• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.153-161
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• 2022

c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) are members of MAPK family. Many genes can relay signals that promote inflammation, cell proliferation, or cell death which causes several diseases have been associated to mutations in the JNK gene family. The JNK2 gene is significantly more important in cancer development than the JNK1 and JNK3 genes. There are several different ways in which JNK2 contributes to breast cancer, and one of these is through its role in cell migration. As a result, this study's primary objective was to employ computational strategies to identify promising leads that potentially target the JNK2 protein in a strategy to alleviate breast cancer. We have derived these anticancer compounds from marine brown seaweed called Turbinaria conoides. We have identified compounds Ethane, 1, 1-diethoxy- and Butane, 2-ethoxy as promising anti-cancer drugs by molecular docking, DFT, and ADME study.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.3233-3239
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• 2015

Background: Whether depression causes increased risk of the development of breast cancer has long been debated. We conducted an updated meta-analysis of cohort studies to assess the association between depression and risk of breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Relevant literature was searched from Medline, Embase, Web of Science (up to April 2014) as well as manual searches of reference lists of selected publications. Cohort studies on the association between depression and breast cancer were included. Data abstraction and quality assessment were conducted independently by two authors. Random-effect model was used to compute the pooled risk estimate. Visual inspection of a funnel plot, Begg rank correlation test and Egger linear regression test were used to evaluate the publication bias. Results: We identified eleven cohort studies (182,241 participants, 2,353 cases) with a follow-up duration ranging from 5 to 38 years. The pooled adjusted RR was 1.13(95% CI: 0.94 to 1.36; $I^2=67.2%$, p=0.001). The association between the risk of breast cancer and depression was consistent across subgroups. Visual inspection of funnel plot and Begg's and Egger's tests indicated no evidence of publication bias. Regarding limitations, a one-time assessment of depression with no measure of duration weakens the test of hypothesis. In addition, 8 different scales were used for the measurement of depression, potentially adding to the multiple conceptual problems concerned with the definition of depression. Conclusions: Available epidemiological evidence is insufficient to support a positive association between depression and breast cancer.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.126-128
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• 2013

Pyogenic liver abscess in patients with malignant disease is a fatal state and is easily diagnosed. We presented a rare case of sudden fatal septicemia following anticancer treatment for recurred gastric cancer due to multiple liver abscesses which could not be diagnosed. A 72-year-old male with recurred gastric cancer received anticancer agents. He had a history of distal gastrectomy with right hepatic lobectomy for hepatic metastasis. He received anticancer treatment in the outpatient's service center periodically, and his performance status was preserved with nothing in particular. After administrating docetaxel, he suddenly developed septicemia and multiple organ failure and died 5 days after strong medical supports. Pathological autopsy revealed that multiple minute abscesses of the liver which could not be detected macroscopically were the causes of fatal septicemia. The etiology, therapies and prognosis of rare entity are being discussed.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.32-49
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• 2007

Purpose: Breast cancer is the most common disease in Korean women. Despite remarkable improvements in treatment strategies against various cancer during the past 40 years, breast cancer still remains as one of the main causes of cancer mortality among women in the whole world. This study was carried out to investigate antioxidative and anti-proliferative effects on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells of Ikiyangyoung-Tang extract. Methods: We measured a content of polyphenol and flavonoid in the Ikiyangyoung-Tang extract, eliminative ability of DPPH radical, ABTS free radical and hydrogen peroxide, antioxidative effects of linoleic acid, cytotoxicity on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. MCF-7 cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium/F12(DMEM/F12) supplemented with 10 % fetal bovine serum(FBS; Gibco) and antibiotics. Results : The extract of Ikiyangyoung-Tang contains polyphenol of 168.3${\pm}$12.8 ${\mu}$g/mg and flavonoid of 84.3${\pm}$3.4 ${\mu}$g/mg. Above results show profitable abilities of elimination of ${\alpha}$-${\alpha}$-Diphenyl-${\beta}$-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical, ABTS free radical and hydrogen peroxide. Also, the extract of Ikiyangyoung-Tang strongly inhibits the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a dose ependent manner. And. it has cytotoxicity on NIH3T3 cells. Conclusion : It can be concluded that Ikiyangyoung-Tang extract has an antioxidative effect and antiproliferative effect on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.927-932
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• 2015

Background: Breast and cervical cancers are the most common causes of cancer mortality among women in India, but actually they are largely preventable diseases. Although early detection is the only way to reduce morbidity and mortality, there are limited data on breast and cervical cancer knowledge, safe practices and attitudes of teachers in India. The purpose of this study is to assess the level of awareness and impact of awareness programs in adoption of safe practices in prevention and early detection. Materials and Methods: This assessment was part of a pink chain campaign on cancer awareness. During cancer awareness events in 2011 at various women colleges in different parts in India, a pre-test related to cervical cancer and breast cancer was followed by an awareness program. Post-tests using the same questionnaire were conducted at the end of the interactive session, at 6 months and 1 year. Results: A total of 156 out of 182 teachers participated in the study (overall response rate was 85.7 %). Mean age of the study population was 42.4 years (range- 28-59 yrs). There was a significant increase in level of knowledge regarding cervical and breast cancer at 6 months and this was sustained at 1 year. Adoption of breast self examination (BSE) was significantly more frequent in comparison to CBE, mammography and the Pap test. Magazines and newspapers were sources for knowledge regarding screening tests for breast cancer in more than 60% of teachers where as more than 75% were educated by doctors regarding the Pap test. Post awareness at 6 months and 1 year, there was a significant change in alcohol and smoking habits. Major reasons for not doing screening test were found to be ignorance (50%), lethargic attitude (44.8%) and lack of time (34.6%). Conclusions: Level of knowledge of breast cancer risk factors, symptoms and screening methods was high as compared to cervical cancer. There was a significant increase in level of knowledge regarding cervical and breast cancer at 6 months and this was sustained at 1 year. Adoption of BSE was significantly greater in comparison to CBE, mammography and the Pap test. To inculcate safe practices in lifestyle of people, awareness programmes such as pink chain campaign should be conducted more widely and frequently.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.119-122
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• 2011

