• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.1877-1880
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• 2003

We were interest in Deburring using MAF(magnetic abrasive finishing) method. So Magnetic inductor was designed and manufactured to generate proper magnetic induction fer deburring the burr formed in drilling SM45C. We experienced according to the Rotational speed, table feed rate, grain size of powder and working gap are changed to investigate the effect on deburring. At this time we experienced in abrasive effect mainly.

• Journal of Information Technology Application
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.133-147
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• 2001

This paper proposed a new algorithm for binarization and removal of noises in color images with characters and pictures. Binarization was performed by threshold which had computed with color-relationship relative to the number of pixel in background and character candidates and pre-threshold for dividing of background and character candidates in input images. The pre-threshold has been computed by the histogram of R, G, B In respect of the images, while background and character candidates of input images are divided by the above pre-threshold. As it is possible that threshold can be dynamically decided by the quantity of the noises, and the character images are maintained and the noises are removed to the maximum. And, in this study, we made the noise pattern table as a result of analysis in noise pattern included in the various color images aiming at removal of the noises from the Images. Noises included in the images can figure out Distribution by way of the noise pattern table and pattern matching itself. And then this Distribution classified difficulty of noises included in the images into the three categories. As removal of noises in the images is processed through different procedure according to the its classified difficulties, time required for process was reduced and efficiency of noise removal was improved. As a result of recognition experiments in respect of extracted characters in color images by way of the proposed algorithm, we conformed that the proposed algorithm is useful in a sense that it obtained the recognition rate in general documents without colors and pictures to the same level.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 1969

Fourty lines of F4 progenies of an Adzuki bean cross, Jukdoo (Korean local variety) X Nesumimochi (Japanese variety) were used as the material, and these lines were grown in replicated trials in 1967. Phenotypic, genotypic and environmental covariances among all possible traits of eight character are calculated as shown in table 1. Phenotypic, genotypic and environmental correlations among all possible paris of eight characters were calculated as shown in table 2. In general, genotypic correlations were higher than the corresponding phenotypic corresponding phenotypic correlations. The genotypic correlations between seed yield (grain weight per plot) and oter agronomic characters indicated that seed yield was genetically associated with the character of pod number per plant, and grain number per plant, which is closely correlated with pod number pr plant, are affected more in Adzukl bean yield than the other agronomic characteracters.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.144-151
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• 2005

This study examined food culture appearing in Giroyeon paintings in the late Chosun Dynasty (early $17^{th}{\sim}l9^{th}$ century), a period under political and economical difficulties in overcoming frustrations and looking for self-restoration methods after Imjinweran$(1592{\sim}1598)$ and Byungjahoran$(1636{\sim}1637)$. Paintings related to Giroyeon include Lee Gi-ryong's $(1600{\sim}?)$ painted in 1629 under the reign of King Injo $(1623{\sim}1649)$, painted jointly by Kim Jin-yeo et al. in 1720, the first year of King Gyeongjong $(1720{\sim}1724)$ and Kim Hong-do's painted in 1804 under the reign of King Sunjo $(1800{\sim}1834)$ in the early $19^{th}$ century. These paintings over three centuries of the late Chosun show changes in the character of Giroyeon, food culture and tableware culture, etc. According to these paintings, the character of Giroyeon was expanded from a feast held for high civil officials to a banquet comprehending general civil servants. These paintings show Hyangeumjueui, which means the decorum of respecting and sowing the aged men of virtue with alcohol beverage, table manner, seated culture represented by cushions and mats and individual-table culture. In addition, the expansion of demand for sunbaikja and chungwhabaikja and the diversification of vessels and dishes are demonstrated in Giroyeon paintings after Imjinweran in 1592. in this way, Giroyeon paintings show the historical characteristics of the late Chosun Dynasty, such as the collapse of Yangban-centered political system, the disintegration of the medieval system due to the emergence of the Silhak and the diversification of food culture.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.2364-2375
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• 1994

