• Title/Summary/Keyword: cause of cancer

Search Result 1,526, Processing Time 0.023 seconds

Statistical Approach to Discovery of Factors Impacting on Emergence of Blood Cancers in Iran

  • Zand, Ali Mohammad;Imani, Saber;Saadati, Mojtaba;Ziaei, Robabeh;Borna, Hojat;Zaefizadeh, Mohammad;Shazad, Babak
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • v.13 no.12
    • /
    • pp.5965-5967
    • /
    • 2012
  • Cancer is now the main cause of increasing mortality throughout the world. Minor alterations in the cell cycle which are inherited and not removed by apoptosis are important rsik factors. Blood cancers are asmong the types which most readily cause death. Here in this study, usual but important factors such as age, gender, Rh and ABO blood typing, weight, and platelet counts are analyzed for impact on blood cancers. Frequencies and distributions, correlations and chi-square test were utilized in order to clarify the perspective of important factors. Our statistical results show males and females to have same risk in blood cancer but A blood type (40%) along with positive Rh (73%) had the highest risk. Low platelet counts are related to more than 80% of cases. Obesity has a statistically ignorable role in blood cancer prevalence. The fact that blood cancer cases increase during the second decade of life (45.7%) which might be because of involvement of maturation processes.

Socio-economic Factors Affect the Outcome of Soft Tissue Sarcoma: an Analysis of SEER Data

  • Cheung, Min Rex;Kang, Josephine;Ouyang, Daniel;Yeung, Vincent
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • v.15 no.1
    • /
    • pp.25-28
    • /
    • 2014
  • Background: This study analyzed whether socio-economic factors affect the cause specific survival of soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Methods: Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) soft tissue sarcoma (STS) data were used to identify potential socio-economic disparities in outcome. Time to cause specific death was computed with Kaplan-Meier analysis. Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests and Cox proportional hazard analysis were used for univariate and multivariate tests, respectively. The areas under the receiver operating curve were computed for predictors for comparison. Results: There were 42,016 patients diagnosed STS from 1973 to 2009. The mean follow up time (S.D.) was 66.6 (81.3) months. Stage, site, grade were significant predictors by univariate tests. Race and rural-urban residence were also important predictors of outcome. These five factors were all statistically significant with Cox analysis. Rural and African-American patients had a 3-4% disadvantage in cause specific survival. Conclusions: Socio-economic factors influence cause specific survival of soft tissue sarcoma. Ensuring access to cancer care may eliminate the outcome disparities.

Antimutagenic and Antigenotoxic Effects of Beer Components and its Mechanisms

  • Arimoto, Sakae
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
    • /
    • 2003.10b
    • /
    • pp.105-105
    • /
    • 2003
  • Cancer has been important cause of human mortality. It was known that about one third of all deaths from cancer may be ascribed to diet habits. To identify food and drinks which could protect against cancer is important. Antimutagenicity and anticarcinogenicity of dietary components are being studied extensively.(omitted)

  • PDF

Current Status of Gastric Cancer Screening (위암 선별검사 현황)

  • Sung Eun Kim
    • Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
    • /
    • v.4 no.2
    • /
    • pp.107-112
    • /
    • 2016
  • Gastric cancer is the fifth most common malignancy in the world and still remains the third and fifth leading cause of cancer death in male and female, respectively. In terms of the cancer survival, the survival of gastric cancer is low in the West with showed 5-year survival rates of 10-30%, whereas the survival rates in Asia is more than 50%. The reason of the higher survival rate from gastric cancer in Asia partially related with the availability of gastric cancer screening programs, however, the population-based screening for gastric cancer has been conducted just in Korea and Japan. Therefore, more effective method for detecting the gastric cancer is needed for countries without a population-based gastric cancer screening. Endoscopy is the most effective method for diagnosis of gastric cancer however, it requires a large infrastructure including a large number of endoscopic equipment and well-trained endoscopists. To overcome these problems, several noninvasive methods (such as serologic markers, biomarkers, cancer autoantibodies, and exhaled breath analysis) for diagnosis of gastric cancer screening are suggested. This review addresses the conventional methods and the emerging methods for gastric cancer screening.

  • PDF

Mouse models of breast cancer in preclinical research

  • Park, Mi Kyung;Lee, Chang Hoon;Lee, Ho
    • Laboraroty Animal Research
    • /
    • v.34 no.4
    • /
    • pp.160-165
    • /
    • 2018
  • Breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death among woman, worldwide, despite advances in identifying novel targeted therapies and the development of treating strategies. Classification of clinical subtypes (ER+, PR+, HER2+, and TNBC (Triple-negative)) increases the complexity of breast cancers, which thus necessitates further investigation. Mouse models used in breast cancer research provide an essential approach to examine the mechanisms and genetic pathway in cancer progression and metastasis and to develop and evaluate clinical therapeutics. In this review, we summarize tumor transplantation models and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of breast cancer and their applications in the field of human breast cancer research and anti-cancer drug development. These models may help to improve the knowledge of underlying mechanisms and genetic pathways, as well as creating approaches for modeling clinical tumor subtypes, and developing innovative cancer therapy.

