• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.23 no.4 s.75
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• pp.340-347
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• 1995

Polysaccharide FHW was extracted from the fruiting bodies of Fomitella fraxinea with hot-water treatment and then fractionated into FHW-I and FHW-II on DEAE-Cellulose chromatography. FHW-I and FCW-II were further purified into FHW-Ia and Ib, FHW-IIa and IIb on gel permeation chromatography, respectively. A small amount of uronic acid was detected and glucose, galactose, fucose, and mannose were found to be main sugars in the polysaccharides. Protein was detected in FHW-Ia, FHW-IIa, and FHW-IIb, but not in FHW-Ib. FHW-Ia was identified to be a fuco-gluco-mannogalactan with molecular weight of 19,000 and FHW-Ib was a gluco-fuco-mannogalactan of 15,000. FHW-IIa and FHW-IIb were galacto-mannoglucan and their molecular weights were estimated to be 31,000 and 9,000, respectively. Both FHW-Ib and FHW-IIb did not show an absorption band characteristic of the ${\beta}-glycosidic$ linkage in IR spectra. FHW-IIb showed a strong immuno-stimulating activity but the other three polysaccharides showed a weak activity.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 1986

The properties of carboxyl proteinase which was contained in Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf were investigated by means of the purification with 0.65 ammonium sulfate saturation, DEAE cellulose and Sephadex G-75 gel filtration. This enzyme was found to hydrolyze only peptide bond between glutamyl-L-tyrosine of carbobenzoxy-L-glutamyl-L-tyrosine among the synthetic substrates of carbobenzoxy-L-glutamyl-L-tyrosine, hippuryl- L-phenylalanine and hippuryl-L-arginine. This enzyme was inhibited by $Zn^{+2},\;Fe^{+2},\;Ca^{+2},\;CN^{-1},\;P_2O_7^{-4}$ ions, but stimulated by $Hg^{+2}$ ion. Also, this enzyme was inhibited by organic compounds such as L-lysine, L-phenylalanine, hippuryl-L-phenylalanine, diazoacetyl-DL-norleucine methyl ester (DAN) and 1,2-epoxy-3-(P-nitrophenoxy)propane(EPNP). In particular, the activity was inhibited by L-lysine till 20 minutes of preincubation time rapidly, and by DAN in the presence of $Cu^{+2}$ ion more rapidly after 30 minutes than DAN in the absence of $Cu^{+2}$ ion. L-Lysine was found to be a competitive inhibitor and its $K_i$ value was determined to be 0.12 mmole by Dixon plot.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.235-239
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• 1994

Viral RNA was extracted from purified Chinese cabbage strain of turnip mosaic virus (TuMV-Ca) from infected leaves of turnip. Polyadenylated genomic viral RNA was recovered by oligo (dT) cellulose column chromatography and used as a template for the synthesis of complementary DNA (cDNA). Recombinant plasmids contained cDNA ranged from about 900 bp to 2, 450 bp were synthesized. Among the selected 41 transformants, pTUCA31 and pTUCA35 had over 2 Kbp cDNA insert. Restriction endonuclease patterns of the clones examined were very similar among them. Clones pTUCA23 and pTUCA31 were overlapped with pTUA35. The longest clone pTUCA35, encoding 3'-end, showed that it contained two sites for EcoRI, and one site for BamHI, ClaI, HincII, SacI and XbaI, respectively. The restriction mapping indicated that the clone pTUCA35 contained partial nuclear inclusion body gene, complete coding region of the coat protein and 3' untranslated region of TuMV-Ca genomic RNA.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.255-259
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• 1993

Chitobiase from Aeromonas salmonicida YA7-625 was purified from culture broth through ammonium sulfate precipitation, chitin affinity adsorption, hydroxylapatite column chromatography and gel filtration, with 47.2% yield and 31.5 fold purity. The molecular weight of purified chitobiase was 15,000 daltons, and the chitobiase showes maximum activity at the condition of at $40^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.0. The effects of various metal ions and inhibitors show thatcystein, glutamic acid, serine, tryptophan, and tyrosine residues seem to be concerned in chitobiase activity.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.287-292
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• 2005

The crude polysaccharides(C-CPF, C-CPM, C-CPB) derived from fruiting body, mycelia and mycelia free broth of cordyceps militaris were obtained by ethanol precipitation of hot water extracts. After a batch fermentation of C. militaris was carried out in a 5 L jar vessel, endo-polysaccharide and exo-polysaccharide were obtained. They were demonstrated as the hetero polysaccharides which were composed of glucsose, galactose and mannose by performed with HPAEC(high pH anion exchange chromatography) and conformation of random coil by its complex forming ability with congo red reagent. They were purified by ion exchange (DEAE-cellulose) and gel filtration chromatography. They were monitered by phenol-sulfuric acid method and Bradford method. The NO induction activities of crude polysaccharides and purified polysaccharides derived from mycelia free broth were enhanced rather than LPS(lipo polysaccharide) which was used as a general NO inducer. These effects presumably contibute to the antitumor activities. The homogenieties and molecular weights of polysaccharides were determined by using Sepharose CL-6B. The yield, molecular weights and NO induction activities of C-CPFN Fr.III, C-CPMN Fr.III, C-CPBN Fr.II were 0.387, 0.408 and 0.153, 127 K 210 K and 36 K, 40.79%, 88.72%, and 104.17%, respectively.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.71-74
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• 1999