For the efficient recognition of printed Korean characters, a multiplexed minimum average correlation energy(MMACE) filter is proposed. Proposed method solved the disadvantages of the tree structure algorithm which recognition system is very huge and recognition method is sophisticated. Using only one consonant MMACE filter and one vowel one, we recognized the full Korean character. Each MMACE filter is multiplexed by 4 K-tuple MACE filters which are synthesized by 24 consonants and vowels. Hence the proposed MMACE filter and the correlation distribution plane are divided by 4 subregion. We obtained the binary codes for the Korean character recognition from each correlation distribution subplane. And the obtained codes are compared with the truth table for consonants and vowels in computer. We can recognize the full Korean characters when substitute the corresponded consonant or vowel font of the consistent code to the correlation peak place in the output correlation plane. The computer simulation and optical experiment results show that the proposed compact Korean character recognition system using the MMACE filters has high discrimination capability.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.3
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• pp.89-98
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• 1965

The experimental studies were intended to clarify the effects of selection, and also aimed at estimating the heritabilities, the genotypic correlations among some agronomic characters, and at calculating the selection index on some selective characters for the selection of desirable lines, under different climatic conditions. Finally practical implications of these studies, especially on the selection index, were discussed. Twenty-two varieties, determinate growing habit type, were selected at random from the 138 soybean varieties cultivated the year before, were grown in a randomized block design with three replicates at Chinju, Korea, under May and June sowing conditions. The method of estimating heritabilities for the eleven agronomic characters-flowering date, maturity date, stem length, branch numbers per plant, stem diameter, plant weight, pod numbers per plant, grain numbers per plant and 100 grain weight, shown in Table 3, was the variance components procedures in a replicated trial for the varieties. The analysis of covariance was used to obtain the genotypic correlations and phenotypic correlations among the eight characters, and the selection indexes for some agronomic characters were calculated by Robinson's method. The results are summarized as follows: Heritabilities : The experiment on the genotype-environment interaction revealed that in almost all of the characters investigated the interaction was too large to be neglected and materially affected the estimates of various genotypic parameters. The variation in heritability due to the change of environments was larger in the characters of low heritability than in those of high heritability. Heritability values of flowering date, fruiting period (days from flowering to maturity), stem length and 100 grain weight were the highest in both environments, those of yield(grain weight) and other characters were showed the lower values(Table 3). These heritability values showed a decreasing trend with the delayed sowing in the experiments. Further, all calculated heritability values were higher than anticipated. This was expected since these values, which were the broad sense heritability, contain the variance due to dominance and epistasisf in addition to the additive genetic variance. Genotypic correlations : Genotypic correlations were slightly higher than the corresponding phenotypic correlations in both environments, but the variation in values due to the change of environment appeared between grain weight and some other characters, especially an increase between grain weight and flowering date, and the total growing period(Table 6). Genotypic correlations between grain weight and other characters indicated that high seed yield was genetically correlated with late flowering, late maturity, and the other five characters namely branch numbers per plant, stem diameter, plant weight, pod numbers per plant and grain numbers per plant, but not with 100 grain weight of soybeans. Pod numbers and grain numbers per plant were more closely correlated with seed yields than with other characters. Selection index : For the comparison and the use of selection indexes in the selection, two kinds of selection indexes were calculated, the former was called selection index A and the later selection index B as shown in Table 7. Selection index A was calculated by the values of grain weight per plant as the character of yield(character Y), but the other, selection index B, was calculated by the values of pod numbers per plant, instead of grain weight per plant, as the character of yield'(character Y'). These results suggest that selection index technique is useful in soybean breeding. In reality, however, as the selection index varies with population and environment, it must be calculated in each population to which selection is applied and in each environment in which the population is located. In spite of the expected usefulness of selection index technique in soybean breeding, unsolved problems such as the expense, time and labor involved in calculating the selection index remain. For these reasons and from these experimental studies, it was recognized that in the breeding of self-fertilized soybean plants the selection for yield should be based on a more simple selection index such as selection index B of these experiments rather than on the complex selection index such as selection index A. Furthermore, it was realized that the selection index for the selection should be calculated on the basis of the data of some 3-4 agronomic characters-maturity date(X$_1$), branch numbers per plant(X$_2$), stem diameter(X$_3$) and pod numbers per plant etc. It must be noted that it should be successful in selection to select for maturity date(X$_1$) which has high heritability, and the selection index should be calculated easily on the basis of the data of branch numbers per plant(X$_2$), stem diameter(X$_3$) and pod numbers per plant, directly after the harvest before drying and threshing. These characters should be very useful agronomic characters in the selection of Korean soybeans, determinate growing habit type, as they could be measured or counted easily thus saving time and expense in the duration from harvest to drying and threshing, and are affected more in soybean yields than the other agronomic characters.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.465-480
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• 2017

