• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.65-72
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• 2008

Therefore about the city research the research will be necessary from historical time. Are not adapted to a finally new situation the functions atrophy and they change, the different city function creating, they do. Specially, the time according to becoming, becomes the axial oneself more city intensive painter, or, in the city which extends the territory, compares the process which is special historically and the change which change etc. is various is rough (Japanese colonial time) with the atrophy which illustrates shows From the research which sees consequently (1) The background which the central area of the city comes to build and tries to analyze the features which changes from the cities and social viewpoints. And (2) Tries to investigate the city system which comes to make from the process which is special is a Japanese colonial time, Also (3) About movement of the process which the city central area which happens from that place comes to build and the city central area searches. With being like that, Space Syntax where uses from the research which sees makes the result which leads with objective the ground and the reporter comparison to analyze with social causes together does.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.16
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• pp.6973-6976
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• 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate the one-year survival rate of patients with primary malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumors after surgical treatment in Kazakhstan. Retrospective data of patients undergoing operations in the Department of Central Nervous System Pathology in the JSC National Centre for Neurosurgery in the period from 2009 to 2011 were used as the research material. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed with the following information: gender, date of birth, place of residence, diagnosis according to ICD-10, the date of the operation, the morphological type of tumor, clinical stage, state at the end of the first year of observation, and the date of death. The study was approved by the ethical committee of the JSC National Centre for Neurosurgery. The overall one-year overall survival rate (n=152) was 56.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 50.2-62.7), and 79.5% (95% CI 72.2-86.8) and 33.1% (95% CI: 21.0-42.3) for Grades I-II (n=76) and Grades III-IV (n=76), respectively. Significant prognostic factors which affected the survival rate were age and higher tumor grade (Grades III-IV), corresponding with results described elsewhere in the world.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.49-57
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• 2021

Purpose: In this study, we try to figure out the appropriate size of commercial districts in the original downtown area through empirical studies targeting the Jinju Central Commercial Area in Gyeongnam and Cheonan Station in Chungnam, which are trying to regenerate a specific space that has been lost through government projects. Research design, data and methodology: The current status and characteristics of the shopping district were examined through on-site surveys of the central business district of Jinju, Gyeongnam Province, and Cheonan Station, Chungnam Province, and the size of the empty stores was determined. In addition, the standard median income was used as the survey data along with the survey of the mobile population in the commercial area. Result: The analysis result shows that 883 stores should be maintained considering the overall expenditure and gross sales profit within Cheonan Station in South Chungcheong Province. Currently, considering spending and margins in the Commercial Area, Jinju Central Commercial Area is a place where 222 stores can be sold excessively, and a proper commercial supply plan is needed. Conclusions: In this study, we conducted a demand prediction study in the commercial sector of the most basic sector to regenerate the commercial sector through major regional commercial districts.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.6.1-6.9
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• 2019

Understanding the role of the microbiome in human health and how it can be modulated is becoming increasingly relevant for preventive medicine and for the medical management of chronic diseases. The development of high-throughput sequencing technologies has boosted microbiome research through the study of microbial genomes and allowing a more precise quantification of microbiome abundances and function. Microbiome data analysis is challenging because it involves high-dimensional structured multivariate sparse data and because of its compositional nature. In this review we outline some of the procedures that are most commonly used for microbiome analysis and that are implemented in R packages. We place particular emphasis on the compositional structure of microbiome data. We describe the principles of compositional data analysis and distinguish between standard methods and those that fit into compositional data analysis.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.20-26
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• 2016

When the fire takes place in Nuclear Powr Plants(NPPs), the reactor should achieve and maintain safe shut-down conditions and minimize the radioactive material released to the environment. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has issued numerous generic communications related to fire protection over the past 20 years, after it issued its requirements in the Fire Protection Rule set forth in Title 10, Section 50.48 of the Code of Federal Regulations (10 CFR 50.48) and Appendix R to the 10 CFR 50. The and Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI) has developed a Methodology for Risk Informed Fire Safe-Shutdown Analysis, which is related to the Deterministic Method for Multiple Spurious Operations solutions. The aim of this study was to identify, achieve, and maintain Post-Fire Safe-Shutdown of the Main Control Room (MCR) of the CANDU reactor, even though one train of the multiple Safety Structures, Systems, and Components (SCCs) fail by the technical specification and analysis method.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.43-50
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• 2011

