• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.107-120
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• 1999

The purpose of this Study was to investigate effects of KaegiBokryengHwan(KBH) on anti-tumor, immunocytes and nitric oxide(NO). This Study estimated the proliferation of L1210 cell lines, HeLa cell lines, SK-OV3 cell lines, MCF-7 cell lines, balb/c mouse 3T3 cell lines, mouse thymocytes and mouse splenocytes and NO production from peritoneal macrophages in vitro. and estimated the proliferation of L1210 cells, mouse thymocytes and splenocytes and NO production from peritoneal macrophages and body weight in L1210 cells-transplanted mice in vivo. The result were obtained as follow ; 1. KBH inhibited significantly SK-OV3 cell lines in vitro. 2. KBH was accelerate significantly the proliferation of balb/c mouse thymocytes in vitro. 3. KBH increased significantly NO production from peritoneal macrophages in vitro. 4. KBH didn't effect the cytotoxicity of L1210 cells in L1210 cells-transplanted mice. 5. KBH was accelerate the proliferation of splenocytes in L1210 cells-transplanted mice. 6. KBH increased NO production from peritoneal macrophages in L1210 cells-transplanted mice. 7. KBH increased the body weight as comparing with control group in L1210 cells-transplanted mice.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.175-183
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• 2002

To compare the effects of various types of dietary fiber on microbial production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and on colon cell proliferation which is used as an intermediate biomarker for colon carcinogenesis, groups of 10 male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed one of four fiber-supplemented diets (6% cellulose, 6% pectin, 6% polydextrose, and a mixture of 3% cellulose and 3% polydextrose) for three weeks. As a control, a fiber-free diet was fed to a separate group of 10 rats. Cell proliferation was measured by in vivo incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine into DNA in the proximal and distal colon, respectively. Luminal concentrations of SCFA were measured by gas chromatography. Dietary fiber significantly influenced microbial production of SCFA in the colon; pectin supplementation produced the highest concentrations of luminal SCFA in both the proximal and distal colon (p<0.05). The degree of individual SCFA production was characterized by a relatively higher increase in butyrate production by the pectin-supplemented diet, and in propionate production by the polydextrose-supplemented diet, resulting in alterations of the molar ratios of acetate, propionate and butyrate. There were significant differences in colon cell proliferation among the diet groups; the pectin-supplemented diet produced a significantly higher effect on cell proliferation of distal colonic epithelial cells (p＜0.05), and the polydextrose-supplemented diet produced an intermediate effect compared to the fiber-free or cellulose-supplemented diet. Increased cell proliferation was correlated to increased luminal concentrations of butyrate in the proximal colon and to increased luminal concentrations of propionate and butyrate in the distal colon (p<0.05). Therefore, these data suggest that dietary fiber may modulate colon cell proliferation by altering luminal SCFA concentrations, particularly butyrate and perhaps propionate. In addition, the present study is the first finding that has demonstrated a relative increase in colon cell proliferation due to supplementation with polydextrose, suggesting that the overuse of this artificially synthesized polysaccharide in food processing technology needs to be carefully evaluated from the public health point of view.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.51-54
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• 1998

It has been proved that co-cultivation of human neroblastoma cells and human fibroblast cells can enhance nerve cell growth and the production of BDNF in perfusion cultivation. In batch co-cultivation, maximum cell density was increased up to 1.76${\times}$106 viable cells/mL from 9${\times}$105 viable cells/mL of only neuroblastoma cell culture. The growth of neuroblastoma cells was greatly improved by culturing both nerve and fibroblast cells in a perfusion process, maintaining 1.5${\times}$106 viable cells/mL, which was much higher than that form fed-batch cultivation. The nerve cell growth was greatly enhance in both fed-batch and perfusion cultivations while the growth of fibroblast cells was not. It strongly implies that the factors secreted from human fibrobast cells and/or the environments of co-culture system can enhance both cell growth and BDNF secretion. Specific BDNF production rate was not enhanced in co-cultures; however, the production period was increased as the cell growth was lengthened in the co-culture case. Competitive growth between nerve cells and fibroblast cells was not observed in all cases, showing no changes of fibroblast cell growth and only enhancement of the neuroblastoma cell growth and overall BDNF production. It was also found that the perfusion cultivation was the most appropriate process for cultivating two cell lines simultaneously in a bioreactor.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.293-296
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• 2002