A rotator cuff tear causes shoulder pain and limits movement of the shoulder joint. A chronic degenerative change or impingement is the reason for a rotator cuff tear. Diagnosis is made based on medical history and, physical and radiological examinations. Other causes of shoulder pain include calcific tendinitis, degenerative arthropathy, joint dislocation, fracture, and primary or metastatic neoplasm. However, metastatic cancer in the shoulder joint is difficult to diagnosis. We experienced a case in which a 46-year-old female patient complained of left shoulder pain and limited joint mobility, and these symptoms were due to metastatic breast cancer in the shoulder.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.4555-4559
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• 2012

Breast cancer causes death due to distant metastases in which tumor cells produce matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzymes which facilitate invasion. Oleuropein, the main olive oil polyphenol, has anti-proliferative effects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oleuropein on the metastatic and anti-metastatic gene expression in the MDA human breast cancer cell line. We evaluated the MMPs and TIMPs gene expression by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in treated and untreated cells. This study demonstrated that OL may induce anti-metastatic effects on human breast cancer cells. We found that TIMP1,-3, and -4 were over-expressed after all periods of incubation in treated cancer cells compared to untreated cells, while MMP2 and MMP9 genes were down-regulated, at least initially. Treatment of breast cancer cells with oleuropein could help in prevention of cancer metastasis by increasing the TIMPs and suppressing the MMPs gene expressions.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.99-104
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• 2019

Mammography, conducted every two years, causes cancer due to regular exposure to radiation while reducing rate of death caused by breast cancer. The study evaluates the effect of breast shielding apron made to shield off scattered radiation that occurs to the breast when the opposite side breast is mammogramed. AGD was measured using ACR phantom, composed of 50% mammary glands and 50% fat, and radiation was measured before and after wearing the apron on the breast when the opposite side of the breast is mammogramed. When CC direction mammography was conducted to a breast, the AGD was 1.84 mGy. When CC direction and MLO direction mammography were done to a breast, the average dose detected from the opposite side breast from four directions(top to bottom and medial to lateral) was $140{\mu}Gy$ with maximum dose of $256{\mu}Gy$ at medial side. After putting on the apron, the dose, caused by scattered radiation, was not detected from any of the four directions. Using of breast shielding apron is expected to minimize the radiation exposure by blocking scattered radiation to the breast shielded, when mammography is done to the opposite side breast.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.3849-3854
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• 2016

Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy in women worldwide; lack of awareness of symptoms and delay on diagnosis of breast cancer are the main causes of mortality among women. This study was conducted with the purpose of assessing the effect of educational consulting for breast self-examination (BSE) based on the health belief model (HBM) on the knowledge and performance of women over 40 years attending health care centers in Hamadan, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, eligible women admitted to health centers in Hamadan city in 2015 were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups (n=75 in each group). The intervention group received 4 weekly sessions of breast cancer screening consulting based on the HBM. Control group received only routine care. Knowledge, HBM constructs, and BSE practice were compared between the groups before, immediately after and three months after the consultation. Results: Before the intervention, no significant differences were observed in knowledge, health belief and practice between two groups. However, after the intervention a significant difference was observed between two groups in mean scores of perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy and the health motivations (p <0.05). Significant differences were also observed in terms of knowledge and BSE practice (p <0.01). Conclusions: The results indicate the importance of consultation on knowledge and beliefs to improve BSE performance and prevention of breast cancer in Iranian women.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.808-814
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• 2011

Purpose: Despite wide clinical use of breast implants, there is continued concern about the lifespan of these devices. The causes of explantation were infection, deflation of implant and patient's want. The deflation of saline-filled breast implant was related to strength and durability of implant shell. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical durability of saline-filled breast implant through the analysis of duration until deflation occurred, causes, incidence and influencing factors. Methods: Retrospective analyses were conducted on clinical records for 19 cases of deflation of saline-filled breast implant from 201 cases of breast reconstruction with saline-filled implant between May 1995 and June 2011. The authors had been analyzed the causes of deflation, survival duration, symptom, sign, nipple excision, volume of implant, saline filling, method of reoperation, breast cancer stage and combined capsular contracture. Results: The causes of deflation were attributed to the cases that cannot be evaluated the causes in 15 cases, fall down in 1 case, mammography in 2 cases, accidental needle injury in 1 case. Mean survival duration was 4 years and 5 months. The duration of survival was less than 1 year for 5 cases, 1 year to 10 years for 10 cases, more than 10 years for 4 cases. The volume between 201 and 250 cc of deflated breast implant was rated as high by 14.0 percent. The deflation rate of underfilled implants was 11.4 percent, adequate filled implants was 9.3 percent. None of overfilled implant was deflated. The deflation of smooth surface implant was 5 of 152 cases. Textured implant was 14 of 49 cases. The capsular contracture of non-deflated breast implant was 28 of 182 cases and that of deflated breast implant was 6 of 19 cases. Conclusion: The patients who underwent saline-filled breast implant implantation should be informed that their implant could deflate. The analysis of clinical durability and causes of deflation in breast implant was important for the prediction and prevention of reopeation. The authors could suppose the causes of deflation of saline-filled breast implant through history, duration of survival, inspection of the shell of implant.