• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.2179-2183
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• 2014

Background: In vitro, in vivo and clinical studies have demonstrated anti-cancer effects of deuterium depleted water (DDW). The nature of this agents action, cytotoxic or cytostatic, remains to be elucidated. We here aimed to address the point by examining effects on different cell lines. Materials and Methods: 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) -based cytotoxicity analysis was conducted for human breast, stomach, colon, prostate cancer and glioblastoma multiforme cell lines as well as human dermal fibroblasts. The cell lines were treated with decreasing deuterium concentrations of DDW alone, paclitaxel alone and both. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis. Results: Treatment with different deuterium concentrations of DDW alone did not impose any significant inhibitory effects on growth of cell lines. Paclitaxel significantly decreased the survival fractions of all cell lines. DDW augmented paclitaxel inhibitory effects on breast, prostate, stomach cancer and glioblastoma cell lines, with influence being more pronounced in breast and prostate cases. Conclusions: DDW per se does not appear to have inhibitory effects on the assessed tumor cell lines as well as normal fibroblasts. As an adjuvant, however, DDW augmented inhibitory effects of paclitaxel and thus it could be considered as an adjuvant to conventional anticancer agents in future trials.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.549-557
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 CMOS 공정의 p-diff/n-well 다이오드만을 사용한 ISC(Integrated Solar Cell)를 이용하여 MPPT(Maximum Power Point Tracking) 제어 기능을 갖는 온칩 빛에너지 하베스팅 시스템을 제안하였다. MPPT 제어는 PV(Photovoltaic) 셀의 개방전압과 MPP(Maximum Power Point) 전압간의 비례관계를 이용하여, 작은 pilot PV 셀로 하여금 main PV 셀의 MPP를 실시간 추적할 수 있도록 설계하였다. 모의실험 결과 설계된 회로는 MPPT 제어기능을 적용했을 때 부하가 큰 경우에도 MPP 근처의 전압을 부하에 공급함으로써 부하에 연결된 회로가 정상적으로 동작하는 것을 확인하였다. 제안된 회로는 0.18um CMOS 공정으로 설계하였으며, main PV 셀과 pilot PV 셀의 면적은 각각 $8mm^2$와 $0.4mm^2$이다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1992

Parenchyma of the cat pineal body consisted of pinealocytes and glial cells. The pinealocyte, predominant cell type, was characterized by having large mitochondria with pale matrix, abundant polyribosomes, moderately-developed Golgi apparatus, centrioles and occasional cilia. The pinealocyte had one thick and long cytoplasmic process at the one pole of the cell, and slender and shorter processes at the other pole, and in addition occasional short processes from the cell body. These processes contained longitudinally arranged microtubules, and a few mitochondria. Thick processes teminated as bulgings either in the intercellular process-rich area, or in the perivascular border which was formed by glial cell processes. These endings of pinealocyte processes had many small vesicles, mitochondria, and occasional dense bodies. Glial cells with abundant filaments of intermediate type and clear cytoplasmic matrix were fibrous astrocyte. Perikarya of the astrocytes had small and dense mitochondria, moderately developed Golgi apparatus, dense bodies and variable amount of intermediate filaments. Glial cell processes run through the intercellular spaces among the pinealocyte processes. Glial cell of protoplasmic type had no or a few filaments, but it had well-organized rough endoplasmic reticulum, dense mitochondria, well developed Golgi apparatus and many dense granules. Intercellular canaliculi formed by adjacent pinealocytes and glial cell processes were often noted. Within the parenchyma, sympathetic and parasympathetic axons and their endings were noted. These endings were present mostly in the intercellular spaces without having membrane specialization, however, in rare instances, ending with small clear and dense cored vesicles, and large dense cored vesicles formed specialized synapse with a pinealocyte process. Within the perivascular spaces nerve fibers and endings, Schwann cells and pericyte were noted. In rare case pinealocyte process penetrated into the perivascular space through the interuptions of glial border. These results suggest that pinealocyte of the cat has less significance in secretory function and is rather neural type of cell.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2011

광학 및 전자현미경을 이용하여 소라 아가미의 형태와 미세구조를 기재하였다. 소라의 아가미는 bipectinate형이다. 새엽 상피층은 단층으로 상피세포, 섬모세포, mitochondria-rich cell 그리고 분비세포로 구성되어 있었다. 상피세포들은 원주형이며, 자유면에는 미세융모들이 발달되어 있었고 인접한 세포들과는 상부측면에 세포연접들로 연결되어 있었다. 섬모세포들은 자유면에 섬모와 미세융모들을 가지며, 세포질에는 잘 발달된 미토콘드리아들이 무리지어 존재하고 섬모의 기저 뿌리 끝이 연결되어 있었다. Mitochondria-rich cell은 기저부에 원형의 핵을 가지며, 세포질의 대부분은 발달된 미토콘드리아들이 차지하고 있었다. AB-PAS와 AF-AB 반응 결과, 분비 세포들은 주로 산성점액을 함유하고 있었다. 분비세포는 단세포선으로 세포의 형태와 분비과립의 미세구조적 특징에 따라 4 종류 (A, B, C, D)로 구분할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.983-988
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• 2007

