• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.454-458
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• 2002

The effect of antibrowning agents such as PVPP (polyvinylpolypyrrolidone), bentonite, gelatin, celite 545, tannic acid and sodium sulfite in apple concentrate was investigated for the control of enzymatic browning by comparing physicochemical properties (pH, color, turbidity), polyphenoloxidase activity and contents of polyphenol compounds. In color value, apple concentrate containing PVPP showed higher L value (lightness) than control and other antibrowning agents. The turbidity (absorbance at 660 nm) of apple concentrate added PVPP, gelatin celite 545, tannic acid and sodim sulfite were 0.003, 0.038, 0.018 and 0.022, respectively. PVPP was regarded to remove suspended solids effectively. Polyphenoloxidase activity and polyphenolics(catechol, catechin, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin) content of apple concentrate used PVPP significantly reduced. Therefore PVPP was proved to be effective for enzymatic antibrowning agent considering to color, turbidity, polyphenoloxidase activity and polyphenol compounds in apple concentrate.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.873-876
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• 1998

Background: High-dose aprotinin has been reported to enhance the anticoagulant effects of heparin during cardiopulmonary bypass ; hence, som authors have advocated reducing the dose of heparin in patients treated with aprotinin. Material and Method: The ACT was measured before, during and after cardiopulmonary bypass, with Hemochron 801 system using two activators of celite(C-ACT) and kaolin(K- ACT) as surface activator. From June, 1996 to February, 1997, 22 adult patients who were scheduled for elective operation were enrolled in this study. Result: The ACT without heparin did not differ between C-ACT and K-ACT. At 30 minutes after anticoagulation with heparin and cardiopulmonary bypass, the average C-ACT was 928${\pm}$400 s; K-ACT was 572${\pm}$159s(p<0.05). After administration of protamine, C-ACT was 137${\pm}$26 s; K-ACT was 139${\pm}$28s, which were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our results showed that the significant increase in the ACT during heparin- induced anticoagulation in the presence of aprotinin was due to the use of celite as surface activator, rather than due to enhanced anticoagulation of heparin by aprotinin. We conclude that the ACT measured with kaolin provides better monitoring of cardiac surgical patients treated with high dose aprotinin than does the ACT measured with celite. The patients treated with aprotinin should receive the usual doses of heparin.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.586-589
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• 2010

In present work, oxidative addition reaction of 1,3-cycleohexandion (1,3-CHD) with ethyl vinyl ether (EVE) was attempted utilizing $Ag_2CO_3$/celite (SC) reagent. In order to optimize reaction conditions, we surveyed several solvents for the production of dihydrofuran with the (SC) system. The yield of the acetonitrile (AN), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), benzene (BZ), and heptane (HT) are given 78, 40, 15, and 10%, respectively. Therefore, we studied the solvent effects on yields by using PM3 and ZINDO/1 parameter of semi-empirical method of HyperChem7.0 molecular modeling program.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.615-621
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• 2009

In order to optimize the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) conditions of volatile components from the strawberry, we conducted an evaluation of the sample preparation and SFE operating conditions. The analysis of the volatile components extracted by a variety of sample preparation protocols led to the identification of 30, 26, 30, and 34 volatile components in fresh, freeze-dried, 30% celite and 70% celite treatments, respectively. The 70% celite treatment was the most effective in extracting the volatile components from strawberry via SFE. Analysis of the volatile components extracted by a variety of SFE operating conditions yielded identifications of 34, 35, 34, and 35 volatile components at 3,000 psi (40, $50^{\circ}C$) and 6,000 psi (40, $50^{\circ}C$), respectively. The extraction yield of alcohols and acids, and the total volatile component contents, were highest under conditions of 3,000 psi and $55^{\circ}C$. Volatile components from the strawberry were extracted via SFE, simultaneous steam distillation and extraction (SDE), and solvent extraction (SE). The analysis of the volatile components extracted via different extraction methods resulted in the identification of 56, 34, and 32 volatile components in the SDE, SFE, and SE extracts, respectively. The total volatile component contents identified in the SDE, SFE, and SE extracts were $20.268{\pm}1.144$, $21.627{\pm}1.215$ and $2.476{\pm}0.177\;mg/kg$, respectively. The SFE extract evidenced higher contents of sweet flavors such as 2-methylbutanoic acid, 2-methylpropanoic acid, and hexanoic acid than the SDE and SE extracts. SFE proved to be the most appropriate method for the extraction of fresh volatile components from the strawberry.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.585-586
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• 1996

