• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.20 no.12
• /
• pp.198-204
• /
• 2003

The bone fracture healing is simulated by using one of the complex system rules, named cellular automata method. It is assumed that each cell has property of Bone, Cartilage or Fibrous connective tissue. Nine local rules are adopted to change the property of each cell against the mechanical stimulus, which consists of the strain energy density, and the existence of bone in the surroundings. Two dimensional sheep metatarsal model is considered and the bone fracture healing is simulated. The simulation results agree well with those obtained by using fuzzy logic model and experimental data. The cellular automata method found to be one of the simulation methods to express the bone fracture healing. The cellular automata method is expected to be effective in representing biological phenomenon.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.46 no.7
• /
• pp.23-32
• /
• 2004

A spatial simulation model for rural and urban sprawl phenomena was developed with GIS and cellular automata techniques. The model finds out built-up areas invading toward rural areas required for development of existing urban area. Probability of land use change for optimizing the development area was determined using a land suitability analysis method interfaced with GIS methods, based on several criteria in terms of geographic and accessibility factors such as slope of land and distance from city center. Weighting values of the criteria were quantified by an analytic hierarchy process method. For model applicability test, the parameters of criteria were calibrated based on the changes in time series land use data of the test city for 1986, 1996, and 2000, which were classified by remote sensing techniques. Simulated and observed areas in land use maps for city shape of 1996 showed good similarities with each other through a morphology verification method. The model enabled us to evaluate the spatial expansion phenomena of cities considering boundary conditions, and also to simulate land use planning for rural areas in urban fringe.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.66-70
• /
• 2008

The propagation of a mixed-mode crack in soda-lime silica glass is modeled by movable cellular automata (MCA). In this model, a special fracture criterion is used to describe the process of crack initiation and propagation. The results obtained using the MCA criterion are compared to those obtained from other crack initiation criteria, The crack resistance curves and bifurcation angles are determined for various loading angles. The MCA results are in close agreement with results obtained using the maximum circumferential tensile stress criterion.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.284-287
• /
• 2012

Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is one of the few alternative computing platforms that has the potential to be a promising technology because of higher speed, smaller size, and lower power consumption in comparison with CMOS technology. This letter proposes an optimized full comparator for implementation in QCA. The proposed design is compared with previous works in terms of complexity, area, and delay. In comparison with the best previous full comparator, our design has 64% and 85% improvement in cell count and area, respectively. Also, it is implemented with only one clock cycle. The obtained results show that our full comparator is more efficient in terms of cell count, complexity, area, and delay compared to the previous designs. Therefore, this structure can be simply used in designing QCA-based circuits.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1998.07g
• /
• pp.2193-2196
• /
• 1998

Cellular automata are dynamical systems in which space and time are discrete, where each cell has a finite number of states and updates its states by interactive rules among the cell-neighborhood. From the characteristics of self-reproduction and self- organization, it is possible to create a neural network which has the specific patterns or structures dynamically. CAM-Brain is a kind of such neural network system which evolves its structure by adopting evolutionary computations like genetic algorithms (GA). In this paper, we suggest the evolution strategies for the structure of neural networks based on cellular automata.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.315-320
• /
• 2010

Classifying multi-class pattern plays an important role in grouping of records in database systems, detection of faults in the VLSI circuits and so on. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for the construction of multi-class pattern classifier with minimum memory capacity using MACA(Multiple Attractor Cellular Automata) and the subspace concept for given multi-class patterns.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.7 no.7
• /
• pp.1551-1555
• /
• 2003

This paper describes the extraction method for cerebro-region using cellular automata from the cerebrum MR images. The cerebro-region extracted from applying the cellular automata rules obtained from histogram distribution analysis after removing the background image from the cerebro-region by determining the critical value. The experiment results showed that PSNR is 42㏈ on the image quality and the correlation factor is estimated 98%. And the result can be used as the medical auto-diagnostics system of cerebrum.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.44 no.1
• /
• pp.155-167
• /
• 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new paradigm that connects physical and virtual objects from various domains such as home automation, industrial processes, human health, and monitoring. IoT sensors receive information from their environment and forward it to their neighboring nodes. However, the large amounts of exchanged data are vulnerable to attacks that reduce the network performance. Most of the previous security methods for IoT have neglected the energy consumption of IoT, thereby affecting the performance and reducing the network lifetime. This paper presents a new multistep routing protocol based on cellular learning automata. The network lifetime is improved by a performance-based adaptive reward and fine parameters. Nodes can vote on the reliability of their neighbors, achieving network reliability and a reasonable level of security. Overall, the proposed method balances the security and reliability with the energy consumption of the network.

• Journal of KSNVE
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.610-614
• /
• 2000

Cellular Automata(CA)s are used as a simple mathematical model to investigate self-organization in statistical mechanics, which are originally introduced by von Neumann and S. Ulam at the end of the 1940s. CAs provide a framework for a large class of discrete models with homogeneous interactions, which are characterized by the following fundamental properties: 1) CAs are dynamical systems in which space and time are discrete. 2) The systems consist of a regular grid of cells. 3) Each cell is characterized by a state taken from a finite set of states and updated synchronously in discrete time steps according to a local, identical interaction rule. 4) The state of a cell is determined by the previous states of a surrounding neighborhood of cells. A cellular automaton has been attracted wide interest in modeling physical phenomena, which are described generally, partial differential equations such as diffusion and wave propagation. This paper describes one and two-dimensional analysis of wave propagation phenomena modeled by CA, where the local interaction rules were derived referring to the Lattice Gas Model reported by Chen et al., and also including finite difference scheme. Modeling processes by using CA are discussed and the simulation results of wave propagation with one wave source are compared with that by finite difference method.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.91-95
• /
• 2001

We investigate some properties of one dimensional linear nongroup cellular automata that have nonreachable states over GF(2). Specially we show interesting relationships between th states in a nonzero tree corresponding to each level state in the 0-tree.