• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2008.05a
• /
• pp.666-669
• /
• 2008

A number of intrusion detection systems have been developed to detect intrusive activity on individual hosts and networks. The systems developed rely almost exclusively on a software approach to intrusion detection analysis and response. In addition, the network systems developed apply a centralized approach to the detection of intrusive activity. The problems introduced by this approach are twofold. First the centralization of these functions becomes untenable as the size of the network increases.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2011.06a
• /
• pp.344-347
• /
• 2011

In this paper, we propose the power control problem for cognitive radio networks (CRNs) that maximizes the total utility of the secondary users (SUs). We use the interference temperature constraints to protect the primary users (PUs). The utility functions of SUs can be any increasing functions. We formulate the power control problem as monotonic optimization that can be solved in centralization to achieve the global optimum.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.45-51
• /
• 1997

Korea dairy industry is placed on the very critical situation with the progression of free trade marketing system internationally. The sterilized milk or pasteurized extended shelf life milk can be considered as the international trade dairy products. Now all dairy foods would be selling in international market. To keep and improve our dairy foods market, the Korea dairy system improvement committee was inaugurated in 1995. This committee has done so many works to improve or dairy system such as the settlement of raw milk supply and demand, centralization of raw milk collection, ideal raw milk price system and dairy foods marketing structure, etc.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2004.10a
• /
• pp.1219-1222
• /
• 2004

JP freight railway have national network, but to conduct management and work effectively, they need to improve communication infra and centralization of mainstay system. So in this study, the conversion of Host system into Server system and network terminal sharing according to plural system. Besides, to achieve more higher information from a new angle, IT Innovation office was inaugurated. In this study, new method will be considered to correspond administrative high-tech. for example ' E-business of freight station ', ' E-freight train ', ' Information service using IT '

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2002.05a
• /
• pp.86-93
• /
• 2002

This parer studies the efficiency of the logistics policy which can be secured for the international competitiveness in Korea. In addition, we examine the present problems of logistics policy and propose the direction of the policy in the future. In conclusion, the logistics policy in Korea leave much to be desired in the point of centralization, specialization, and efficiency. We will have to improve these points in priority.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2004.10a
• /
• pp.136-138
• /
• 2004

대부분의 Ontology를 이용한 이미지 검색 시스템들은 중앙 집중적(Centralization)으로 구성되어 있어, 단일, 소수의 이미지 제공자의 특화된 Semantic기반의 이미지 검색을 제공한다. 이에 반해 간단한 구조물 가진 메타데이터 기반의 분산 이미지 검색 시스템들은 이미지 제공자들의 자율성을 보장하기 용의 하지만, Semantic 기반의 이미지 검색을 제공하지 못한다. 본 논문은 위 시스템들의 단점들을 극복하기 위해 다양한 이미지 제공자들의 자율성을 보장하면서, Semantic 기반의 이미지 검색을 지원하는 프레임워크의 아키텍쳐를 제안한다.

• Korean journal of communication and information
• /
• v.41
• /
• pp.181-199
• /
• 2008

Many studies analyzing local newspapers' crisis overlooked what a dominant determinant was. Local Newspaper promotion policy might not be effective due to lack of such studies. This study divided main determinants into four; centralization of administrative power, potential advertising market, potential subscribers market, and competition within local newspapers. The results regressing above four determinants on local news portion showed that only two determinants - potential advertising market and competition within local newspapers are statistically significant but the direction is opposite; potential ads market is negative but competition is positive. It can be understood that the market with enough ads market for survival of local newspapers drives them to compete national newspapers by lowering local news.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.195-203
• /
• 2014

This study selects factors affecting form type of hospital architecture by considering studies and references on hospital architecture type in korea and other countries in general. Also this study classifies general hospitals chronologically and analyzes type change of general hospitals in relation with periodic change of healthcare environment. Through this, this study aims to analyze chronological change of general hospitals' form type and provide the current of hospital architecture's general type. The form type classification of this study is classification according to the form of ward, classification according to the relationship between ward and D.T.D(Diagnostic and Treatment department), classification according to the relationship between O.P.D(Out Patient department) and D.T.D, classification according to the rate of centralization, classification according to the circulation system. The form type of ward changed from plate type to tower type, and the circulation system of ward changed from middle corridor to double corridor, the number of Team Nursing chaged from 1 to 2 in 1990. On the other hand the chage of others classifications took place from 1990' to 2010'. It is judged that this overall change is appeared by a change from an inpatien-oriented system to an outpatient-oriented system followed by an increase in number of outpatients, an increase in amenities in ground floor and adoption of healing environment for patients and visitors.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.60 no.1
• /
• pp.159-185
• /
• 2008

The balance between centralization (power concentrated nationally) and decentralization (power devolved to local government) is a perennial issue in the field of social welfare administration. In the design of social welfare administration, values and assumptions related to decentralization and centralization generally are expressed in choices concerning pluralism versus uniformity, small versus large. In this context, this article tried to find and analyze the problems of financial decentralization of social welfare pursued by No Moo-hyun government. The decentralization of social welfare caused horizontal inequity between local governments, lack of social welfare finance of local government, and impediment of local government finance autonomy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.48 no.5
• /
• pp.311-317
• /
• 2015

Background: Robotic surgery is an alternative to minimally invasive surgery. The aim of this study was to report on current trends in robotic thoracic and cardiovascular surgical techniques in Korea. Methods: Data from the National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA) between January 2006 and June 2012 were used in this study, including a total of 932 cases of robotic surgeries reported to NECA. The annual trends in the case volume, indications for robotic surgery, and distribution by hospitals and surgeons were analyzed in this study. Results: Of the 932 cases, 591 (63%) were thoracic operations and 340 (37%) were cardiac operations. The case number increased explosively in 2007 and 2008. However, the rate of increase regained a steady state after 2011. The main indications for robotic thoracic surgery were pulmonary disease (n=271, 46%), esophageal disease (n=199, 34%), and mediastinal disease (n=117, 20%). The main indications for robotic cardiac surgery were valvular heart disease (n=228, 67%), atrial septal defect (n=79, 23%), and cardiac myxoma (n=27, 8%). Robotic thoracic and cardiovascular surgeries were performed in 19 hospitals. Three large volume hospitals performed 94% of the case volume of robotic cardiac surgery and 74% of robotic thoracic surgery. Centralization of robotic operation was significantly (p<0.0001) more common in cardiac surgery than in thoracic surgery. A total of 39 surgeons performed robotic surgeries. However, only 27% of cardiac surgeons and 23% of thoracic surgeons performed more than 10 cases of robotic surgery. Conclusion: Trend analysis of robotic and cardiovascular operations demonstrated a gradual increase in the surgical volume in Korea. Meanwhile, centralization of surgical cases toward specific surgeons in specific hospitals was observed.