• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.639-648
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• 2016

Next-generation (4G) systems are designed to support universal frequency reuse (UFR) to achieve best use of valuable spectra. However, it leads to undesirable interference level near cell borders. To control this, 4G systems adopt techniques, such as network multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC), to improve cell-edge throughput. Network MIMO aims at mitigating inter-cell interference towards cell-edge users (CEUs) through multi-cell cooperation, where each collaborative base station serves both cell-center users (CCUs) and CEUs, including other cells' CEUs, under a power constraint. The present ICIC strategies cannot be directly applied to network MIMO because they were designed in absence of multi-cell coordination. In the presence of network MIMO, this paper investigates antenna orientations in ICIC and the method of power management. Results show that a proper antenna orientation can improve the cell-edge capacity and meantime lower the interference to CCUs. Capacity inconsistency between CCUs and CEUs is detrimental to mobile communications. Simulation results show that the proposed power management for ICIC in network MIMO systems can achieve a uniform data rate regardless users' position.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39A no.11
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• pp.675-681
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• 2014

As the recently soaring wireless traffic, small-cell techniques have been actively studied in order to support such a wireless demand for cellular wireless networks. This paper studies interference mitigation methods for random-access small-cell networks. Although inter-cell interference between small random-access cells is one of the main factors to degrade overall performance, most of the previous works focused on interference mitigation between users in each cell. To address such limitation, dynamic opportunistic interference alignment is proposed exploiting statistical characteristics of random-access. It is demonstrated by simulation that the proposed scheme outperforms the previous approach as the number of cells or the number of users in each cell increases.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37A no.12
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• pp.1093-1105
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• 2012

We propose an interference space reuse (ISR) algorithm for the MU-MIMO design in 3-cell downlink interference channels. Also, we provide a strategy for the adoption of the ISR scheme in the cellular network. In the multicell interference channels, the cell edge users may undergo severe interferences and their signals should be protected from the interferers for reliable transmissions. However, the intra cell users do not only experience small interferences but also they require small transmission power for stable communication. We provide a vector design algorithm based on ISR, where intra cell users are served through reusing the cell edge users' interference space. The performance enhancement reaches 20% compared to the fractional frequency reuse (FFR) scheme combined with IA through the scheduling between the cell edge users and the intra cell users. Also, it can be used to enhance the cell edge throughput when the quality of service (QoS) requirements of the intra cell users are fixed.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.12A
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• pp.1828-1835
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• 2000

In this paper, we analyzed the other-cell interference characteristics for various non-uniform traffic distributions and their effects on the capacity of multi-cell CDMA system. We consider three different traffic distributions, i.e., linear, exponential and Gaussian traffic distribution with distribution parameters. Changing the distribution parameter, we can obtain the center-focused distributions or uniform distributions for each model. From the results of other-cell interference calculation we can see that the other-cell interference decreases, as the user concentrates on the base station. Also using frequency reuse efficiency indicating the capacity reduction of a multi-cell system when compared to a single cell system, we evaluate the effect of traffic distribution on the reverse link CDMA capacity. For linear case, the capacity of multi-cell system is reduced to 0.637∼0.867 times that of single cell system. On the other hand, for both exponential and Gaussian cases, the capacity under a multi-cell environment is equal to 70∼100% of that under a single cell. Therefore, we conclude that the average capacity of multi-cell CDMA system are increased when users are likely to be at near the cell base station due to reduced total other-cell interference and decreased when users exist at near the cell edge regardless of traffic distribution models.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.48 no.10
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• pp.25-32
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• 2011

We have analyzed adjacent cell dependency of threshold voltage shift caused by the cell to cell interference, and we proposed a 3-adjacent-cell model to model the pattern dependency of the threshold voltage shift. The proposed algorithm is verified by using MATLAB simulation and measurement results. In the experimental results, we found that accuracy of the proposed simple 3-adjacient-cell model is comparable to the widely used conventional 8-adjacient-cell model. The Bit Error Rate (BER) of LSB and of MSB is improved by 28.9% and 19.8%, respectively, by applying the proposed algorithm based on 3-adjacent-cell model to 20nm-class 2-bit MLC NAND flash memories.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.1976-1997
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• 2016