Activation of conventional market in small town is important in the reinvigoration of local economy as an economical center. The revitalization of local economy is closely related to the fosterage of conventional market. So the local government is trying to activate the market. However, the projects for the activation of conventional market are mostly centered on the modernization of facilities which is carried out at urban districts. Those facilities-centered plans, being carried out at urban district, lack the consideration of the peculiarities of rural districts and the regional conditions of the conventional market in small towns. And some projects for the modernization of facilities produce negative results. Especially the conventional market in small town shows a spatial structure of a five-day market and a market place and it was influenced by the spatial relationship between the permanent market and periodic market. So analyses on the spatial lay-out and form, store facilities, spatial distribution of types of business, spatial utilization on market place are needed to improve the physical environment of the conventional market. In this context, the study analyzed systematically the space of an old and lagged Hongseong conventional market located in central district of a small town. And It is expected that the results use as a basic data to establish effective space improvement plan for conventional market in small town.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2017

This paper is a study of the central structural unit model of the sandwich core structure. The applied model is based on the honeycomb structure formed by the truss, the H-shaped honeycomb structure formed by adding the truss of H shape to the space of the center portion, and the honeycomb structure formed by the plate. Applied material property is AISI 304 stainless steel, which has cost effectiveness and easy to get near place. The truss diameter of the model is three different type: 1mm, 2mm and 3mm. ABAQUS software is obtained to do the analysis and applied test is quasi-static loading. Boundary conditions for the analysis are that vertical direction loading at top place without any rotation and bottom surface is fixed. The test results show that the H-truss model has the highest stiffness and yield strength. Therefore, it is hoped that more and more researching for the development of a unit model in sandwich core structure has been investigating and that the developed sandwich core model can be applied into various industrial fields such as mechanical or aerospace industries.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.329-341
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• 2001

The purpose of this study focused on the distribution of crimes in Cheongju City. This study emphasized the characteristics of place and spatial pattern of crime in Central Business District(CBD). The crime core areas were delineated and explained through land-use based on fieldwork and GIS analysis For this aim. the police crime data of Cheongju Dongbu(east). Seobu(west) for 1998 were collected In which 3.909 indictable or similar offenses were reported. In this study, Included climes are murder. rape, robbery. arson, theft, burglary, assault and vandalism. Because theme crimes are related with site-specific crime. As a result. land-use patterns are often related to specific type of offenses. The climes in Cheongju City were concentrated in the CBD Most crimes were assaults and thefts Crime areas can be classified by the age of the offender Around Chungang and Pungmul Market in the CBD. the offender＇s ages were 30-50 dominantly Assaults and thefts were concentrated in Songan-gil(street). which is a place teen-ages and youngsters meet frequently The result of the buffering analysis with roads, explained 40% of crime within a 30m buffer area( including both sides) of a principal road The rest of the climes mainly occurred in the vicinity of narrow streets and alleys.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.42
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• pp.41.1-41.11
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• 2020

Background: Orthognathic surgery such as bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) for the treatment of mandibular deformities is one of the most common procedures in maxillofacial operations that may lead to neurosensory disturbance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on augmenting recovery of neurosensory disturbance of inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) in patients who underwent BSSRO surgery. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted by two independent authors in PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar electronic databases. Besides, a manual search of all textbooks and relevant articles were conducted. Searches took place in August 2020 and were limited to published and peer-reviewed articles from 2000 to 2020. All analysis was performed using the comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) and the STATA MP (version:16) software. The weighted mean difference (WMD) using the inverse variance method and the standard mean difference (SMD) was considered for continuous variables. Results: Seventy-four papers were retrieved after removing duplicate studies and finally, eight studies were assessed for qualitative synthesis and five for meta-analysis. Totally, 94 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Based on the meta-analysis, it was shown that LLLT was not effective in a short interval (0 to 48 h) after surgery, but in a period of more than 1 month after surgery, the positive results of treatment can be observed strikingly. Also, LLLT side/group showed no significant difference in some aspects of neurosensory recovery such as thermal sensation compared to the placebo side/group. Conclusions: The meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials revealed that LLLT generally improves IAN sensory disturbance caused by BSSRO. Further high-quality clinical trials with longer follow-up periods and larger sample sizes are recommended.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.81-88
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• 2010

This study compared the feasibility of utilizing a wood bioenergy system over a conventional central heating and cooling system and a cogeneration system in an apartment complex. The performance of the three systems were compared in the following areas: energy consumption, environmental impact(output of CO2, CH4, and N2O), and life cycle cost. The results showed that energy performance of the wood bioenergy system was similar to the conventional central system (just a 1% improvement) but the cogeneration system showed a 12% reduction in energy consumption compared to the conventional system. In terms of environmental impact, the bioenergy system reduced pollutants by 50% while the cogeneration system reduced pollutants by 30% compared to the conventional system. Life cycle cost analysis indicated bioenergy and cogeneration to have an 8% and 19% improvement over the conventional system. The findings of the study suggest that it is both economically and environmentally beneficial to use a wood bioenergy system in place of a conventional central heating and cooling system in apartment complexes.