Hyperosmotic pressure increased specific antibody productivity ($q_{Ab}$) of recombinant CHO cells (SH2-0.32) while it depressed cell growth. Thus, the use of hyperosmolar medium did not increase the maximum antibody concentration substantially. To overcome this drawback, the feasibility of biphasic culture strategy was investigated. In the biphasic culture, cells were first cultivated in the standard medium with physiological osmolality(294 mOsm/kg) for cell growth. When cells reached the late exponential phase of growth, the spent standard medium was replaced with the fresh hyperosmolar medium (522 mOsm/kg) for antibody production. The ($q_{Ab}$) in growth phase with the standard medium was 2.1 ${\mu}g/10^6cell/day$ while the ($q_{Ab}$) in antibody production phase with the hyperosmolar medium (522 mOsm/kg) was 11.1 ${\mu}g/10^6cell/day$. Northern blot analysis showed a positive relationship between the relative contenet of Ig mRNA and ($q_{Ab}$), indicating that transcriptional regulation was involved in the response of rCHO cells to hyperosmotic pressure. Due to the enhanced ($q_{Ab}$) and increased cell concentration in biphasic culture, the maximum antibody concentration obtained in biphasic culture with 522 mOsm/kg medium exchange was 161% higher than that obtained in batch culture with the standard medium. Taken together, simple biphasic culture strategy based on hyperosmotic culture for improved foreign protein production from rCHO cells is effective in improving antibody production of rCHO cells.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.4 s.71
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• pp.595-599
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• 2005

The efforts of Korean and Japanese radishes on the viability and interleukin (JL)-8 production by Helicobacter pylori were investigated in human gastric epithelial cell. Cell viability was significantly decreased when they were incubated with H. pylori toxin (p <0.05, p<0.01 and p<0.005). Co-incubation with Korean or Japanese radish increased H. pylori toxin-inhibited cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner. The production of IL-8 was greatly increased in H. pylori-infected gastric epithelial cell in concentration- and time-dependent manners. The increased production of IL-8 was significantly inhibited by Korean (p<0.05 and p<0.01) or Japanese (p<0.05) radishes $(5\~10mg/ml)$. These results indicate that Korean and Japanese radishes have protective effects on H. pylori-inhibited cell growth and H. pylori-induced gastric mucosal cell inflammation by suppressing the production of inflammatory cytokine (IL-8) from gastric epithelial cell.

• Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering
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• v.39
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• pp.1004-1010
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• 2022

Ceramides are a major lipid class known to play an essential role in maintaining skin function. Thus, efforts have been made to produce ceramides and ceramide precursors in large quantities for industrial applications. The yeast Wickerhamomyces ciferrii, a natural producer of the ceramide precursor tetraacetyl phytosphingosine (TAPS), has been isolated and engineered through various mutagenesis approaches aiming to enhance TAPS production. Herein, a high-throughput screening platform for isolating W. ciferrii mutants with improved TAPS production is described. A fluorescence-mediated reporter system that allows initial quantification of TAPS content in yeast cells based on BODIPY staining was developed. The optimal concentration of BODIPY for monitoring intracellular TAPS levels in W. ciferrii was 400 ㎍/L, as shown by a linear correlation between the actual TAPS levels and mean fluorescence intensities. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting was used for isolating high TAPS-producing strains from an ethyl methanesulfonate-induced mutant library. After several rounds of sorting, mutants exhibiting a high-TAPS phenotype were isolated, and the M40 strain with the highest TAPS titer was chosen for large-scale cultivation. The influence of different carbon sources for optimizing TAPS production was also evaluated using the M40 strain. A maximum production yield of 5.114 g/L of ceramide precursors, including TAPS and triacetyl phytosphingosine, was achieved with the supplementation of molasses. This novel platform enables rapid screening of high TAPS-producing strains using the common dye BODIPY and can be easily extended for the development of mutants with high productivity of ceramide precursors in yeast and other microorganisms.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.343-348
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• 1989