Rapid Lymphedema Progression in Breast Cancer Patient with Previous Forearm Fracture (전완 골절 과거력이 있던 유방암 환자에서 비전형적 림프부종 발생 1례)

  • Son, Sungwook;Lee, Sangcheol;Kim, Chung Reen
    • Clinical Pain
    • /
    • v.19 no.2
    • /
    • pp.129-132
    • /
    • 2020
  • Fracture is uncommon cause of lymphedema. The mechanism of lymphedema progression is still unknown, but disruption of the lymphatic system during and after fracture might be involved. In contrast, breast cancer surgery is a common cause of lymphedema and is usually caused by the removal of axillary lymph nodes. Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) has been adopted in early breast cancer to reduce the risk of lymphedema. Thus, the incidence of lymphedema in SNB was lowered. However, less than 10% of SNB patients are still diagnosed with lymphedema, but it is known that it took years to diagnose. Recently, we encountered atypical lymphedema occurred after breast cancer surgery with SNB. Symptoms started earlier than usual and were more severe. Interestingly, she has a history of a proximal radial fracture on the same side of SNB. We thought there could be a relationship between the acceleration of breast cancer-related lymphedema and fracture.

Gastric Cancer Occurring in a Patient with Plummer- Vinson Syndrome -A case report- (Plummer-Vinson Syndrome과 동반된 진행성 위암 1예)

  • Lee Sung-Gun;Lee Tae-Mu;Kwon Yuk;Kim Ki-Han;Kim Min-Chan;Jung Ghap-Joong
    • Journal of Gastric Cancer
    • /
    • v.4 no.2
    • /
    • pp.131-133
    • /
    • 2004
  • Plummer-Vinson syndrome (sideropenic dysphagia) is characterized by dysphagia due to an upper esophageal or a hypopharyngeal web in a patient with chronic iron deficiency anemia. The main cause of dysphagia is the web of the cervical esophagus, and an abnormal motility of the pharynx or the esophagus is found to play a significant role in the above cause. Patients with this syndrome are thought to be precancerous because squamous cell carcinomas of the hypopharynx, oral cavity, or esophagus take place in $10\%$ of those patients. However, for Plummer-Vinson syndrome to be combined with gastric cancer is most unusual. We report the case of a 43-year-old woman who was first found to have stomach cancer under a diagnosis of Plummer-Vinson syndrome and who recovered after surgery.

  • PDF

Burden of Cancers Related to Smoking among the Indonesian Population: Premature Mortality Costs and Years of Potential Life Lost

  • Kristina, Susi Ari;Endarti, Dwi;Prabandari, Yayi Suryo;Ahsan, Abdillah;Thavorncharoensap, Montarat
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • v.16 no.16
    • /
    • pp.6903-6908
    • /
    • 2015
  • Background: As smoking is the leading preventable cause of multiple diseases and premature cancer deaths, estimating the burden of cancer attributable to smoking has become the standard in documenting the adverse impact of smoking. In Indonesia, there is a dearth of studies assessing the economic costs of cancers related to smoking. This study aimed to estimate indirect mortality costs of premature cancer deaths and years of potential life lost (YPLL) attributable to smoking among the Indonesian population. Materials and Methods: A prevalence based method was employed. Using national data, we estimated smoking-attributable cancer mortality in 2013. Premature mortality costs and YPLL were estimated by calculating number of cancer deaths, life expectancy, annual income, and workforce participation rate. A human capital approach was used to calculate the present value of lifetime earnings (PVLE). A discount rate of 3% was applied. Results: The study estimated that smoking attributable cancer mortality was 74,440 (30.6% of total cancer deaths), comprised of 95% deaths in men and 5% in women. Cancers attributed to smoking wereresponsible for 1,207,845 YPLL. Cancer mortality costs caused by smoking accounted for USD 1,309 million in 2013. Among all cancers, lung cancer is the leading cause of death and economic burden. Conclusions: Cancers related to smoking pose an enormous economic burden in Indonesia. Therefore, tobacco control efforts need to be prioritized in order to prevent more losses to the nation. The data of this study are important for advocating national tobacco control policy.

Gallic Acid Enhancement of Gold Nanoparticle Anticancer Activity in Cervical Cancer Cells

  • Daduang, Jureerut;Palasap, Adisak;Daduang, Sakda;Boonsiri, Patcharee;Suwannalert, Prasit;Limpaiboon, Temduang
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • v.16 no.1
    • /
    • pp.169-174
    • /
    • 2015
  • Cervical cancer (CxCa) is the most common cancer in women and a prominent cause of cancer mortality worldwide. The primary cause of CxCa is human papillomavirus (HPV). Radiation therapy and chemotherapy have been used as standard treatments, but they have undesirable side effects for patients. It was reported that gallic acid has antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. Gold nanoparticles are currently being used in medicine as biosensors and drug delivery agents. This study aimed to develop a drug delivery agent using gold nanoparticles conjugated with gallic acid. The study was performed in uninfected (C33A) cervical cancer cells, cervical cancer cells infected with HPV type 16 (CaSki) or 18 (HeLa), and normal Vero kidney cells. The results showed that GA inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells by inducing apoptosis. To enhance the efficacy of this anticancer activity, 15-nm spherical gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were used to deliver GA to cancer cells. The GNPs-GA complex had a reduced ability compared to unmodified GA to inhibit the growth of CxCa cells. It was interesting that high-concentration ($150{\mu}M$) GNPs-GA was not toxic to normal cells, whereas GA alone was cytotoxic. In conclusion, GNPs-GA could inhibit CxCa cell proliferation less efficiently than GA, but it was not cytotoxic to normal cells. Thus, gold nanoparticles have the potential to be used as phytochemical delivery agents for alternative cancer treatment to reduce the side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

The Role of PET in Lung Cancer (폐암에서 PET의 역할)

  • Kim, Byung-Tae
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
    • /
    • v.36 no.1
    • /
    • pp.28-33
    • /
    • 2002
  • Lung cancer has become a loading cause of cancer death in Korea. Positron emission tomography was introduced in clinical nuclear medicine in the early 1990s and many studios using this functional imaging technology were performed for evaluation of its clinical utility. I review the current role of positron emission tomography in the diagnosis, staging, and therapy monitoring of lung cancer.