• 천문학회보
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.33.2-33.2
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• 2018

Fossil galaxy cluster has a dominant central elliptical galaxy (${\Delta}M12$ >2 in 0.5Rvir) embedded in highly relaxed X-ray halo, which indicates dynamically stable and passively evolved system. These features are expected as a final stage of the cluster evolution in the hierarchical structure formation paradigm. It is known that Abell 2261(A2261 hereafter) is classified as a fossil cluster, but has unusual features such as a high central X-ray entropy (i.e., non-cool core system), which is not expected in normal fossil clusters. We perform a kinematic study with a spectroscopic data of 589 galaxies in the A2261 field. We define cluster member galaxies using the caustic method and discover a new second bright galaxy at ~1.5 Rvir (nearly the splash-back region). It implies the current fossil state of the cluster can break in the near future. In addition, with three independent substructure finding methods, we find that A2261 has many substructures within 3 Mpc from the center of the cluster. These findings support that A2261 is not in a dynamically stable state. We argue that A2261 is in a transitional phase of dynamical evolution of the galaxy cluster and maybe previously defined fossil cluster does not mean the final stage of the evolution of galaxy clusters.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1992

Dwelling house is not only simple shelter but the space involves symbolic feature of myth, religion and ritual. Through this study, compared the Shamanistic ritual space with that of Confucianism in the traditional dwelling houses in korea. The results are as follows: 1) Generally, the symbolism of 'Enthusiasm of Universe' and 'Central Idea' are similar, but 'the object of worship', 'the content of ritual' and 'background' are different. The Shamanistic ritual space is 'Sacred space'. and that of Confucialism is 'respect Space'. 2) As the character of space, Shamanistic ritual space is 'articulated space' and have tendency to seperate from the world. On the other hand, Confucion ritual space is integrated space and have tendency to extend by the feature and scale of the ritual. 3) Examing the supervisor of ritual, woman(housewife) is the center of shamanistic ritual space and man(house holder) is the center of Confucion ritual space.

• 대한심미치과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.28-31
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• 1998

It is difficult to make an artificial central incisor similar to natural tooth. All ceramic porcelain of this patient is not esthetic, and there is gingival recession due to ill-fitted margin. She has class II division 1 occlusion, so upper central incisors is labioversed. Upper light central incisor is well-characterized but the yellowish brown color of dentin is appeared on the incisal third portion of the central incisor. At 1st trial, the shape and characterization of restoration is good but shade is little dark. At 2nd trial, the shape is better but patient complained on black triangle of mid interdental space, so mesiocervical portion of restoration is overcontoured to compromise the black triangle. Completed metal ceramic crown is in harmony with the adjacent central incisor in aspect of shape, shade, and characterization.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.2315-2319
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• 2012

To improve the performance of $LiFePO_4F$, a novel sol-gel process is developed. For comparison, ceramic process is also implemented. From X-ray diffraction results we know that each sample adopts a triclinic $P{\bar{1}}$ space group, and they are isostructural with amblygonite and tavorite. The scanning electron microscope images show that the homogeneous grains with the dimension of 300-500 nm is obtained by the sol-gel process; meanwhile the sample particles obtained by ceramic process are as big as 1000-3000 nm. By galvanostatic tests and at electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method, the sample obtained by sol-gel process presents better electrochemical properties than the one obtained by ceramic process.

• 천문학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.105-105
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• 2009

• 천문학회보
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.33-33
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• 2003

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제36권
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• pp.37-57
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• 1987

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2016

The paper takes the rural housings of the Chaoxian nationality of Ham-kyeongdo in the three provinces in Northeast China as research object, to discuss the spatial form andthe characteristic of the change in the housing. The research result shows that the dwellings' plane forms in the Tumen River, the coast of Yalu River and the Sino Russian border are mainly traditional "Jeong-ji central type (J)", while in Heilongjiang are mainly "Jeong-ji and corridor central type (J-C)". In the evolution of living space and behavior patterns, there appears sliding door and partition between Jeongjibang and kitchen in the former, and Badang space in the front of the Kang and the behavior pattern remains its original seat-type lifestyle mainly. While there forms Dikang space and living space in the process of different cultures blend and modernization in the later and appears some upright-type behavior patterns. There is distinct characteristic in regional changes in both.

• 음성과학
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• 제6권
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• pp.33-44
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• 1999

This paper aims to analyze whether the phenomenon of /u/$\rightarrow$/i/ is a hypercorrection or not in the North Korean dialects. Most North Koreans pronounce /i/(gold) as /kum/ because the vowel /i/ merges into the peripheral vowel space of /u/ in their dialects. The merger of back vowel is one of most distinctive characters in North Korean dialects. But some speakers pronounce /chubann/(exile) as /chiban/. This time /u/ in peripheral space moves to /i/ in central vowel space. It seems that the vowels /i/ and /u/ exchange places with each other when they uttered in North Korean. Though it was observed that the vowel movement of /i/$\rightarrow$/u/ was caused by the merger of back vowels, the reason why vowel /u/ moves in the opposite direction, that is, the central space of vowel /i/ has not been analyzed yet. This experiment starts with hypothesis that the movement of /u/$\rightarrow$/i/ might be caused by hypercorrection. The first step of this research is to analyze /u/$\rightarrow$/i/ pronunciation of North Koreans. The second step is to compare the results of North Korean pronunciation with those of South Korean pronunciation and observe whether tendency of /u/$\rightarrow$/i/pronunciation can also be found in the standard Seoul dialect and other South Korean dialects.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.298-303
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• 2008

PMV, $CO_2$ and the energy consumption performance were numerically investigated in a large space with air-conditioning systems of four type. The numerical results showed that thermal comforts in the occupied zone are nearly similar in three systems except 3-way wall type system air-conditioner with ventilation system installed 2.2m height from the bottom. In case of 3-way wall type system air-conditioner the energy consumption for cooling loads was reduced about 25.5% compared to other air-conditioning systems. From the viewpoint of IAQ, it was turned out that system air-conditioner with ventilation system became worse about 20% compared to central air-conditioning systems for cooling load. The PMV, $CO_2$ concentration and energy consumption of all systems for heating loads were similar in a large space considered.