Production of shikonin derivatives by Lithospermum erythrorhizon cells by using polyurethane foam was invesliigated. Shikonin derivatives were effectively adsorbed mostly by phase distribution to polyurethane matrices and their production increased significantly compared to the suspension culture. The enhanced production of shikonin was probably due to more facilitated cell to cell con-tact and lowered intracellular shikonin concentration, both of which are known to be favorable for plant secondary metabolite production. In order to improve the process productivity, tell culture was conducted under various culture conditions: Of them, Schenk and Hildebrandt medium containing indole-3-acetic acid (1.75mg/ι) and kinetin (0.1mg/ι) was considered most appropriate for shikonin production. Production of shikonin increased about 4.5 times in the Schenk and Hildebrandt medium containing indole-3-acetic acid (1.15mg/ι) and kinetin (0.1mg/ι) when compared to the same medium containing p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.0mg/ι) and kinetin (0.1mg/ι). When poly-urethane was used as the support material, a single-stage system was more preferred to the conventional two-stage culture system in terms of shikonin productivity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.131-135
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• 2005

Under sulfur deprived conditions, PS II and photosynthetic $O_2$ evolution by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii UTEX 90 are inactivated, resulting in shift from aerobic to anaerobic condition. This is followed by hydrogen production catalyzed by hydrogenase. We hypothesized that the photosynthetic capacity and the accumulation of endogenous substrates such as starch for hydrogen production might be different according to cell age. Accordingly, we investigated (a) the relationships between hydrogen production, induction time of sulfur deprivation, increase of chlorophyll after sulfur deprivation, and residual PS II activity, and (b) the effect of initial cell density upon sulfur deprivation. The maximum production volume of hydrogen was 151 ml $H_2$/l with 0.91 g/l of cell density in the late-exponential phase. We suggest that the effects of induction time and initial cell density at sulfur deprivation on hydrogen production, up to an optimal concentration, are due to an increase of chlorophyll under sulfur deprivation.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.671-677
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• 2011

A hyperthermophilic archaeon, $Thermococcus$ $onnurineus$ NA1 was studied to investigate its fermentation characteristics using various carbon sources including formate, maltose and carbon monoxide during the anaerobic batch cultivation at $80^{\circ}C$. Formate was the best carbon source for cell growth and hydrogen production among others. In the batch culture on formate, it was found that the cell concentration increased exponentially by 12 hrs of culture, after which the cell growth and formate consumption was retarded. Hydrogen production was continued more than 24 hrs although the cell growth was ceased at 18 hrs. Hydrogen production rate was directly correlated with the cell growth and formate degradation up to 18 hrs, and the average hydrogen production yield was 1.05 mole-$H_2$/mole-formate. Cell growth and hydrogen production were optimized at the initial pH 6-7, while inhibited at the initial pH lower than 5 and higher than 9.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.200-210
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• 1994

In batch bioreactor fermentations for cyclosporin A (CyA) production, good potential for bioprocess improvement was demonstrated in the immobilized cell system, providing appreciably better utilization of the catalytic activity of the biomass than the freely suspended cells, especially during the exponential phase. When concentrated nutrient medium was added pulsely during the exponential phase of cell growth(at hour 139 of fermentation), reactivation and regermination in both immobilized and suspended cell cultures were observed to contribute to the longevity of CyA production, maintaining maximum CyA titre until 250 hours of fermentation. Contrarily, simple batch fermentations without any supplement of medium in both systems showed repid decrease in CyA concentrations during the late stationary phase. Notably, the CyA yield coefficient $(Y_p/x)$ for the immobilized cell system was maintained quite high even after the pulse addition of the concentrated full medium, reaching almost 80% of the level attained during the exponential phase. This is in sharp contrast when compared with the corresponding value of 58% in the case of parallel-suspended cells. This pattern of CyA production resulted in considerably enhanced CyA production in the immobilized cell system, reaching almost 2 time higher maximum CyA production in comparison with the free cell system.