The crude enzyme prepared from the culture supernantant of Arthrobacter sp. S37 was purified by Phenyl Toyopearl column chromatography. Six endo-inulinases were detected by activity staining on native PAGE and named Inu I to Inu VI. Endo-inulinase were further purified by DEAE cellulose column chromatography and band slicing. Inu II~VI produced mainly inulotriose (F3) and inulotetraose (F4) as well as a small amount of inulobiose (F2) and fructose in contrast to Inu I producing F3, F4 and F5 from inulin. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of native and six CNBr-cleaved fragment of Inu VI were determined. No homology was found in amino acid sequences between Inu VI and other fructan hydrolase including invertase reported.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.566-572
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• 2009

Lentinus edodes is a well-known edible and medicinal mushroom used in Oriental cultures. Recently, L. edodes has attracted a lot of attention owing to its antifungal activity, antibacterial activity, antiviral activity, hepatoprotective effect, antitumor activities, and immunomodulatory and cytotoxic effects. In this study, the water-soluble crude polysaccharides, CPF and CPB, which were obtained from the fruiting body and culture cell-free broth of L. edodes by hot-water extraction and ethanol precipitation, were fractionated by DEAE cellulose and Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography, resulting in six polysaccharide fractions, CPFN-G-I, CPFN-G-II, CPFN-G-III, CPFA-G, CPBN-G, and CPBA-G Among these fractions, CPFN-G-I, CPBN-G, and CPBA-G were shown to stimulate the functional activation of macrophages including NO production, cytokine expression, and phagocytosis.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.108-111
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• 2006

The effect of Kundur (oleo-gum resin of Boswellia serrata) and its fractions viz: methanol soluble (MS) and methanol insoluble (MI) were investigated on mercuric chloride induced nephrotoxicity in rats. The animals of group I and II were administered with 1% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (1,000 mg/kg, p.o.) and the animals of groups III, IV and V were administered with Kundur (1,000 mg/kg, p.o.), MS (650 mg/kg, p.o.) and MI (350 mg/kg, p.o.) respectively for ten days. On 10th day a single dose of the mercuric chloride (3 mg/kg, 5.c.) was also administered to all groups except the group I which received only 1% CMC (10 ml/kg, p.o.). After two days of mercuric chloride administration the blood samples of each animal were collected and analyzed for blood urea nitrogen and creatinine concentration. Rats fed with Kundur and MI fraction showed a significant prevention in the rise of serum markers while MS failed to prevent the rise of these serum makers. These results suggest that Kundur and MI fraction may have potential to reduce the nephrotoxicity in rats.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.350-358
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• 1998

The antimutagenic and anticancer activities of glycoprotein(GP) and chondroitin sulfate(CS) from sea cucumbers were studied using Ames mutagenicity test and human cancer cells culture test. The GP's inhibitory effect toward aflatoxin B1(AFB1) and 3, 2'-dimethyl-4-amino-biphenyl(DMAB) increased with the higher added concentrations up to 5% level(w/w) regardless fractionation methods. The GP from sea cucumbers through DEAE-cellulose column chromatography showed an inhibitory effect ranged from 84 to 98%, and the maximum antimutagenicities resulted in red sea cucumber with 98% (AFB1) and 95% (DMAB). But 5% level of CS from various sea cucumbers had an inhibitory effect toward those both indirect mutagens ranged from 79% to 85%. However, in case of direct mutagens(N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, MNNG and 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide, 4-NQO), the GP's inhibitory effect was 55∼78% and the CS had a low inhibitory effect(58∼70%) at the added level of 5%. The GP from sea cucumbers exhibited the strong inhibitory effects with 89∼95% and 82∼92% on the growth of HT-29 human crcinoma cells and AZ-521 human gastric cancer cells (at 5% level).

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.105-110
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• 1972

A cellulosse acetate electrophoretic survey of Korean Anura has revealed the presence of diverse lactate and malate dehydrogenase (LDH and MDH) isozymes. The pattern of LDH and MDH isozymes in the tissues of the central nervous system of the six species of Anura examined are species specific and differ from those of mammals and birds. Both Rana nigromaculata nigromaculata and Rana nigromaculata coreana have two molecular forms of LDH and MDH, respectively, with almost the same pattern. Whole brain homogenate of Rana temporaria shows also a maximum of only two LDH isozymes. Both Bufo bufo asiaticus and Bombina orientalis have five molecular forms of LDH with an entirely different spacing on the zymograms, whereas Rana rugosa has three. Two molecular forms of MDH are present in all animals examined and one band is shown in olfactory lobe and mixture of cerebellum and medulla oblongata of Rana nigromaculata nigromaculata.