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.613-616
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• 2001

The performance of five supports was evaluated for the immobilization of protease in a packed bed reactor, Celite R640, Duolite A568 and Silicagel 60 showed higher enzyme activity for column opel'ation, The optimum conditions for this operation were pH 5.0 and $50^{\circ}C$, Egg yolk protein was also hydrolyzed to obtain peptide solution in this study.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.844-849
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• 2001

This study was carried out to determine the optimum conditions for cholesterol removal from homogenized milk by treatment with saponin using a response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of temperature, reaction time, and amounts of celite or saponin added on cholesterol removal from milk were investigated. The level of cholesterol removal from milk increased with saponin concentration and varied from 57.4 to 73.3%. The optimum reaction time, amount of celite addition determined by a partial differentiation of the model equation, and amount of saponin addition were 30min, 0.95% and 1.5%, respectively. Under these conditions, the predicted cholesterol removal by RSM was estimated to be 73.4%. The experimental removal value was 73.7%. Thus, there was no appreciable difference between the experimental value and the predicted value based on RSM.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 1995

Biodegradation of toluene in liquid effluent stream was carried out using biofilms of Pseudomonas putida formed on celite particles in the bubble column bioreactor. Silicon rubber tubing was installed at the bottom of the bioreactor and liquid toluene was circulated within the tubing. Toluene diffused out of the tube wall and was transferred into the culture broth where degradation by biofilms occurred. The operating variables affecting the formation of biofihns on celite particles were investigated in the bubble column bioreactor, and it was found that formation of bifilm is favored by high dilution rate and supply rate of carbon source which stimulate the growth of initially attached cells. Continuous biodegradation of toluene using biofilms was stablely conducted in the bioreactor for more than one month without any significant fluctuation, showing a removal efficiency higher than 95% at the toluene transfer rate of 1.2 g/L/h.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.39-43
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• 1973

완충액(緩衝液)에서의 caffeine, niacinamide, pyridoxine hydrochloride, thiamine hydrochloride의 여과조제(濾過助劑)에 의(依)한 흡착(吸着)현상을 비교검토(比較檢討)하였다. 실험(實驗)에 사용(使用)한 vitamin 류(類)의 흡착(吸着)은 Langmvir 흡착식(吸着式)의 pattern 에 따랐으며 caffeine 은 거의 흡착(吸着)되지 않았다. 여과조제중(濾過助劑中) Dawsonite는 Celite 545 보다 큰 흡착(吸着)현상을 나타냈으며 pH변화(變化)에 따른 영향(影響)은 niacinamide가 가장 예민하였고 pH의 증가(增加)는 흡착량(吸着量)을 현저히 감소시켰다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.673-676
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• 2009

Non-point pollutants, which mainly originate from high traffic roads and rural areas, contaminate the environment by flowing into various rivers and lakes and thus are of interest as an environmental issue. Accordingly, efforts have been made to design and maintain efficient filter systems for the control of the non-point pollutants. Meanwhile, clay-type materials are widely used for the absorption of chemicals included in pollutants and the absorption performances of various clays have been reported in the literature. Thus, the present study proposes a non-destructive monitoring method for the performance of a clay-type filter using electrical resistivity measurement. A series of experimental tests is performed on celite-based particulate filters with infiltrating non-point source pollutants having the same characteristics as pollutants on high traffic roads. Each test measures permeability, resistivity of the filter materials and resistivity of the filtrated water. As the particulate filter materials filtrate pollutants and absorb heavy chemicals (e.g., $Cr^{6+}$, lead, nickel, among others), ionic concentration increases resulting as the electrical resistivity decrease. When the filter systems approach the end of their lifetime, the electrical resistivity of the filter material converges to a very low value due to lowered filter absorption efficiency. Hence, the electrical resistivity of the filtrated water also converges to a low value due to high concentrations of heavy metals. The permeability converges to a very low value because of significantly reduced porosity due to clogging and absorption of pollutants on the filter material. The experimental results show that electrical resistivity monitoring of filter materials is a promising approach to estimation of filter performance and its life expectancy.