본 연구는 녹차의 폴리페놀 성분 중에서 항암효과가 가장 크다고 알려진 EGCG가 인체 유방암 세포 MDA-MB-231의 세포증식억제 기전을 알아보고자 실시하였다. EGCG 처리 농도가 증가할수록 48시간 후에 유방암 세포의 증식이 유의적으로 감소되었다. 세포증식 관련 단백질인 $ErbB_2$, $ErbB_3$, Akt의 단백질 발현은 EGCG의 첨가농도 10 ${\mu}m$ 이상일 때부터 유의적으로 발현이 감소하였고, mRNA 발현은 5 ${\mu}m$ 이상부터 유의적으로 감소되었다. Py20, p-Akt 로 단백질의 인산화를 알아본 결과 EGCG 첨가농도가 증가할수록 $ErbB_2$, $ErbB_3$, Akt 의 인산화가 감소함을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과를 종합해 보면 인체 유방암 세포 MDA-MB-231에서 EGCG는 암세포에서 과발현되는 $ErbB_2$, $ErbB_3$, Akt의 세포신호 전달과정 억제를 통하여 암세포의 증식을 억제시키는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 청정기술
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2023

This study shows the summary of the economic performance of excess electricity conversion to hydrogen as well as methane and returned conversion to electricity using a fuel cell. The methane production process has been examined in a previous study. Here, this study focuses on the conversion of methane to electricity. As a part of this study, capital expenditure (CAPEX) is estimated under various sized plants (0.3, 3, 9, and 30 MW). The study shows a method for economic optimization of electricity generation using a fuel cell. The CAPEX and operating expenditure (OPEX) as well as the feed cost are used to calculate the discounted cash flow. Then the levelized cost of returned electricity (LCORE) is estimated from the discounted cash flow. This study found the LCORE value was ¢10.2/kWh electricity when a 9 MW electricity generating fuel cell was used. A methane production plant size of 1,500 Nm³/hr, a methane production cost of $11.47/mcf, a storage cost of $1/mcf, and a fuel cell efficiency of 54% were used as a baseline. A sensitivity analysis was performed by varying the storage cost, fuel cell efficiency, and excess electricity cost by ±20%, and fuel cell efficiency was found as the most dominating parameter in terms of the LCORE sensitivity. Therefore, for the best cost-performance, fuel cell manufacturing and efficiency need to be carefully evaluated. This study provides a general guideline for cost performance comparison with LCORE.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.126.1-126.1
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• 2010

In direct methanol fuel cells(DMFCs), it is well known that methanol crossover severely reduces the cell performance and the cell efficiency. There are a number of design and operating parameters that influence the methanol crossover. This indicates that a DMFC demands a high degree of optimization. For the successful design and operation of a DMFC system, a better understanding of methanol crossover phenomena is essential. The main objective of this study is to examine methanol-crossover phenomena in DMFCs. In this study, 1D DMFC model previously developed by Ko et al. is used. The simulation results were compared with methanol-crossover data that were measured by Eccarius et al. The numerical predictions agree well with the methanol crossover data and the model successfully captures key experimental trends.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.29-38
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• 1991

Ventral nephrocytes in the larva of the Lucilia illustris comprise ellipsoid cells situated onto the salivary glands. The cells are $60{\sim}100{\mu}m$ in diameter. Junctional complex beneath the basement membrane hold the plasma membrane in a even contour. Intracellular channels from the juntion complex are well developed at the cortex part of the cell. Coated vesicles pinched off from the channels seems to be connected with the ${\alpha}$-vacuoles via the tubular elements, which is regared as selective absorption system from the hemolymph. Two nuclei are sometimes observed in the medulla part of the cell. Ventral nephrocytes contain well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, and numerous mitochondria. These cellular organelles synthesize lysosome. The lysosome not only digest some cell organells but also seems to be related with the ${\beta}$-vacuoles.

• BMB Reports
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.537-546
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• 2002

NF-${\kappa}B$/Rel transcription factor family participates in diverse biological processes including embryo development, hematopoiesis, immune regulation, as well as neuronal functions. In this review, the NF-${\kappa}B$/Rel signal transduction pathways and their important roles in the regulation of immune system will be discussed. NF-${\kappa}B$/Rel members execute distinct functions in multiple immune cell types via the regulation of target genes essential for cell proliferation, survival, effector functions, cell trafficking and communication, as well as the formation of lymphoid architecture. Consequently, proper activation of NF-${\kappa}B$/Rel during immune responses to allergens, auto-antigens, allo-antigens, and pathogenic infection is crucial for the integrity of host innate and adaptive immunity.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.151-157
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• 2006

A two-dimensional numerical model to study the performance of anode-supported flat-tube solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) far the cross section of the cell in the flow direction of the fuel and air flows is developed. In this model a mass and charge balance, Maxwell-Stefan equation as well as the momentum equation by using, Darcy's law are applied in differential form. The finite element method using FEMLAB commercial software is used for meshing, discritization and solving the system of coupled differential equations. The current density distribution and fuel consumption as well as water production are analyzed. Experimental data is used to verify a predicted voltage-current density and power density versus current density to judge on the model accuracy.