탄분말을 시용하고 고추를 재배한 결과 토양의 pH와 EC는 큰 변화가 없었으며, 대립목탄분말 처리시 뿌리생육이 저하되어 목탄분말 입경과 뿌리 발육은 밀접한 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 목탄분말의 입도가 작을수록(5mm 〈1mm 〈0.5mm) 고추의 수량이 증가되었다. 0.5∼1mm정도의 소립 목탄분말은 식물체의 양분흡수와 이용율을 향상시키나, 과다한 목탄분말 시용은 양분집적을 초래할 수 있기 때문에 고추에 대한 목탄분말의 적정시용량은 300kg 10a$^{-1}$ 정도인 것으로 판단되었다. 목탄분말 처리로 토양 중의 Rhizobium 속 질소고정균과 사상균 특히, 인 가용화 사상균수가 고추 생육시기에 따라 변화를 나타냈으며, 소립 목탄분말을 처리하였을 때 그 효과가 현저하였다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.303-311
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• 2004

The purposes of this study were to investigate characteristic changes on nonwoven fabric by the charcoal printing. It separate grind charcoal as two different size of particles 45-52${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ and 53-65${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ for hand screen printing on three kind of nonwoven fabrics. To examine the effect of charcoal printing on nonwoven fabric were to obselve surface changes by a scanning electron microscope, dyeability by using spectrophotometer, moisture regain by oven method, air permeability, anion property, deodoriration and antibacterial activity. The results were as follows： When charcoal powder concentration increased from 3 to 9％, K/S value also increased from 3.06 to 8.55. When charcoal concentration increased, moisture regain also increased. In same concentration, moisture regain occurred higher as particle of small size. Air permeability decreased when the charcoal printing concentration increased. Anion occurrence appeared 140-160ion/cc from three different kinds of nonwoven fabrics in 3％ and 9％ charcoal concentration. Therefore, occurred anion ineffectively. In concentration of 3％, rate of deodorization measured as 89％, 83％ and 87％, and 9％ concentration caused 96％, 86％ and 93％ of high deodorization. Antibacterial activity examination in nonfinished nonwoven fabric resulted range of 60％, however, 3％ and 9％ concentration finished nonwoven fabric resulted 99.9％ of excellent antibacterial activity.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.748-755
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of chitosan treatment on the dyeing of cotton fabric using charcoal as colorants. Particle size of charcoal, dyeability(K/S), SEM morphology of dyed fabrics and color fastness were also investigated. In this study, cotton fabrics were treated with a crosslinking agent epichlorohydrin in the presence of chitosan to provide the cotton fabrics the dyeing properties of natural dye by the chemical linking of chitosan to the cellulose structure. The results obtained were as follows; Mean average diameter of charcoal was 1.44 ${\mu}m$. According to various conditions, the dyeing effects of 1% chitosan treatment on the dyeing of cotton fabrics using charcoal were the highest with 10%(owb) of charcoal at $90^{\circ}C$ for 120minutes and non-treatment of cotton fabrics were the highest with 15%(owb) of charcoal at $90^{\circ}C$ for 150minutes. Overall, K/S value of 1% chitosan treatment of cotton fabrics on the natural dyeing using charcoal was higher than non-treatment of cotton fabrics. It was observed the surfaces of cotton fabrics treated with chitosan were adsorbed with charcoal powders of particle size more than a non-treated chitosan fabric by SEM. The cotton fabrics were dyed with blackish gray color by charcoal gradually according to treating chitosan. The K/S value, that is indicative of dye affinity, became higher as the increase of treated chitosan concentration. The color fastness of charcoal, washing and light fastness was excellent as 4-5 grade.

• 임산에너지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2001

국내 주요 간벌목과 목질재료 탄화물 중 성능면과 자원면을 고려하여 선정한 수 토양개량시험을 실시하여, 이들 목질폐잔재 탄화물들이 토양개량제로서의 효과와 토양개량과 관련하여 입자크기에 따른 효과에 관하여 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 서양측백 파종실험에서 토양에 목탄을 처리한 것이 무처리구보다 좋은 성장을 나타냈으며 그 중 흡착성이 좋은 잣나무탄이 가장 좋은 처리효과를 나타냈다. 칠엽수 이식실험에서도 무처리보다 목탄을 처리한 것이 좋은 길이성장을 보였다. 또한 파종 및 이식실험에서 입자의 크기에 따른 성장량의 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 사과나무 문우병에 의한 뿌리썩음 때문에 쇠약해진 사과나무에 목탄을 시용하여 수세회복의 효과를 얻었다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2007

This study was conducted the adsorption experiment way of organic wastewater (BOD, COD, TOC, T-N, T-P) by changing the carbonization temperature and the size of adsorbent to examine the adsorption capacity of Korean traditional charcoal which has similar characteristics to activated carbon of organic pollutants. Also, it was performed the basic experiment for pH and inorganic materials. As a result of observing Korean traditional charcoal with has the greatest inorganic contents which are the important factor of chemical adsorption. As the carbonization temperature was better high temperature charcoal than law temperature charcoal to adsorption capacity of pollutant and as the particle was minute (D size : $3.35mm{\sim}2.0mm$), it was most effective. The result of adsorption experiment of organic wastewater show that the elimination ratio of pollutants by bamboo high temperature charcoal was found as BOD(82.1%), COD(91.7%), TOC(52.4%), T-N(66.6%), T-P(83.2%) and it has most excellent adsorption capacity of organic pollutants.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2006

본 실험은 농약 흡착제(adsorbent)로서 입상 활성탄(활성탄 I 및 활성탄 II) 및 차콜의 사용가능성을 알아보기 위하여 흡착질(adsorbate)로 현재 골프장에서 사용하고 있는 살충제인 스미치온(Fenitrothion)과 살균제인 호리쿠어(Tebuconazole)를 대상으로 하였다. 흡착실험에서는 스미치온 및 호리쿠어의 처리 농도별 흡착에 미치는 영향과 흡착제의 입자크기가 흡착에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, 흡착실험에서는 흡착제의 입자 크기가 작을수록 높은 흡착율을 보였으며, 활성탄이 차콜에 비하여 상대적으로 높은 흡착율을 나타내었다. 그러나 스미치온의 탈착(desorption)에 관한 실험에서는 활성탄 및 차콜 모두 1200mm 이상의 강우량에서도 스미치온이 용탈되지 않았으므로, 차콜 또한 활성탄과 함께 골프장 농약 흡착제로서의 이용 가능한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2003

This research was carried out for packing materials and building materials to examine thylene gas adsorption and effect of keeping fruit fresh of wet formed charcoal-fiber mposite made from defibrated fiber of Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. and white charcoal from uercus variabilis Bl.(wood fiber: charcoal=8:2, 6:4, 4:6, 2:8), with/without phenol formaldehyde resin(PF, Non volatile content:$52\%$, resin content $1,3,5\%$). The results are summarized as follows: 1. The higher the charcoal content, the more the ethylene gas adsorption. At the same mixing ratio of fiber to charcoal, $\#100-200$ of charcoal particle size gave the better reslts than $\#60-100$. 2. Adding PF into the charcoal fiber composite decreased the capacity of ethylene gas adsorption but there was no significant difference until $5\%$ adding amount of PF. 3. For keeping fruit fresh for a long time, Charcoal fiber composite was $66\%$ longer than control. The higher the white charcoal content, the longer fresh time.