This study examined the relationship between family meal time and emotional well-being for 5,186 fathers who were employed and had at least one child aged under 18 for the years 2009 and 2014 by analyzing their time diaries. In doing so, changes in time spent by fathers on family meals between 2009 and 2014 were also examined along with the factors associated with the amount of meal time for each year in order to understand ways to increase paternal participation in family meals. Analytic results showed that a father's family meal time had a positive association with his time use and life satisfaction; however, fathers who spent more than 40 minutes a day having meals with the family reported the highest score in time use and life satisfaction. The amount of time fathers spent on family meals increased from 38 minutes in 2009 to 43 minutes in 2014, whose change turned out to be mainly attributable to something more than the compositional change in the population between the two years, such as growing public awareness or cultural acceptance of the value of family meal. Fathers in dual-earner households tend to have longer family meal times; however, different factors were associated with their family meal times in 2009 and 2014. Policy implications are discussed in light of the government-initiated dining table education campaign to increase family meal time for the sake of children's character education at home.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.581-602
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• 2005

In this paper the accumulation of local damage during the cyclic loading in reinforced high-strength concrete columns is experimentally investigated. Two identical column specimens with annular cross-section and spiral reinforcement were designed and two tests, up to failure, under the action of a constant vertical concentrated force and a time-dependent concentrated horizontal force, were carried out at the LNEC shaking tables facility. Sine type signals, controlled in amplitude, frequency and time duration were used for these experiments. The concept of local damage based on local stiffness degradation is considered in detail and illustrated by experimental results. The specimens were designed and reinforced in such a way that the accumulation of damage was predicted by dominating deformations (cracking and crushing of the concrete) while the increasing of the loading values was a dominating factor of damage. It was observed that the local damage of HSC columns has exposed their anisotropic local behaviour. The damage accumulation was slightly different from the expected in accordance with the continuum damage concept, and a partial random character was observed.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.1102-1113
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• 2018

Vibrotactile feedback is widely used in designing non-visual interactions on mobile phones, such as message notification, non-visual reading, and blind use. In this work, novel vibrotactile codes are presented to implement a non-visual text reading system for mobile phones. The 26 letters of the English alphabet are formed in an index table with four rows and seven columns, and each letter is mapped using the codes of vibrations. Two kinds of vibrotactile codes are designed with the actuator's on and off states and with specific lengths (short and long) assigned to each state. To improve the efficiency of tactile perception and user satisfaction, three user experiments are conducted. The first experiment explores the maximum number of continuous vibrations and minimum vibration time of the actuator's on and off states that the human can perceive. The second experiment determines the minimum interval between continuous vibrations. The vibrotactile reading system is designed and evaluated in the third experiment according to the results of the two preceding experiments. Results show that the character reading accuracy reaches 91.7% and the character reading speed is approximately 617.8 ms. Our method has better reading efficiency and is easier to learn than the traditional Braille coding method.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.11
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• pp.67-70
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• 1997

In this paper, we evaluated the character of speech of hearing impaired person (HIP) who acquire his hearing loss after the youth. It is usually observed that severe HIP decreased not only speech perception but also vocalization. so there is a need for sensitive and quantitative measures or the assesment of the speech of the HIP to serve both diagnostic and prognosic purposes, 7 HIP and 12 normal hearing person(NHP) were studied with pure tone test and speaking test using word/sentence table which consists of vowel(a:), mono and two syllables and a sentence. we analyzed formant frequency, pitch, sound intensity, speech duration of HIP and NHP speech. According to the results, in the HIP's speech we find that formant frequency was shifted, first-formant prominence was reduced, the dynamic range of sound intensity was decreased, speech duration was prolonged. In the next, we expect the correlation between hearing and speech character of HIP is cleared through analysis of more acoustic parameters and precise selection of HIP group.