This paper investigates the problem of co-tier interference mitigation for dynamic small- cell networks, in which the load of each small-cell varies with the number of active associated small-cell users (SUs). Due to the fact that most small-cell base stations (SBSs) are deployed in an ad-hoc manner, the problem of reducing co-tier interference caused by dynamic loads in a distributed fashion is quite challenging. First, we propose a new distributed channel allocation method for small-cells with dynamic loads and define a dynamic interference graph. Based on this approach, we formulate the problem as a dynamic interference graph game and prove that the game is a potential game and has at least one pure strategy Nash equilibrium (NE) point. Moreover, we show that the best pure strategy NE point minimizes the expectation of the aggregate dynamic co-tier interference in the small-cell network. A distributed dynamic learning algorithm is then designed to achieve NE of the game, in which each SBS is unaware of the probability distributions of its own and other SBSs' dynamic loads. Simulation results show that the proposed approach can mitigate dynamic co-tier interference effectively and significantly outperform random channel selection.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.4A
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• pp.371-376
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• 2008

In this paper, we explain the unified inter-cell interference avoidance and cancellation in OFDM mobile cellular systems. Interference avoidance is used for cell-interior or two-cell-edge users, and interference cancellation is applied to three-cell-edge users. The performance of the unified scheme is evaluated by simplified system simulation. Link simulation results are used in the interpretation of system simulation output. We compare three schemes which are "no interference management," "only interference avoidance," "both avoidance and cancellation." Primary performance measures are the data rate of the 5th percentile user and the mean data rate. Simulation results show that interference management schemes greatly improve the cell edge performance, but slightly reduce the mean data rate. Use of both avoidance and cancelaltion is better than that of only avoidance in terms of the cell edge throughput and the mean data rate.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.2A
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• pp.179-187
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• 2007

As wireless networks evolve to orthogonal frequency division multiple access(OFDMA) systems, inter-cell interference control becomes a critical issue in radio resource management. The allocation of the same channels in neighbor cells cause inter-cell interference, so the channel allocation needs to be taken carefully to lower the inter-cell interference. In distributed channel allocation, each cell independently tries to allocate channels that suffer low interference level. In this paper, under the assumption of static users, we introduce the concept of interference range and use it in designing our two algorithms; basic and combined. The basic algorithm performs interference range detection and determines whether to use the considered channel, while the combined algorithm checks the channel quality in addition to detecting the interference range. The two algorithms dynamically perform channel allocation with low complexity and show good throughput and fairness performance.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.47 no.12
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• pp.8-16
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• 2010

NAND multilevel cell (MLC) flash memory is widely issued because it can increase the capability of storage by storing two or more bits to a single cell. However if a number of levels in a cell increases, some physical features like cell to cell interference result cell voltage shift and it is known that a VT shift is unidirectional. To reduce errors by the effects, we can consider error correcting codes(ECC) or signal processing methods. We focus signal processing methods for the cell to cell interference voltage shift effects and propose the algorithms which reduce the effects of the voltage shift by estimating it and making level read voltages be adaptive. These new algorithms can be applied with ECC at the same time, therefore these algorithms are efficient for MLC error correcting ability. We show the bit error rate simulation results of the algorithms and compare the performance of the algorithms.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.44 no.3 s.357
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• pp.51-60
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• 2007

Cellular OFDMA systems may suffer from various amounts of inter-cell interferences according to subcarriers. If it is possible to estimate the interference level of each subcarrier, the performance can be improved by adjusting the magnitude of channel decoder input signals inversely proportional to the interference amounts. While conventional cellular systems prefer to use interference averaging techniques for mitigating inter-cell interferences, this paper shows that localizing inter-cell interferences to the reduced number of subcarriers can significantly improve the system performance assuming thatinterference estimation can be employed. If interference estimation is not used, it is more favorable to use interference averaging techniques to avoid excessive interference levels to certain subcarriers. On the other hand, if interference estimation can be employed, interference localization is more beneficial than interference averaging.